初中英语-形容词的比较级、最高级-讲解及习题.doc

形容词的比较级和最高级知识讲解及练习-昂立外语绝大多数形容词有三种形式:原级、比较级、最高级三种形式. 常见的形容词及比较级和最高级的构成（1）规则变化：一般情况下在词尾加-er、est Eg: calm-calmer calmest tall-taller tallest smart-smarter smartest以字母e结尾的直接在词尾加-erest Eg: nice-nicer nicest fine-finer finest large-larger largest以“辅音+y 结尾的词，变y为 i，再加-erest Eg: early-earlier earliest happy-happier happiest busy-busier busiest一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的单词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-erest Eg: big-bigger biggest thin-thinner thinnest hot-hotter hottest多音节或部分双音节的形容词在原级前面加more Eg: popular-more popular most popular important-more important most imporant（2）特殊变化： 原级比较级最高级goo/ wellbetterbestmany/ muchmoremostbad / badly（坏地）worseworstlittlelessleastoldOlder（年龄）/ elder(辈份)oldest/ eldestfarfarther距离/ further（深奥）farthest/ furthest. 形容词比较级的用法：表示两者（人或物）的比较。表达“A大于B”用 A 比较级+than B . Tom比我胖。 Tom is _ (fat) than me. 他的头发比我的短。His hair is _(short) than _. He has _ (short) hair than _. (注意比较对象的一致性). 英语比语文重要。English is _ (important) than Chinese. 我来的比你晚。I come _ (late) than you.（副词的比较级）表达“A和B一样”，用 A as 原级 as B他和我一样高。 He is as _ (tall) as I/me.英语比语文重要。English is as _ (important) as Chinese.他的头发和我的头发一样长。His hair is _ _ _ mine.他学习和你一样努力。He works _ hard _ you. 表达“A不如B”，用A not+as/so+原级+as+B。这辆车不像那辆车一样贵This car _ _ _（expensive） that one. =This car is _ _ / than that one. =That car is _ _ than this one.今天没有昨天暖和。Today _ _ _(warm) _ yesterday. =Yesterday _ _ than today.他昨天来得没有我早。He _ come _ (early)as I (did) yesterday. =He came _ than I yesterday.(同级和比较级的同义句转换)4比较级前可用much / a lot / far( 得多)，a little（稍微）, even（甚至）等表示程度.He is much _( well) today. Its much _ (expensive).He is very _ (well) today. Its too _ (expensive)5.在两者之间选择哪一个更，用比较级.Which /Who,A or B?谁跑得快些，Lucy 还是Lily？ Who runs _, Lucy or Lily?6.如果在两者之间表示“最”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, of the pair短语： 约翰是两个男孩子中较聪明的一个。John is the cleverer of the two boys. Of the two boys, John is the cleverer.这支手表是两个中比较便宜的。This watch is of the two.7.比较级前面可以加上表示具体数量差别的结构,表示具体“大多少”，“小多少”，“长多少”，“短多少”等。我比他大两岁。 I am two years _ _ he. 这个建筑比那个建筑高20米。This building is 20 meters _ _that one. “比较级 +and+ 比较级”表示“越来越” 天气越来越冷了。Its getting _ and _(cold)比赛越来越有趣。The game is (interesting)注意:多音节形容词用此句型时，要用more and more +形容词原级；而不能用more beautiful and more beautiful “The+ 比较级，the+ 比较级”表示“越，就越越多越好 The _, the _.他越忙就越高兴。_ _he is, _ _he feels. “用twice 等表示倍数的词+ as +原级as”表示甲是乙的几倍。 “用twice 等表示倍数的词+比较级than ”表示甲是乙的几倍。这间房是那间房面积的两倍。This room is _ as big as that one. =This room is _bigger than that one注意：在英语中，两倍用twice，而不用two times，三倍以上用three，fourtimes。同义引申高high /tall/long etc. 形容词最高级的用法：1.表示三者或三者以上（人或物）的比较,其中有一个超过其他几个。形容词最高级前要加the，副词最高级前常省略the, 后面通常带of（in）短语来说明比较的范围（of 后的名词或代词表示与主语属同一类；in 表示时间或空间范围）。在我们班上他最高。 He is _ ( tall) _ our class.玛丽是这三个学生中最小的。Mary is _ (young) _ the three students.2. 形容词最高级的前面常有the，my等形容词性物主代词，Chinas名词所有格，最高级前不加theThis is _ _ day. 这是我最忙的一天。Jack is _ _ friend. 杰克是吉姆最好的朋友The Changjiang River is _ _ river.长江是中国最长的河流。3 在whichA ,B orC_? 句中，表示三者或三者以上比较Which is the biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth?太阳，月亮，地球，哪一个最大？4. 形容词最高级表示“最.之一”时，可用“one of the+最高级+复数名词”Edison was one of the greatest inventors in the world.爱迪生是世界上最为大的发明家之一。 5“the +序数词+最高级”表示“第几个最”； The Yellow River is the second longest river in ChinaI 【Exercise】一出下列单词的比较级1.tall_2.quiet_ 3.funny_4.heavy_5.thin_6.big_7.outgoing_8.wild_9.little_10.good_11.bad_12.many_二、单选题1.Tina is _ than Linda.A.shortB.more shorterC.shorterD.shortter2.This question is _ than that one.A.easyerB.more easy C.easy D.easier3.Im _ younger than her.A.a fewB.a littleC.littleD.few4.My friend is the same _ me.A.toB.asC.with D.in5.The girl is as _ as her mother.A.beautifulB.more beautifulC.beautifuleD.more beautifuler6.Lily is _ of the two.A.tallerB.tallestC.the tallerD.tall7.The box is _ heavier than that one.A.muchB.very C.more D.so三、同义句。1.He is 14 years old. His friend is 12 years old.His friend is _ _ he.2.Our bikes are not the same as theirs.Our bikes are _ _ theirs.3.He is healthier than his friend.He _ _ _ of the two.4.The girl is smarter than her classmates.The girl is smarter than_ _ _ in her class.5.He is less popular than her.He is not _ popular _ her. She is _ _ than him.参考答案：一1.taller 2.quieter 3.funnier 4.heavier 5.thinner 6.bigger7.more outgoing 8.wilder 9.less 10.better 11.worse 12.more二1-5 CDBBA 6-7 CA三1. younger than 2. different from 3. is the healthier 4. any other student 5.as as ; more popular一、 Choose1 He feels _ today than yesterday.A. tired B. more tired C. more tireder D. much tired2. Of the two toys, the child chose_. A. the more expensive one B. one most expensiveC. a least expensive D. the most expensive of them3. The line is _ than that one. A. more longer B. not long C. much longer D. many more longer4. The book is _ of the two. A. thinner B. the thinner C. more thinner D. the thinnest5. She looks _ than she does. A. the more older B. very older C. much older D. more older6. The garden is becoming _. A. more beautiful and more B. more beautiful and beautiful C. more and more beautiful D. more beautiful and beautifuler二、Fill in the blanks with the right forms:1 This bag is a little _(heavy) than that one.2 Mr. Smith is a _(good) teacher. He always helps us to learn math.3 Dave is _ (quiet) than most of the kids in his class.4 Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _ (clever).5 Gold(黄金) is _ (little) useful than iron(铁).6 My sister is two years _ (old ) than I.7 Tom is _ (outgoing) than any other boy in his class.8 The short one is _ (expensive) than the long one.9. The _ (cheap) bags are the not usually the best ones. 10. The boy is not so _ (interesting) as his brother. 11. Dick sings _ (well), she sings _(well) than John, but Mary sings_(well) in her class. 12. She will be much _ (happy) in her mew house