哥特式建筑英文数据库检索摘要.doc

题目：哥特式建筑的结构和艺术特征中文检索词：哥特式建筑 结构 艺术中文检索式：哥特式建筑*(结构+艺术)英文检索词：gothic building gothic architecture structure art英文检索式：(gothic building+gothic architecture)*(structure+art)SCI1Navarro, J (Navarro, Jaime),Sendra, JJ (Sendra, Juan J.) , Munoz, S (Munoz, Salvador).The Western Latin church as a place for music and preaching: An acoustic assessmentJ. APPLIED ACOUSTICS,2009,70(6):781-789.Abstract: The history of Western architecture cannot be understood separately from the evolution followed by church types from the first Christian churches to the late baroque churches. But the fact is, in the absence of a specific architecture for music, the church has been the place which has long welcomed it as well as contributing to its development. In addition, during certain periods of history, the intelligibility of the word, primarily for preaching purposes, is an essential objective of its activity. This was the case in the beginnings of the first Christian churches, with the appearance of mendicant orders in the thirteenth century, the Reformation and Counter-Reformation movements in the sixteenth century, and more recently, after the Second Vatican Council. This article proposes a new approach, through an acoustic assessment of the church as a place for music and preaching. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Traslation: But the fact is, in the absence of a specific architecture for music, the church has been the place which has long welcomed it as well as contributing to its development.但是事实上，在缺乏聆听音乐的专门建筑物的情况下，教堂成为了长期开展音乐活动并对音乐发展做出重要贡献的地方。2 Romano, A (Romano, Alessandra), Ochsendorf, JA (Ochsendorf, John A.). The Mechanics of Gothic Masonry ArchesJ. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE,2014,04:59-82Abstract: The masonry pointed arch, largely used in Gothic architecture, is known to have lower horizontal thrust than the circular arch. While this fact is widely acknowledged, the structural behavior of the pointed arch has not been researched in sufficient detail. This article compares the circular and the pointed arch, evaluating the maximum and minimum thrusts, analyzing the collapse due to support displacement and assessing the maximum capacity for concentrated loads for a range of arch geometries. Graphical and numerical analyses were performed in order to predict failure as the supports are displaced. An extensive experimental campaign on model arches has been carried out and compared to the theoretical results. The article provides new conclusions about the behavior of the pointed arch and the conditions necessary for collapse to occur.Traslation:This article compares the circular and the pointed arch, evaluating the maximum and minimum thrusts, analyzing the collapse due to support displacement and assessing the maximum capacity for concentrated loads for a range of arch geometries.这篇文章对哥特式建筑中的圆拱和尖拱进行比较，估计其最大水平推力和最小水平推力，分析了因为支座位移导致的坍塌，并且评估了一系列拱形结构集中载荷的最大能力。3 Leroy S (Leroy Stephanie),LHeritier M (LHeritier Maxime),Delque-Kolic E (Delque-Kolic Emmanuelle),Dumoulin JP (Dumoulin Jean-Pascal),Moreau C(Moreau Christophe),Dillmann P (Dillmann Philippe). Consolidation or initial design? Radiocarbon dating of ancient iron alloys sheds light on the reinforcements of French Gothic CathedralsJ.JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE,2015,53:190-201.Abstract:Large quantities of iron reinforcements, found in most Gothic monuments, are a data source for the interpretation of medieval architecture however their role both in contemporary engineering theory and the technical reality of construction yards has not yet been specified due to the difficulty of directly dating them. We present here an original radiocarbon dating methodology to date metal itself. Radiocarbon dates were measured for iron reinforcements used in specific parts of Bourges and Beauvais cathedrals, two iconic buildings in the development of French gothic architecture. Coupled with archaeometric and archaeological data, the new chronological results illuminate the major and active roles played by iron in the strategy of the building yards. At Bourges, iron was assimilated into the cathedrals construction strategy, whereas at Beauvais iron was integrated from the initial design, added to the monument following the vicissitudes of the building yard, and still used during the modern period. Thus, through decisive advances in radiocarbon dating of iron artefacts, the evolution of medieval architectural and engineering thought and action has been more reliably reconstructed. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Traslation:We present here an original radiocarbon dating methodology to date metal itself. Radiocarbon dates were measured for iron reinforcements used in specific parts of Bourges and Beauvais cathedrals, two iconic buildings in the development of French gothic architecture. 我们在这里展示一种创新的用放射性碳元素追踪来测量金属年代的方法。碳元素示踪法被用来测量在布尔日大教堂和博韦大教堂特别部位使用的加固金属的年代，这两个建筑是在法国哥特建筑的发展中有着标志性地位的建筑。4 Suarez R (Suarez Rafael),Sendra JJ (Sendra Juan J.),Alonso A (Alonso Alicia). Acoustics, Liturgy and Architecture in the Early Christian Church. From the domus ecclesiae to the basilicaJ. ACTA ACUSTICA UNITED WITH ACUSTICA,2013,99(2):292-301.Abstract:In general, studies on the history of construction of Christian churches have neglected to include essential aspects such as the development of the Christian liturgy, or its relation to the evolution of spatial organization. In churches, the liturgy establishes the dynamic relationship between the different foci of the celebration: the altar, the cathedra, the ambo, the choir, places and sound sources from which word and music are proclaimed. In the historical evolution of Christian churches from their origins, liturgy, music and acoustics are clearly interconnected and related to their architecture. However, little research has been done on these interconnections. This article aims to examine them focusing on early constructions: from the domus ecclesiae to the large early Christian basilicas which preceded Romanesque and Gothic medieval cathedrals. To do so it is essential to carry out an acoustic assessment of these spaces for worship in their original historical form. Since almost all of these have disappeared or undergone considerable transformation the method of computer simulation was used to set up and analyze acoustic models for these early churches.Traslation:This article aims to examine them focusing on early constructions: from the domus ecclesiae to the large early Christian basilicas which preceded Romanesque and Gothic medieval cathedrals. 这篇文章的目的是关注早期的建筑来检验这些内部联系：从家庭教会到启迪了罗马式和哥特式中世纪教堂的早期大型基督教教堂。5 Gil-Lopez T (Gil-Lopez Tomas). The Vault of the Chapel of the Presentation in Burgos Cathedral: Divine Canon? No, Cordovan ProportionJ. NEXUS NETWORK JOURNAL,2012,14(1):177-189.Abstract: The Cordovan proportion was discovered by chance in 1973, during an attempt to demonstrate the validity of the golden ratio in buildings in the city of Cordova. Far from being a local exception, later research have shown its sphere of application to be universal. However, few authors have researched the influence of the Cordovan triangle on the layout of architectural elements, and particularly on octagonal Gothic vaults. The present paper presents an analysis of the Cordovan proportion in the curved ribbing of Gothic vaults. Specifically, it consists of a geometric study of the octagonal vault of the Chapel of the Presentation in Burgos Cathedral. The results show that when the side of the octagon is taken as a modulus, the Cordovan triangles drawn by the layout of the vault form a geometric succession whose ratio is the Cordovan number.Traslation:The present paper presents an analysis of the Cordovan proportion in the curved ribbing of Gothic vaults. Specifically, it consists of a geometric study of the octagonal vault of the Chapel of the Presentation in Burgos Cathedral. 这份论文对在哥特式拱顶的曲筋上的科尔多瓦比例做的分析。特别地，它由一份几何研究组成。EI1 Callet P,Dumazet S,Leclercq C,Politi C.Natural lighting, gilts and polychromy of Notre-dame de Paris cathedralC.International Symposium on Virtual Reality, Archaeology and Intelligent Cultural Heritage,2010:63-70.Abstract:Lighting either natural or not in the european medieval architecture (roman period) is studied and simulated around a special and famous example. Notre-Dame de Paris cathedral and its polychromy are studied for many years and, today the remains of polychromy are very reduced. This prestigious monument is then a unique opportunity to study the complex relationships between light, paint and gilt. Monumental polychromy of the religious buidings is now well established and some attempts exist for retrieving a kind of optical effects well controlled in the medieval era. An interdisciplinary study which derived from the french project TerraNumerica allowed to value a historical hypothesis about the possible optical role of gilts. Thanks to the simulation of a global illumination in spectral rendering operating with the photon mapping algorithm, a new interpretation of polychromy effects is proposed, including the lightguide effect produced by the gilts. Many measurements on formulated polychrome samples and spectrophotometric captures concerning natural lighting at sunset were made to validate that new hypothesis. The obtained results guided the interdisciplinary team on a new focus on the polychromy restitution of the medieval buildings and monuments. It became quite evident that the medieval sculptor brought a very high and accurate mastership in lighting. Playing with the symbolic and colored light for illuminating the Galerie des Rois (the kings of Judah and not the kings of France) he offered to the christian people a very special effect for the last minutes of the day time. Physically based simulations presented here show a brand new hypothesis concerning the optical role of gilts. The Eurographics Association 2010.(21 refs)Translation:Physically based simulations presented here show a brand new hypothesis concerning the optical role of gilts.在这里呈现的基于物理的模拟展示了一种全新的关于镀金视觉效果的假设2 Banatre M,Belhamissi Y,Puaut I. Some features of gothic: a distributed object-based systemC. Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Object Orientation in Operating systems (Cat. No.92TH0477-0),1992:117-123.Abstract:Gothic is a distributed operating system under development at INRIA, Rennes. This system is designed to support the execution of a parallel object-oriented language on a network of multiprocessor machines. In order to provide efficient execution of programs in a transparent way on such an architecture，some problems have to be considered: memory management, and scheduling. These facilities are currently implemented on top of the Mach 3.0 micro-kernel. The paper relates these different aspects.(20 refs)Traslation:In order to provide efficient execution of programs in a transparent way on such an architecture，some problems have to be considered: memory management, and scheduling. These facilities are currently implemented on top of the Mach 3.0 micro-kernel.为了用一种透明方式为这样一个建筑提供高效的项目执行，必须考虑一些问题：存储管理和时间安排。这些设备目前正在3马赫微内核的顶部实施。3 Huerta Santiago. Geometry and equilibrium: The gothic theory of structural designJ. Structural Engineer,2006,84(2):23-28.Abstract:Medieval builders did not have a scientific structural theory, however gothic cathedrals were not built without a theory. Gothic masters had a scientia and this scientia was firmly based on geometry. It is the form which guarantees a safe state of equilibrium. In many gothic sources we find rules to design the structural elements, with special emphasis in buttress design. These rules lead in most cases to a proportional design, independent of scale (the depth of a buttress as a fraction of the span). The lategothic Spanish architect Rodrigo Gil formulated arithmetical rules which lead to non-proportional designs (the buttresses become more slender as the general size grows). Gothic structural rules were a means to register stable forms. Proportional rules are essentially correct and apply to most cases. Rodrigo Gils rules express a finer adjustment to some non-proportional problems: buttress design for thin late-gothic vaults or wall design for towers. Santiago Huerta.(18 refs)Traslation:Gothic masters had a scientia and this scientia was firmly based on geometry. It is the form which guarantees a safe state of equilibrium.哥特式大师有着一种创作方法，这种创作方法以几何为基础。这是一种保证均衡的安全状态的形式。4 Calzada, Mara Jess Casati, Ruiz, Jaime Carlos Glvez. Classical structural analysis of the gothic cathedrals: The Leons cathedralJ. Revista de Obras Publicas,2007,154(3482):55-66.Abstract:Current structural analysis procedures are quite different to classical procedures, developed when the gothic cathedrals were built, This paper shows the main classical procedures for masonry structures until XVIII century. The work is focussed on the procedures for the gothic cathedral of Leon, and highlights that the dimensions of the principal structural elements of the cathedral, estimated upon these procedures, are quite similar to real built dimensions. Moreover, the master builders, even though they did not know the stress concept and the strength of the materials, designed solid gothic structures which resisted the loads based on the form, To know these aspects may help to the actual engineer in the reparations and restorations of these gothic structures. The masonry structures exhibit a quite different behaviour from the concrete and steel structures, especially under tensile loading.(28 refs)Traslation:This paper shows the main classical procedures for masonry structures until XVIII century.这篇论文叙述了到18世纪石造建筑的主要古典程序。5 Marchese, Francis T. The gothic cathedral: An immersive information visualization spaceC. Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Visualisation,2014:220-224.Abstract:During the Middle Ages Gothic cathedrals were immersive information spaces which supported religious education and practice. Stained glass windows were essential to their function, in which Biblical narratives had been translated by skilled medieval artists into visual forms. This paper analyzes this visual phenomenon from the perspective of spatial information systems and the medieval art of memory. 2014 IEEE.(16 refs)Traslation:This paper analyzes this visual phenomenon from the perspective of spatial information systems and the medieval art of memory.这篇论文从空间信息系统和中世纪艺术记忆的角度分析了这种视觉现象(教堂玻璃彩绘)。专利1成都市第四建筑工程公司（谢惠庆,欧定文,雷峰雪,李熊飞,周良兵,雷俊,余刚,李劲松,贾鹏坤,王红委）.圆弧形钢筋混凝土看台施工方法:中国,CN201510589364.2P.2015.12.16.摘要：本发明涉及看台施工领域，特别涉及一种圆弧形钢筋混凝土看台施工方法，其步骤为：设置支撑架体，在支撑架体上设置看台底模，底模除了梁的位置，其他位置均斜向设置，沿底模上表面斜向设置现浇板的板筋；在板面筋上方通过钢筋设置若干三角形结构，其朝向看台圆弧的圆心，并沿看台的弧度布置，在板面筋斜向上，若干三角形结构连接组成阶梯型框架；在阶梯型框架上设置看台阶梯外侧吊模，设置看台侧模；进行浇筑；本发明的目的在于提供一种直接修筑底面为斜面的看台、更节约空间、更美观的圆弧形钢筋混凝土看台施工方法。2北京珠穆朗玛绿色建筑科技有限公司（张英保,廖丽英,张裕照）. 预制钢筋混凝土构件及其构成的装配式建筑:中国,CN201510523003.8P.2015.12.02.摘要:本发明预制钢筋混凝土构件，构件内设贯穿其长度方向的通孔，构件侧板上设凹槽，两块构件对接时，两凹槽对接成一长孔，构件外、内墙板内沿各自宽度方向布置若干根沿外、内墙板长度方向延伸的纵向钢筋，外、内墙板内沿各自长度方向布置有若干根沿外、内墙板宽度方向延伸的横向钢筋，横向、纵向钢筋交叉形成钢筋网，横向钢筋一端固设预埋件，两块构件拼接时，带凹槽的两侧板通过连接件B对接在一起。其目的在于提供一种结构简单、连接方便的构件，该构件操作简单，不需额外搭接钢筋，为施工带来了极大便利，提高了劳动效率，同时，构件连接时不存在受力转换问题，构件连接强度大大提高。3广东省建筑设计研究院(陈星,张小良,林扑强,陈有德,梁志红,李宁,龙秀海,杨代恒,余银银,陈航,王仕琪,苏森林,谭堂州,彭文蔚,李剑). 建筑结构中钢管混凝土柱与钢筋混凝土梁的机械锚固式连接节点结构:中国,CN201510516429.0P.2015.12.02.摘要：本发明公开了建筑结构中钢管混凝土柱与钢筋混凝土梁的机械锚固式连接节点结构，包括钢管柱、梁面筋、梁底筋、钢牛腿、上水平环板、下水平环板和连接锚器，钢牛腿为工字钢，钢牛腿在靠近钢管柱的上、下翼缘分别通过上水平环板和下水平环板与钢管柱相焊接，连接锚器由上锚器和下锚器组成，上锚器和下锚器均具有搭接槽，上锚器竖向正立焊接在上水平环板上，梁面筋靠近钢管柱的端部安装螺母和垫片后插装在上锚器的搭接槽内，下锚器竖向倒立焊接在钢牛腿的底端，焊接位置远离钢管柱，梁底筋靠近钢管柱的端部安装螺母和垫片后插装在下锚器的搭接槽内。该节点结构的结构简单、受力稳定，工期快、施工简单、现场焊接工序小并且能够节约钢材。英文专利1ELIAS R,PRATS M. Recovering hydrocarbons from an earth formation containing hydrocarbons including injecting steam at multiple spaced apart injection points and treating a hydrocarbon-bearing diatomite formation:US,US5984010-AP. 1999.11.16.摘要: NOVELTY - Method includes: emplacing an artificial overburden over at least a portion of a surface of the earth formation; injecting a recovery injectant into the earth formation at a number of injection points (44) which are spaced apart by about 14 to about 208 feet; and producing hydrocarbons from the formation with at least one producer well (42) extending into the formation.2 HILFIKER PIPE CO(HILFIKER W K, HILFIKER H O, HILFIKER W B). Grid reinforcement for embedding in ground - has welded wire work mats secured to precast concrete panels acting as retainer wall:US,US4324508-AP.1982.4.13.摘要: The retaining system for an earth formation comprises elongate precast face panels stacked horizontally to provide a wall. The panels are held aligned and stacked. Some of the panels have a recessed shoulder formed in the upper surface and pins extending from the shoulder.Anchor mats are disposed within the earth formation behind the stacked face panels. The mats each comprise a series of elongate t