Lesson_3_Book_5.ppt

授课教案 现代大学英语精读第5册UnitThree 课程名称 高级英语教学对象 英语专业本科三年级教学目的1 了解作者及其背景知识 2 熟悉本文使用的写作手法 3 掌握修辞疑问句 倒装句等修辞手法等4 熟练掌握三类构词法 5 通过深刻理解文章内涵 培养学生社会洞察力和相关的讨论能力 同时掌握文中的核心语言点 教学内容1 热身2 作者教育与背景3 作品赏析 结构分析 如何赏析文学作品 扩展式讨论4 写作技巧 省略疑问句和修辞疑问句 倒装句5 语言理解 核心词汇学习6 课堂讨论7 练与讲教学重点1 文学作品的赏析 2 文学中的修辞手法 Synecdoche 提喻 metonymy 借代 教学方法讲授 问答 讨论 模仿 练习教学手段多媒体使用 BriefIntroductiontotheAuthor ErlaZwingle formerNationalGeographiceditor nowlivinginVenice Italy GoodsMove PeopleMove IdeasMove AndCulturesChange Theauthorispositiveonglobalization Shebelievesthatglobalizationisahistoricalprocess whichisalreadyareality notachoice Thatistosay itissomethingyouhavetolivewith whetheryoulikeitornot However shedoesn tthinktheprospectofglobalizationwillleadto Americanization becauseculturesareresourceful Tohermind globalizationwillresultinaculturalmergingforthereasonthatthecivilizationsintheworldhavemuchincommon NotableQuestions Inordertodevelopherarguments theauthorusessomeimportantwords Pleasefindthemoutwhilereading Theauthoremploystherhetoricaldeviceofcontrast Pleasenoteherchoiceofwordsandthemoodorattitudeexpressedthroughsuchchoiceofwords ThewriterquotesToffler sanalysisoftrisectionofworldpowerand wave conflicts Doyouagreewithsuchanalysis Why not dynamic dai n mik a 动态的 有动力的 有力的1 characterizedbyactionorforcefulnessorforceofpersonality2 oforrelatingtodynamics3 expressingactionratherthanastateofbeing 1 Wearelookingfordynamicpersonstobesalesmen 我们正在寻找充满活力的销售人员 2 Hehasadynamicpersonality 他是个性活跃的人 merge m d v 合并 融合1 becomeone2 mixtogetherdifferentelements1 Thebankmergedwithitsmajorrival 该银行与其主要对手合并了 2 WheredoesthisstreammergeintotheRhine 这条小河在什么地方与莱茵河合流 polemic p lemik n 争论 a 论战的acontroversy especiallyoverabeliefordogma oforinvolvingdisputeorcontroversy1 Helaunchedintoafiercepolemicagainstthegovernment spolicies TextPartI Paras 1 3 Globalizationisarealitybutitisnotsomethingcompletelynew Whatisnewisthespeedandscopeofchanges Para 1throe r u n 剧痛 阵痛1 severespasmofpain2 hardorpainfultroubleorstruggleItisinevitableforsomepeopletobeinthethroesofeconomicadjustment 一些人处于经济调整的阵痛中是不可避免的 tectonic tek t nik a 筑造的 建筑的 构造的oforpertainingtoconstructionorarchitectureTherearestillsometectonicproblemsinoureconomy 在我们经济领域里 还存在一些结构性问题 dislodge dis l d v 逐出 取出vt 逐出 用力移removeorforceoutfromaposition1 ThereissomethingbetweenmyteethandIcan tdislodgeit 我牙缝里塞了点东西 就是弄不出来 2 Thewinddislodgedsometiles 风把瓦刮下来了 clime klaim n 诗 地方 风土theweatherinsomelocationaveragedoversomelongperiodoftimeTodayweareinthethroesof globalization 今天我们正在应对一种世界范围的相互影响和变化 一种习俗与追求的结构性变化 用社会学家的奇特词汇来称呼 就叫 全球化 MarksandEngelsandTheirCommunistManifestoKarlMarx1818 5 5 1883 3 14 KarlMarxwasanidealist Heobservedthecrueltiesandinjusticesthatthepoorworkingclassenduredduringtheperiodofindustrialrevolution andwasinspiredtowriteofasocietyinwhichnooppressionexistedforanyclassofpeople Marxbelievedinarevolutionthatwouldendsocialismandcapitalism andfocusoncommunistprinciples TheManifestooftheCommunistParty writtenbyKarlMarxandeditedbyFrederickEngels describesthegoalsofthecommunistpartyforendingexploitationoftheworkingclassandcreatingasocietyinwhichthereisequalityinsocietywithoutsocialclasses Para 2 afield fi ld ad 远离着 在远处farawayfromhomeorone susualsurroundings1 Missionarieswentfarafieldtopropagatetheirfaith 传教士到远方去传播其信仰 2 Don tgotoofarafieldorwemightloseyou 不要走得太远 要不然我们会找不到你的wroughtwrought r t vt 工作 古 work的过去式和过去分词 a 作成的 加工的 精细的1 Themortalitywroughtbyanepidemic 由一传染病引起的大批死亡2 Amassofwroughtironreadyforfurtherworking 锻铁块准备作进一步加工的熟铁caravan k r v n n 旅行队 有篷顶的大车camelcaravan 骆驼商队 Para 3 Still thebasicdynamics move Still hereintroducesacontrast Paragraph2tellsthereadersthatmoderntechnologymakestheconnectionsandchangesfasterandmorecomplicated Paragraph3stressesthatthebasicpatternisthesame Thedifferenceliesinthespeedandscopeofchanges PartII Paras 4 6 Thispartdealswithdifferentviewsonglobalization Para 4 anthropologist n r p l d ist n 人类学家assault s lt n 攻击 突袭v 袭击 突袭1 closefightingduringtheculminationofamilitaryattack2 attacksomeonephysicallyoremotionally1 Theymadeanassaultontheenemy sposition 他们突袭敌人的阵地 2 Sixwomenhavebeenassaultedinthearearecently 最近这一带有六个女子遭受攻击 equate i kweit v 同等看待 使相等vt 等同 使相等considerordescribeassimilar equal oranalogous beequivalentorparallel inmathematics1 Heequatespovertywithmisery 他认为贫穷就是不幸 2 Youcan tequatetheeducationsystemofBritaintothatofGermany 不能把英国教育制度与德国教育制度等同起来 3 Nowadays manypeopleequatepassingexaminationswithbeingeducated 当今很多人把考试及格与受过教育等同起来 agenda d end n 议事日程alistofmatterstobetakenup asatameeting 1 Let sgoontothenextitemontheagenda 我们讨论议程表上的下一项吧 2 Thisagendawillformthebasisofournextmeeting 本议程将成为下次会议的中心议题 flatten fl tn v 变单调 变平 打倒makeflatorflatter1 Hewastotallyflattenedbyhersarcasm 她说的挖苦话使他无地自容 2 Thelandflattensoutnearthecoast 海岸附近地势变得很平坦 crease kri s n 折痕vt使 起折痕anangularorroundedshapemadebyfolding makewrinkledorcreased1 Acreaseintheskin especiallyontheface awrinkle 皱纹皮肤褶皱 尤指脸上的 皱纹2 Becarefulnottocreaseupmybook 小心别把我的书弄皱了 3 Theflapsofhisjacketpocketweresewndownsothattheydidnotcreaseorwrinkle 他的夹克口袋上的口袋盖给缝上了 这样就不会打皱 Whatevertheirbackgrounds onebig McWorld 不管他们的背景和纲领如何 这些对全球化持反对意见的人深信西方的影响 往往等同于美国的影响 会把所有文化的差异一一压平 就像一位观察家所说的 最终产生一个麦当劳世界 一个充满美国货和体现美国价值的世界 Para 5 Popularfactionssprouttoexploitnationalistanxieties 反映公众情绪的派别 faction f k n n 小派系 内讧1 aclique oftensecret thatseekspowerusuallythroughintrigue2 adissentingclique1 Thepartysplitintopettyfactions 该党分裂成若干小派系 2 Thefactionfromtheextremeleftistryingtoelbowitswayintopowerbyshort cuttingthedemocraticprocess 这个极左小集团试图通过走民主程序的捷径 设法挤进有影响的机构 反映公众情绪的派别萌生利用民族主义的焦虑 wherexenophobiaandeconomicambitionhaveoftenstruggledfortheupperhand InChina thetwotrendsofclosed doorandopen doorpolicieshavebeenstrugglingfordominance Inhere theauthorputs xenophobia zen f ubi n 仇外 排外 and economicambition asapairincontrastbecause xenophobia referstoclosed doorpolicyand economicambition meansopen doorpolicy suggestingthatHollywoodbeburned HollywoodstandsforAmericanfilms Thisisarhetoricaldevicecalledsynecdoche si nekd ki n 提喻法建议把进口的好莱坞大片烧掉 Synecdocheisatypeofmetaphorinwhichthepartstandsforthewhole thewholeforapart thegenusforthespecies thespeciesforthegenus thematerialforthethingmade orinshort anyportion section ormainqualityforthewholeorthethingitself orviceversa e g Itissurehardtoearnadollar insteadof money thesedays Theresitsmyanimal insteadof dog guardingthedoortothehenhouse PutBeethovenontheturntable 转盘 andturnupthevolume Composersubstitutedforrecord Hedrewhissteelfromhisscabbard sk b d n 刀 剑 鞘 枪套andwelcomedallcomers Materialforthingmade Para 6 denounce di nauns v 告发 公然抨击1 speakoutagainst2 toaccuseorcondemnoropenlyorformallyorbrandasdisgraceful1 Theydenouncedhimtothepoliceasacriminal 他们向警方告发他是罪犯 2 Theminister sactionwasdenouncedinthenewspaper 部长的行为受到报界的指责denouncer n 抨击者apersonwhodenouncessomethingThosepeopleoutthereshouldcontinuetoliveinamuseumwhilewewillhaveshowersthatwork TheChinesepeopleshouldcontinuetoliveabackwardlifewhilewewillliveamodernlifewithadvancedfacilitiesLikeshowers PartIII Paras 7 9 Threepointsaremadeinthispart 1 Westernizationisnotastraightroadtohell ortoparadiseeither 2 Culturesareasresourceful dynamic flexibleandunpredictableasthepeoplewhocomposesthem 3 Teenagersareoneofthepowerfulenginesofmergingglobalcultures Para 7 Westernization Idiscovered verystrangebedfellows Shotthroughwith tohavealotof asiffullofholesafterashotgunblastinconsistency ink n sist nsi n 不一致 不调和 矛盾thequalityofbeinginconsistentandlackingaharmoniousuniformityamongthingsorpartsShenoticedseveralminorinconsistenciesinhisargument 她觉察到他的论点有几处略微有些自相矛盾 populate p pjuleit v 构成人口 居住于furnishwithpeopleTheislandsweregraduallypopulatedbysettlersfromEurope 岛上逐渐迁入很多欧洲移民 bedfellow n 妻 伙伴1 atemporaryassociate2 apersonwithwhomyoushareabed1 Mybedfellowiscoughandcramp wesleepthreeinabed 我的同衾者是咳嗽与痉挛 咱们三个同睡一床 2 Miseryacquaintmenwithstrangebedfellow 情知不是伴 事急且相随Aftermothsofresearchandtravel IfoundthatWesternizationisaconceptfullofself contradictionandheldbypeopleofverydifferentbackgroundorview blast bl st n 爆破 冲击波 一阵 汽笛声v 爆破 炸掉1 hithard2 useexplosives1 Frostblastedtheblossoms 霜使花凋谢了 2 Rockmusicblastedfullfromtheparlor 摇滚乐声震屋宇 从客厅传来 3 Atrumpetersentoutawarningblast 号兵吹出告警的号声 4 Thebombblastkilledseveralharmlesspassers by 炸弹爆炸使几个无辜行人受伤 booster bu st n 支持者1 apersonwhobacksapoliticianorateametc 2 someonewhoisanactivesupporterandadvocatesalubrious s lju bri s a 有益健康的favorabletohealthofmindorbodyYoushouldplaysomesalubriousgames 你应该玩儿些有益健康的游戏 Yettheymakenomention disastrouseffects 然而他们不提西方文化中不那么健康的一面 譬如香烟和汽车 就在发展中世界急切地接纳这些东西时 它们带来了很坏的后果 Apparently paradiseeithter 很显然 西方化既不会直达地狱 也不是直同天堂 Para 8 ButIalsodiscovered composethem resourceful ri s sful a 资源 人力 物力 丰富的 有机智的 多策略的 足智多谋的havinginnerresources adroitorimaginativeresilient ri zili nt a 弹回的 有弹性的elastic reboundsreadily1 Ourcarpetishand madeofpureChinesewool Theyareresilientandhavefineworkmanship 我们的地毯是用中国纯羊毛手工织成的 它们富有弹性且做工精细 2 Alightorresilientmannerofmovingorwalking 轻快的或充满活力的移动或步伐 不过我也发现文化就如构成文化的民族一样 善于随机应变 富有弹性而且不可预测 Inthisparagraph theauthorgivesherviewthatculturesareresourceful resilientandunpredictablebyofferingthreeexamples 1 HollywoodHighSchoolinLosAngeles2 SesameStreetinShanghai3 McDonald sinIndia McDonald sservesorthodoxinsteadofbeefinIndia 麦当劳供应的是羊肉而不是牛肉 而且提供一份素食菜单 连最正统的印度教徒也能接受 orthodox d ks a 正 传 统的adheringtowhatiscommonlyaccepted1 OrthodoxChristianchurchesoftenhaveelaboratesteeples 传统的基督教堂都有精致的尖塔 2 Breakingwithconventionortradition notorthodox 异端的背离传统或习惯的 不正统的 Para 9 thecriticalmassofteenagerscritical kritik l a 批评的 决定性的 挑剔的urgentlyneeded absolutelynecessary1 Whyareyoualwayssocritical 你怎么总是这样吹毛求疵 2 Theinquirywascriticalofherwork 该项调查对她的工作提出了批评 3 Wehavecometothecriticalmoment 现在到了紧要关头 Thelargenumberofyoungpeoplebetweentheageof13and19isdecisive Theyarecalled coolhunters 他们被称为猎酷者 PartIV 10 13 Thisparttellsoftheauthor sexperiencewithAmandaFreeman acoolhunter Para 10Shehasshoulder lengthbrownhairandiswearingaknee skirt 她留着披肩的棕发 穿着一条长及膝盖的值织锦短裙 Para 11 Wegoasmallish thathasjustbecometrendy 我们去了一家小一点的 50年代式样的餐馆 这家餐馆位于好莱坞东面一个比较破落的区域 这个区域刚刚时髦起来 seedy si di a 褴褛的 破旧的 不体面的shabbyanduntidytrendy trendi n 新潮人物 穿着时髦的人a 流行的a oforinthelatestfashionortrendLookatthattrendycouplewalkinghandinhand瞧那对手拉手走着的时髦夫妇 pocket anenclosedspace闭塞的区域 thriftshops second handshops it snevergoingtocatchon itwillneverbepopular Para 13 fusion fju n n 融合物 结合 融合thestateofbeingcombinedintoonebody1 Americansarethefusionofmanydifferentraces 美国人是各种种族人的熔合体 2 Brassisformedbythefusionofcopperandzinc 黄铜是由铜和锌熔合制成的 3 Athirdpartyisformedbythefusionofindependentrepublicananddemocrats 一个第三党由共和党和民主党之独立份子联合而组成 punk p k a 颓废派的n 俚 阿飞 朋克anaggressiveandviolentyoungcriminal rockmusicwithdeliberatelyoffensivelyricsexpressingangerandsocialalienation PartV Paras 14 19 Inordertoprovefusionisthetrend theauthorusesTomSloperandmah jonggasanexample Para 14morph m f 动植物的 变种 变体toundergotransformation especiallybymeansofcomputer generatedanimationgeek gi k n 俚语 反常的人 畸形人apersonwithanunusualoroddpersonalityfanatic f n tik n 狂热者 盲信a 狂热的 盲信的1 apersonmotivatedbyirrationalenthusiasm asforacause WinstonChurchill2 markedbyexcessiveenthusiasmforandintensedevotiontoacauseoridea1 Wecallhimapoliticsfanatic 我们叫他政治狂 2 She sfanaticaboutpopmusic 她对流行音乐很狂热 chunky t ki a 人或动物 矮胖的likeorcontainingsmallstickylumpsIsawabearwithachunkybodywalkingalongtheriver 我看见一头熊 身躯肥胖沿着河走着 damn d m a 该死的 可恶的v 诅咒 下地狱Thewordisataboowordwhichcan tbeusedinformalcircumstances Damnyou 你真该死 gotohell PartVI Para 20 Ifitseem considerChina 如果说西方的生活太超前了 已经看不清轮廓了 那么就看看中国 Thefirstsentenceplaysaroleoftransitioninthisparagraph Fast forwardblur movingsofastintothefuturethatoutlinesareblurredasifimagesonavideotapebeingplayedonfastforward blur bl n 模糊 v 使 模糊1 ahazyorindistinctrepresentationbecomeglassy loseclearvision1 Abluronadevelopedphotographicimage 模糊不清洗好的照片图象上的模糊处2 Theracingcarspassedinablur 竞赛的汽车影绰不清地飞驰而过 unleash n li v 解开 的皮带 解除 的束缚 解放1 releaseorvent2 releasefromaleash3 turnlooseorfreefromrestraint1 Goatonce orIwillunleashmydogonyou 立刻走 要不我就放我的狗咬你 2 Heunleashedathunderboltbyannouncinghisresignation 他宣布辞职好似晴天炸雷一般 Thecosmopolitanmagazine everymonth Cosmopolitan 时尚 杂志plunge pl nd v 投入 跳进 使 陷入dropsteeply thrustorthrowinto Thecarstoppedsuddenlyandheplungedforward 汽车突然停下 他的身子朝前一冲 2 Sheplungedherhandsintohercoatpockets 她把两手插在上衣口袋里 plungingneckline 开领袒胸26万中国妇女每个月都在阅读 时尚 杂志那些开领袒胸的页面及其他内容 PartVII Paras 21 23 ThispartdescribestheculturaltrendsinShanghai Para 21Buicksalesoutlet 别克汽车的销售网点 Para 22 imposing im p uzi a 令人难忘的 壮丽的impressiveinappearancerip rip n 裂痕 破绽 拉裂v 拉开 划开 裂开1 tearorbetornviolently2 anopeningmadeforciblyasbypullingapart1 Irippedmystockingonanail 一个钉子挂破了我的袜子 2 Theposterhadbeenrippedtopieces 那张广告画已被撕得粉碎 jostle vtocomeorbringintoclosecontact使挤 撞1 Iwasjostledbyacrowd 我被人群挤着 2 Don tjostleme 不要挤我 3 Theplayerswerejostledbyanangrycrowdastheyleftthefield 运动员们离开赛场时 被愤怒的人群推搡着 4 Theyouthsjostled against anoldladyonthepavement 那些青年人在人行道上推推搡搡挤著了一个老太太 cramp kr mp v 使 抽筋 以铁箍扣紧 束缚1 securewithacramp2 preventtheprogressorfreemovementof1 Theswimmergotcrampinhislegsandhadtobehelpedoutofthewater 游泳者两腿抽筋 不得不由他人救助出水 2 Allthesedifficultiescrampedhisprogress 所有这些困难阻碍了他的进步 Inadecade presence 十年中 几十座闪闪发亮的高层建筑拔地而起 积压空间 使人张目不能远眺 使原本峡窄弯曲的街道更显压抑 而这些高耸大楼的存在也使公园和空地感到憋气 Trafficcrawls overpasses 既使是在多车道的快速路上 车辆也在爬行 Para 23 Thisparagraphtellsofchangesinthelifeordinarypeople changesintheamountofmoneyspentonfood onclothesandinmoneyspentonnewitems suchastravel Para 24Peopledonotconsidertheinvasionofforeigngoodsandchangeinlifethatgoeswithitasproblem Theyacceptsuchchangeanddonotfeelalarmed TheChinese ambiguity ambiguity mbi gju iti n 不明确 含糊 暧昧 模棱两可1 anexpressionwhosemeaningcannotbedeterminedfromitscontext2 unclearnessbyvirtueofhavingmorethanonemeaning1 Astateofambiguityorobscurity 含糊不清或者晦涩的状态2 Signalwhichpreventsaccidentaloperationbyspurioussignalsoravoidspossibleambiguity 防止假信号的意外作用或者避免二义性而设置的信号 中国人是善于应对多种可能性的 PartVIII Paras 25 28 TheauthorusestheexperienceatShanghaiTheatreAcademytoillustratethepointthatthechangeisthelevelofideas MacbethisoneofShakespeare stragedies Theplotisfullofhorror Macbeth aScottishgeneralmurderedthekingofthecountry DuncanwhenhepaidapersonalvisittohisfamilyafterMacbethhadsucceededinsuppressingarebellion ThereasonwhyMacbethmurderedDuncanisthathehadbeenconvincedbythethreewomenwitches predictionandalsohadbeenindulgedbyhisLadyMacbeth Afterthathebegantosuspectthosewhowerenotonhisside Manyofthemwerekilled buthealsocametohisbadend LadyMacbethcommittedsuicidebecauseshefeltthatmanypeoplewerehatingherandshewerealsobeingtorturedbyherconscience Paras 26 27 ShanghaiTheatreAcademy 上海戏剧学院Thelightingwasheavyonshadows withfrequentflashes 灯光集中在鬼影上 常常夹着闪电 snarl sn l v 吼叫 怒骂utterinanangry sharp orabrupttone1 Trafficwasbadlysnarledupneartheaccident 车祸现场附近交通极为混乱 2 Thedogsnarledatthemilkman 那条狗对著送牛奶的人低声吠叫 3 Thetigersnarledfrighteningly 老虎发出可怕的吼声 4 Getoutofhere hesnarled atus 滚开 他 对我们 厉声嚷道 shriek ri k n 尖叫 叫喊v 尖叫sharppiercingcry utterashrillcry1 Mysistergaveashriekofdelight 我妹妹高兴地尖叫起来 2 Sheshriekedinalarm 她惊恐地尖叫起来 3 Suddenlyweheartheshriekofunwaryanimaltakebysurprise 突然我们听到了无戒备的动物遭突袭的尖叫声 4 Suddenlyhebegantoshriekloudly 突然他开始大声尖叫起来Thelightwentout auto rewind 灯光熄灭 有一阵子 黑暗中唯一的声音就是一部价格昂贵的照相机自动倒卷时发出的声音 Para 28 Itstrainimagination sewingmachines 难以想象就是在这个国家 二十年前人们最想要贵重物品是手表 自行车和缝纫机 strain strein n 紧张 拉紧 血统v 劳累 拉紧v toexertmucheffortorenergyn psychology nervousnessresultingfrommentalstress biology agroupoforganismswithinaspeciesthatdifferintrivialwaysfromsimilargroups1 Tooheavyaloadwillstraintheropetoitsbreakingpoint 负载过重会把绳子拉紧到崩断的地步 2 Theauthorseemstostrainafternovelty 作者似乎在力图标新立异 3 Thisstrainofwheatcangrowduringacoldspring 这种小麦可以在寒冷的春天生长 4 Youwillstrainyoureyesbyreadinginsuchpoorlight 你在这样弱的光线下看书会损伤视力的 PartIX Paras 29 34 TheauthorinthispartintroducesToffler sviewonconflict changeandworldorder Para 29Inthisparagraph theauthorusesmetaphor whichcomparesTofflertocompass 指南针 TheThirdWaveisabookpublishedin1980byAlvinToffler 第三次浪潮 Para 30 Wenowknowthatordergrowsoutofchaos Theauthormeansthatsignificantchangecameasaresultofconflict chaos kei s n 混乱astateofextremeconfusionanddisorder1 Afterthefailureoftheelectricitysuppliesthecitywasinchaos 电力供应中断 城市陷于混乱之中 2 HeseesthathumanstupidityandgreedareabouttoplungeEuropeintochaos 他看到人间的愚蠢和贪婪即将使欧洲陷入一片混乱 but wave conflictsbetweenindustriallydominantcountriesandpredominantlyagrariancountries 工业占主导地位的国家与农业占主导地位的国家的浪潮冲突dominant d min nt a 占优势的exercisinginfluenceorcontrol1 Peacewasthedominantthemeoftheconference 和平是大会的首要议2 Therighthandisdominantinmostpeople 大多数人的右手是优势手 predominantly pri d min ntli ad 优越地 卓越地 主要地muchgreaterinnumberorinfluenceAnyofvariousfishesthatarepredominantlyblue suchasthepollack 蓝色鱼任一种主要为蓝色的鱼类 如青鳕agrarian gr ri n a 有关土地的 耕地的relatingtoruralmatters Para 32 Heholdsthatthepresentorderisatrisectionorder Accordingtohim theagrariannationsareatthebottom knowledge basedeconomicsonthetop withindustrializedcountriesinbetween smokestack sm kst k n 烟窗smokestackcountries heremeansindustrializedcountries Para 33 separate sep reit a 分开的 各自的 单独的independent notunitedorjointdistinctive dis ti ktiv a 有特色的 出众的1 ofafeaturethathelpstodistinguishapersonorthing2 capableofbeingclassified1 Soldierswearadistinctiveuniform 士兵们穿着特制的制服 2 Thisisadistinctiveroom 这是一间独具一格的房间 PartX Para 35 FortheJapanese wayofthinking TheJapaneseareverytraditionalintheirthinking ThatiswhyyoufindlifelongserviceinoneJapanesefirmandtheemployeesareproudofsuchanarrangement Loyaltytothefirmisconstantlystressed Theideathatone sfateinone sownhandisalientoJapanesecorporateculture butappropriatetoAmericanculturewithitsemphasisonindividualism Theimplicitmessageinallthis 其中的内涵信息implicit im plisit a 暗示的 计算机 隐式impliedthoughnotdirectlyexpressed inherentinthenatureofsomething1 Herattitudewasimplicitintheanswershegaveus 她在给我们的答复中态度是含蓄的 2 Thesystemofrulesimplicitinalanguage viewedasamechanismforgeneratingallsentencespossibleinthatlanguage 语法规则隐含在一种语言中的规则体系 被看作在该语言中生成所有可能的语句的机制 PartXI Para 36 Themainideainthispartisthattherewon tbeauniformworldcultureinthefuture theculturewillcoexistandtransformeachother aspire s pai v 热望 立志haveanambitiousplanoraloftyg