英文翻译自动化专业1.pdf

本科毕业设计外文翻译 学 院 专业班级 学生姓名 指导教师 The Introduction Of High Frequency Switching Power Supply Introduction High frequency switching power supply also called switch rectifier SMR through the MOSFET or the high frequency IGBT switch frequency control in 50 100 KHZ within the scope of efficient and realize miniaturization In recent years switch rectifier power capacity expansion the capacity of himself from the volt 48V 12 5A 48V 20A to48V 200A 48V 400A High frequency switching power supply is traditional rectifier silicon rectifier silicon controlled rectifier upgrade alternative products High frequency switching power supply with convenient use small size high efficiency stable work coating meticulous etc absolute superiority quickly dominate the market Widely used in electroplating electrolysis surface treatment industry oxidation and get old and new customers Product features 一 This product USES imported brand components and international advanced bridge in precision machining technology of inverter and make the performance is stable the quality is reliable 二 For high frequency pulse waveforms output ripple coefficient the 1 can improve the number of plating and surface aestivation refuse the gloss and got a dark corner of plating And can reduce the loss raw materials of plating industry of special requirements 三 SFG series high frequency switching power supply by air filled type design installation convenience With remote control device easy for operation Can bring load switch machine reduce the adjustment of the complex procedures 四 Small volume light weight the comprehensive use of anticorrosive craft enhance the ability of anti corrosion products prolong the life 五 Energy saving high working efficiency reached more than 90 any more than a linear always voltage matching Save the traditional rectifier regulator and the energy loss in more than 35 greatly reduce the cost the reason of surface treatment industry High frequency switching power supply 一 The main circuit From the input and output of dc exchange network including 1 The whole the effect is input filter there will be the clutter power filter also hindered the feedback to produce clutter of public power 2 And rectification and filtering ac power grid directly to a smooth dc rectification in order to the next level 3 Inverter after rectifying dc into high frequency alternating this is the core part of switch power supply the higher the frequency volume and weight and output power than smaller 4 And output rectifier and filtering according to provide reliable load of the dc power supply Second control circuit On one hand the sample from the output terminal with setting standards and then compared to control the inverter change the frequency or pulse width achieve output stability on the other hand according to the test circuit the information provided by differential protection circuit control circuit of various protection measures Third detection circuit In addition to providing protection circuit is running in the various parameters but also provide various display meter data Four the auxiliary power To provide all the different requirements of a circuit switching voltage control principle Switch to certain time interval K repeatedly through and disconnect the switch the power input K E through switch and filter circuits provide load RL throughout the switch power load during to provide energy E When the switch input power disconnection K E will provide energy interrupted Visible to provide the energy input power load is intermittent for the load can be provided for energy switching power supply a storage device must be in switch will be part of the energy stored in the switch to load release In the figure the inductance and capacitance C2 and diode L circuit is composed of D this function Inductance used in storing energy l and stored in the switch of energy through the diode inductance L D released to load get steady and continuous energy because diode D make continuous load current so called free wheeling diode In EAB average voltage between AB says under the type used EAB TON T E For every TON of time the switch to switch the huge T works cycle i e switch time TON TOFF cut off time and sum By type changing switch time and work cycle the ratio between the average voltage AB also changed therefore with the load and the input voltage changes automatically adjusted TON and the proportion of T he can make the output voltage V0 remain unchanged Change through Time and work cycle TON of pulse that changing proportion of this method SHCH as Time Ratio Control from Time abbreviation for TRC According to the control principle TRC have three ways A Pulse Width Modulation Pulse Width Modulation the abbreviation for PWM Switch is constant by changing the pulse width to change the way SHCH Second Pulse Frequency Pulse Modulation some Modulation abbreviated PFM The constant change of the pulse width through the working frequency switches to change the way SHCH Third mix modulation Conduction pulse width and switch jobs are not fixed frequency each other can change the way and it is more than two ways of mixed High frequency switching power supply 1 don t need to increase speed switches can theoretically the switch loss to zero and noise is small The development of switch power Switching power supply for has the advantages of small size light weight high efficiency low calorific value and stable performance advantages and gradually replace traditional manufacturing technology of continuous work power and widely used in electronic machine and equipment In the 1980s the full realization of computer the switching power supply complete computer In the 1990s switch power supply in electronics electrical equipment and home appliance field has been widely applied switch power technology into rapid development Switching voltage stabilizer adopts power semiconductor as switch through the control switch SHCH adjustment output voltage In power transistors GTR for example when a switch tube saturated conductivity the collector and emitter on both ends of the pressure drop to zero When the switch tube the collector current deadline to zero So the consumption efficiency can be up to 70 95 While consumption also decrease Radiator switching voltage stabilizer for grid voltage directly rectifier filter and then adjusted by adjusting voltage switch pipe need not power transformer In addition switch frequency for dozens of KHZ filter capacitor inductor value Therefore switching power supply is light weight small size etc In addition due to the low consumption low temperature improve the stability and reliability of the machine And on the grid adaptive capability has increased the average power serial Manos tat allows for 220 10 fluctuate but switching voltage stabilizer in voltage in a 110 260 volts range change can obtain stable output voltage The high frequency switching power supply is the development of technology innovation technology high frequency of the benefit is that switching power supply device to miniaturization and make an unprecedented power switch into a wide range of areas especially in the high tech fields of application promote the high tech products of miniaturization light Now on the market of switch power supply power tube with a bipolar transistor switch frequency can reach several KHZ The switch power MOSFET using frequency conversion of hundreds of KHZ To improve the switch frequency must adopt high speed switching devices For the power switch frequency than MHZ available resonant circuit this way of working is called resonant switching mode It can greatly improve switch speed theoretically switch loss to zero the noise is small and it is to improve the working frequency of switch power By way of resonant switching converter has practical level MHZ Pursuit of switch power supply technical development trend and can be summarized in the following four aspects A miniaturization thin light high frequency switching power supply of of volume weight is mainly composed of storage devices magnetic components and capacitance so the miniaturization of switch power supply is essentially to minimize the volume of storage devices In a certain range the switch frequency not only can effectively reduce capacitance and inductance and the size of the transformer but also can restrain the interference improve the dynamic performance of the system Therefore high frequency switching power is the main development direction Second high reliability the use of switch power supply for a job than components ten times thus increasing the reliability From the Angle of life capacitors optical coupler and platoon devices such as life determines the communication power of life So from design use less as far as possible improve integration Such not only solved the reliability of complex the circuit also increases protection function simplify the circuit improve MTBF Third low noise one of switch power supply noise is Simply pursuit of high frequency and noise also is met subsequently increased The partial resonant converting circuit technology in principle on which can not only improve the frequency and can reduce the noise So as far as possible to reduce the noise influence of switch power supply is a development direction Four using computer aided design and control USES the latest technology design CDD CAA and transformation of topology and the best parameters make the switch power structure and the best condition Jane in the circuit into microcomputers detection and control monitoring system can form multi function real time detection record and automatic alarm and etc The development of switch power supply is and semiconductor devices and the development of magnetic components The high frequency need corresponding high speed semiconductor A high frequency electromagnetic with excellent performance Development power MOSFET IGBT etc develop new high speed device with low frequency magnetic materials improving the loss of magnetic components of the structure and the design method enhances the filter capacitor dielectric constant and reduce its equivalent series resistor etc to switch power miniaturization has produced a great impetus 高频开关电源介绍高频开关电源介绍 简介 高频开关电源 也称为开关型整流器 SMR 通过 MOSFET 或 IGBT 的高频工 作 开关频率一般控制在 50 100kHz 范围内 实现高效率和小型化 近几年 开关整流器的功率容量不断扩大 单机容量己从 48V 12 5A 48V 20A 扩大到 48V 200A 48V 400A 高频开关电源是传统整流器 硅整流器 可控硅整流器 的升级替代产 品 高频开关电源以使用方便 体积小 效率高 工作稳定 镀层细致等绝对 的优势迅速占领市场 广泛使用于电镀 电解 氧化等表面处理行业 并得到 新老客户的一致好评 产品特点 1 本产品采用进口名牌元器件和国际先进的全桥逆变换流技术精密加工而 成 使整机的性能稳定 质量更加可靠 2 流输出波形为高频方波 纹波系数大大主小于 1 可提高镀数 拒 绝钝化 增强镀层表面的光泽度和镀件暗角的钻芯度 并可减少原材料的损 耗 达到电镀行业的各种特殊要求 3 SFG 系列高频开关电源采用风冷式设计 安装方便 并配有远控装 置 操作简单 可以带负载开关机 减少调节的烦琐程序 4 体积小 重量轻 整机运用了全方位的防腐工艺制作 增强了产品 的防腐蚀能力 延长了使用寿命 5 高效 节能 工作效率达到 90 以上 任意电压电流比始终成线性匹 配 省去了传统整流器的调压器和主变的损耗 节能在 35 以上 大大的减轻 了电镀成本 实为表面处理行业最理智的选 高频开关电源原理 一 主电路 从交流电网输入 直流输出的全过程 包括 1 输入滤波器 其作用是将电网存在的杂波过滤 同时也阻碍本机产 生的杂波反馈到公共电网 2 整流与滤波 将电网交流电源直接整流为较平滑的直流电 以供下 一级变换 3 逆变 将整流后的直流电变为高频交流电 这是高频开关电源的核 心部分 频率越高 体积 重量与输出功率之比越小 4 输出整流与滤波 根据负载需要 提供稳定可靠的直流电源 二 控制电路 一方面从输出端取样 经与设定标准进行比较 然后去控制逆变器 改变 其频率或脉宽 达到输出稳定 另一方面 根据测试电路提供的资料 经保护 电路鉴别 提供控制电路对整机进行各种保护措施 三 检测电路 除了提供保护电路中正在运行中各种参数外 还提供各种显示仪表资料 四 辅助电源 提供所有单一电路的不同要求电源 开关控制稳压原理 开关 K 以一定的时间间隔重复地接通和断开 在开关 K 接通时 输入电源 E 通过开关 K 和滤波电路提供给负载 RL 在整个开关接通期间 电源 E 向负载 提供能量 当开关 K 断开时 输入电源 E 便中断了能量的提供 可见 输入电 源向负载提供能量是断续的 为使负载能得到连续的能量提供 开关稳压电源 必须要有一套储能装置 在开关接通时将一部份能量储存起来 在开关断开 时 向负载释放 图中 由电感 L 电容 C2 和二极管 D 组成的电路 就具有这 种功能 电感 L 用以储存能量 在开关断开时 储存在电感 L 中的能量通过二 极管 D 释放给负载 使负载得到连续而稳定的能量 因二极管 D 使负载电流连 续不断 所以称为续流二极管 在 AB 间的电压平均值 EAB 可用下式表示 EAB TON T E 式中 TON 为开关每次接通的时间 T 为开关通断的工作周期 即开关接通 时间 TON 和关断时间 TOFF 之和 由式可知 改变开关接通时间和工作周期的比例 AB 间电压的平均值也随 之改变 因此 随着负载及输入电源电压的变化自动调整 TON 和 T 的比例便能 使输出电压 V0 维持不变 改变接通时间 TON 和工作周期比例亦即改变脉冲的占 空比 这种方法称为 时间比率控制 Time Ratio Control 缩写为 TRC 按 TRC 控制原理 有三种方式 一 脉冲宽度调制 Pulse Width Modulation 缩写为 PWM 开关周期恒定 通过改变脉冲宽度来改变占空比的方式 二 脉冲频率调制 Pulse Frequency Modulation 缩写为 PFM 导通脉冲宽度恒定 通过改变开关工作频率来改变占空比的方式 三 混合调制 导通脉冲宽度和开关工作频率均不固定 彼此都能改变的方式 它是 以上二种方式的混合 高频开关电源 1 不需要大幅度提高开关速度就可以在理论上把开关损耗降 到零 而且噪声也小 开关电源的发展 开关电源因具有体积小 重量轻 效率高 发热量低 性能稳定等优点而 逐渐取代传统技术制造的连续工作电源 并广泛应用于电子整机与设备中 20 世纪 80 年代 计算机全面实现了开关电源化 率先完成计算机的电源换代 20 世纪 90 年代 开关电源在电子 电器设备 家电领域得到了广泛的应用 开关 电源技术进入快速发展期 开关型稳压电源