北京市门头沟区高考英语 短文改错及阅读理解选练（2）.doc

北京市门头沟区2016届高考英语 短文改错及阅读理解选练（2）【2015高考复习】阅读理解with more and more cars on the road，traffic jams are inevitable.traffic jams can lead to increased accidents as there are more cars，with more people trying to get to their destination，all the while getting worse.although its impossible to avoid traffic jams altogether，there are some tips you can follow to reduce the amount of time on the road.check for traffic jams before you leave.you can listen to the radio for traffic news，or check on the internet to get uptominute information on traffic.if the route you want to take is heavy with traffic，you can choose another. look for a different route permanently.most traffic jams occur on busy roads.using country roads could see you avoiding a lot of traffic.although the distance you may have to travel is further，it can work out quicker.set your car radio to receive traffic bulletins.many new car stereo systems(汽车音响系统)are equipped with a radio system by which you can hear the traffic channel.this way you can get the latest traffic information and change your journey if necessary._.most traffic jams usually occur during rush hour，so try to avoid this time period if possible.some jobs offer flexible working hours so that you can travel to work outside of rush hour.some jobs even allow you to work from home so as to avoid commuting altogether.ask your manager to see what you can do if traffic is a problem for you.use public transport alternatives where available.the easiest way to avoid traffic jams is to take buses or the underground instead of driving your own car.not only will you avoid traffic jams but you will most likely be saving money as the cost of motoring rises.【语篇解读】 随着汽车数量的增加，城市的堵车现象日益严重，因此如何减少自己在路上花费的时间就显得非常重要。本文给我们提出了五条可行的建议。1the underlined word“inevitable”in paragraph 1 probably means_.ahard to accept bimpossible to avoidcgetting less serious dseen everywhere解析词义猜测题。根据第一段的内容可知，路上的汽车越来越多，交通堵塞是不可避免的。inevitable意为“不可避免的，必然发生的。”答案b2the author wrote the text in order to_.aexplain why there are traffic jamsbtell the negative effects of traffic jamsctell us what we can do on the roaddtell us how to save time on the road解析写作目的题。根据第一段的最后一句可知，作者写本文的目的是告诉读者如何做才能减少自己在路上花费的时间。答案d3to get the latest traffic information，you could do the following except_.asurfing the internetblistening to the radio for traffic newsclistening to the traffic channeldturning to other drivers for information解析推理判断题。根据第二、四段的信息可知，前三项均是获取最新交通信息的方式，d项文中并未提及。答案d4which of the following can be put in the blank in the text?achoose a job that has flexible working hoursbtry traveling at different timecmake friends with your managerdwork from home解析段落大意题。根据第五段的内容可知，如果我们能够避开交通高峰，那么我们就可以避免交通堵塞。因此段落标题为：选择不同的时间开车上班或回家。答案b阅读理解。saturday, october 7th, was a marathon of sad tasks for anna politkovskaya. two weeks earlier, her father, a retired official in the department of foreign affairs, had died of a heart attack as he emerged from the moscow metro while on his way to visit politkovskayas mother, raisa mazepa, in the hospital. she had just been diagnosed (诊断)with cancer and was too weak even to attend her husbands funeral. “your father will forgive me, because he knows that i have always loved him,” she told anna and her sister, elena kudimova, the day he was buried. a week later, she had an operation and since then anna and elena had been taking turns helping her deal with her grief.politkovskaya was supposed to spend the day at the hospital, but her twenty-six-year-old daughter, who was pregnant, had just moved into politkovskayas apartment, on lesnaya street, while her own place was being prepared for the baby. “anna had so much on her mind,” elena kudimova told me when we met in london, before christmas. “and she was trying to finish her article.” politkovskaya was a special reporter for the small newspaper novaya gazeta, and, like most of her work, the piece focused on the terror that can be seen all over the southern republic of chechnya. this time, she had been trying to report repeated cruel acts done by people faithful to the prime minister, ramzan kadyrov, who are in favour of russia. in the past seven years, politkovskaya had written dozens of accounts of life during wartime; many had been collected in her book “a small corner of hell: reports from chechnya.” politkovskaya was far more likely to spend time in a hospital than on a battlefield, and her writing bore frequent witness to robbery, and the uncontrolled cruelty of life in a place that few other russiansand almost no other reporterscared to think about. 16. politkovskayas father died of _.a. tiredness b. a heart disease c. an attack d. an accident17. from the text we know that raisa mazepa _. a. didnt love her husband b. didnt attend her husbands funeralc. was having an operation the day her husband was buried d. was too sad to attend her husbands funeral18. the underlined word “emerged” most likely means _. a. came out b. went into c. disappeared d. left for19. how many family members of anna are mentioned in the passage? a. three. b. four c. five d. six20. which of the following words can best describe politkovskayas character? a. curious b. easy-going c. careless d. responsible【参考答案】1620、bbacd阅读理解（一）nasas mars detector (探测器), opportunity, succeeded in finding signs that water once existed on the planet. opportunity landed on mars in january. scientists now believe that the planet could once have supported life.this discovery was chosen by science, one of the worlds leading magazines, as the most important scientific achievement of 2004 last friday.“this little, wheeled, one-armed box went around another planet and has done something no human has ever managed,” according to science. “it has discovered another place in the universe where life could once have existed.”“although we still cant say that life could have existed in this environment, it is now certain that there was water on mars,” said steve squyres, one of the scientists working on the mars mission. the evidence comes from pictures and chemical readings taken by opportunity. it includes marks on rocks like those caused by flowing water on earth and salty chemicals like those found in dried-out sea-beds. scientists said the new evidence proved beyond doubt that water has been existed on mars. but it is still unknown whether the water on mars was like an ocean or just ice.while opportunity has not found any signs of life, the presence of water means life is possible. “in everything we know about life on earth, there is no example without liquid water,” squyres said. “so water is important for the search for life on mars.”researchers agree that a future mission (任务) should bring back physical samples (样品). but some scientists worry about the risk that this could introduce dangerous foreign creatures to earth. “the problem here is how to get the samples back,” squyres replied. “i think it is our responsibility to limit any risk.”1. _ prove that water existed on mars.a. the physical samples with salty chemicals b. the marks on rocks and salty chemicalsc. scientific achievements of 2004 d. creatures from mars2. which of the following is true according to the text?a. it is now certain that there was water on mars.b. the water on mars was like an ocean.c. evidence of life on mars has been found.d. search for life on mars is a great risk to humans.3. how did scientists draw the conclusion that there was water on mars?a. the worlds leading magazine has announced the fact.b. scientists have taken many pictures and chemical readings on the mars.c. astronauts have got some rocks from mars.d. scientists have made a study of the pictures and readings sent back by mars detector.4. it can be inferred that, if the creatures from mars came to earth, _.a. they would be kind to humans b. they would be cruel to humansc. they would be a great danger to earth d. it would be hard to say whether it would be a good news or bad news1. b 事实细节题。根据短文第五段“it includes marks on rocks like those caused by flowing water on earth and salty chemicals like those found in dried-out sea-beds”一句可知：岩石上有类似地球上水流的痕迹和化学物。2. a 事实细节题。根据第二段“succeeded in finding signs that water once existed on the planet”一句可判断，火星上有水。3. d 事实归纳题。人们对火星的研究是通过探测器“机遇号”发回的图片和数据进行分析得出的，人类还没有登上火星，所以b、c两项不符文意。a项“杂志上报道的”更不能作为结论的根据4. d 推测题。根据短文最后一段“some scientists worry about the risk that this could introduce dangerous foreign creatures to earth”的意义，科学家有这种担心外星人是否会对人类造成危害。由此可推测：如果外星人来地球，是好是坏不得而知。【2015届广西桂林十八中高三上学期第一次月考】第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）（注：本题为新课改内容） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用()划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线（_），并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。in the first day when i went to work in a very famous restaurant, my boss complained that there were very a few people coming for dinner. so i am “invited” to have a meal in the restaurant. after ordered two french dishes and some food, i began to look frequently at their watch timing the serving of the meal. meanwhile, i looked around to see that there was anything else wrong there. i wrote something improper down secret. my meal was not serving yet. i looked at my watch 32 minutes passed! i realized that wait too long for service was the main reason why the business was poor. then i wrote a report about my findings and presented it the boss.【答案】【知识点】 短文改错-记叙文【答案解析】71. 第一句 第一个in改为on。 在具体的某一天用介词on。72. a few 改为few。 老板抱怨没几个人来餐馆吃晚饭。73. 第二句 am改为was。讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时。74. 第三句 ordered改为 ordering。order的逻辑主语是主句的主语i, i和order是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用ordering。75. their改为my。 本句的主语是i ,它的形容词性物主代词是my。76. 第四句that改为whether。我环顾四周看看是否还有别的不对的地方。77. 第五句 secret改为secretly 修饰动词短语write down,要用副词。 78. 第六句 serving改为served。meal 和serve是被动关系，饭还没有被端上来。79. 第八句 wait改为waiting。 动名词短语作主语。 80. 第九句 the boss前加to。present sth to sb 将某物呈献给某人(2013乌鲁木齐三诊)rock climbing is increasingly becoming a more popular sport for people of all ages. in my mind，it is real positive in our life. on one hand，it is great 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