unit 1知识点_学案-蒋.doc

必修五Unit 1 Great Scientists-教师 一. 词形变化1 n，科学 adj.科学的 n.科学家2 v宣布 n.宣布 n，广播员，告知者3 v.指导，命令 n.指导，指示 adj.有益的，教育性的4 vt结束，推断出 n结论 5 vt污染 adj受污染的 n 污染 污染物 二.词语辨析 1. character/characteristic n. character 性格，品质 （本身具有的）；角色，人物；字体，字符characteristic 特点，特征（区别于其他事物）【练习】选择character 或characteristic 并用其适当的形式填空 We are building socialism with Chinese _ (character). He finished a novel with 2 million Chinese _(character). He is firm in _ (character).2 cure/ treat 治疗，cure 表示治愈的结果cure sb.of sth.治好某人的疾病a cure for 治疗的方法/药物treat 表示治疗的过程 treat sb for sth Her son was addicted to the computer games and she had to spend much time cure him_the bad habits. Doctors are searching for a _ H7N9 .（3) After being _ for such a long time, the wound _ at last.三重点词汇1. defeat vt.打败；战胜；使受挫; n.失败 1）Do you still remember the two defeats. 2）We defeated them at the football match yesterday. 辨析：defeat，beat & windefeat与beat同义，表示“击败对方”，宾语为参赛者或竞争者，如sb.或a team；defeat还可以有“战胜.疾病”之意。win则表示“赢得比赛、战争或某些奖赏”，宾语为game，match，war,prize等，不能接人。运用：用defeat、beat或win填空。Zhang Jike Wanghao and the champion at the 2012 London Olympic Games.2. attend v. 1)注意；留意；处理(可与to连用)=do with 2)照看；照料：(可与to连用)=take care; look after 3) 出席；到场：1）Well attend to the problem later2）Which doctor is attending (to) you? 重点用法 attendance n 出席，出席的人数，伺候，照料 attend school上学 attend a lecture/meeting听讲座/出席会议 attend a wedding/ceremony出席婚礼/参加典礼练习 1)他们在我们不在时管理事务。_2) 他在这个领域很出名，今晚会有成千上万的敬仰者参加他的讲座。_区别 attend (meeting,ceremony,wedding)/join (party ,army,team)/join in/take part in3. expose vt. 1)使暴露, 显露 2)曝光 3)揭露expose. to使显露/暴露 be exposed to 招致；暴露于；感染(病)运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。 Those who _ (expose) to bird flu were separated and treated without delay. Stay at home and dont expose your skin _ the sun. 3）He the plan the newspapers.4. absorb 1) 吸收 2)使(精神)贯注 3)占用(时间)重点用法 be absorbed in 全神贯注于;热衷于; absorb ones attention吸引某人注意力 当我进来时，他正聚精会神地在看小说。When I entered，he_ a novel 我们可以从外国语言中吸收我们需要的东西。We can_from foreign languages(3)颜色丰富的东西总能轻易地吸引孩子们的注意力。_5 suspect sb.of .认为某人有的嫌疑 suspect sb.to be 怀疑某人是：suspected that. 表示“怀疑其有”；用：用适当的词填空或用所给词的适当形式填空。 He is suspected _ murder. I suspected him _ (be) the spy. What made you suspect her _ having taken the money? 6. Blame vt责备；谴责；归咎于；blame sbfor(doing)sth 因(做)某事而指责某人blame sthon sb 因某事而指责某人sbbe to blame for(doing)sth因(做)某事某人应该受到谴责；注意(无被动形式)。 n责怪；(过失、过错等)责任 take/put/bear the blame for 某人对，承担责任练习 汉译英1. I dont blame you doing that.2 . Dont blame it him ,but me.3)看来霍乱的流行要归罪于饮用水了._4）这件事谁也不能怨.-两种译法_ blame/scold 区别blame 责备；谴责； 归咎于强调对某种可以解释的失误或不良行为的谴责或惩罚：scold 斥责”、“责骂”指大声呵斥，责备，唠唠叨叨地说，常用于长辈对晚辈1）Dont _ it on me.2）The parents _ the naughty boy and asked him to leave the home at once.7. instruct vt教导; 指示1）The volunteers often go to an orphan home to instruct orphans in English4）He was instructed to sail for New York. 。重点用法instruct sb.( in sth.) 教, 教导,传授技能instruct sb. to do; instruct wh-命令, 指示,instruct that-clause通知孩子们被要求放学后留在教室里. 7. conclude vt.& vi.结束；推断出；决定，作结论 n. 结论，结束conclude sth.from sth.从得出结论 conclude. with 以为结束come to/draw/reach a conclusion 得出结论To conclude/in conclusion总之，最后(=finally)会议结束时，他们得出了结论。 总而言之，好公民应该遵守交通规则。_，a good citizen should observe traffic regulations.四 重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1put forward 推荐某人或自己任职位；提出(意见、建议)；将.提前，推荐；将表拨快 1）He put forward a new plan yesterday 2）May I put your name forward as a possible chairman of the committee? 3) the womens final has been put forward to 2:00 . 4) He put his watch forward to avoid being late for meeting.短语归纳 put on put on performances put an end to put off； put ones heart into put down put out put back put up put away练习用put构成的短语填空:1)You can take anything from the shelf，but please _ the books when youve finished with them2)He often _ some useful advice.2 link vt. 连接；联系 n. 环；连接；联系；纽带常用结构：link .to/with 将和连接/联系起来 be linked to 与，有关 link up 连接起来1 这条公路连接着上海和北京。 2 证据显示，约翰与这起枪击案有关 。 .五 重点句子 （旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）1. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.每次瘟疫爆发，数以千计的人们在恐惧中死去 解释 every time可作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“每次，经常”each time,next time,the first /second/last.time immediately，the moment，directly，instantly等都可以作连词引导时间状语从句，意为“一就”练习 汉译英1）每次见到他，我就想起发生在我们之间的事情。 2）每次我去找他，他都在专心看书_3）我一见到她就把这本书给了她。_ 2 suggest 表示“建议做某事”，通常用 suggest doing sth，而不能用 suggest to do sth他建议坐飞机去。 汤姆建议把房子卖了。 suggest 后接宾语从句时，从谓语既可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气，其区别与 suggest所表示的意思有关： 1. 若suggest 表示“建议”，则其后接的 that 从句谓语通常用“(should)+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气形式. 我建议她回家去。 2. 若suggest 表示“暗示”“表明”等义，则其后接的 that 从句要用陈述语气。如： 他说的话表明他是个骗子。 3 have sth done 1.我们刚才请人把机器修好了。 2.他（请人给他）理发了。 3 这个病人准备请 / 叫 / 让人量体温。 have sb do sth “让 / 叫 / 使某人做某事”。 老板经常要他们一天工作14 个小时。 have sb / sth doing “叫 / 让 / 使某人做某事或让某种情况发生”。 不要让婴儿啼哭！ Using language1. contribute vi&vt捐助，捐献，贡献；投稿典例1）He contributed to the church他向教会捐款。2）He often contributes to this newspaper他经常向这家报社投稿。3）Cigarette smoking is a major factor contributing to cancer吸烟是导致癌症的主要因素。重点用法 注意: 短语中to为介词； contribution. n. 捐献，贡献；投稿 contributeto 向捐献(投稿) contribute to促成，起作用，有助于 make a contribution totowards向捐赠；对作出贡献2apart from 除之外;另外典例1）Apart from a few faults，he is a perfect teacher除了几个缺点之外，他是一个很好的老师。2）Apart from the cost，the dress doesnt suit me姑且不论价格，这件礼服也不适合我穿。短语归纳 in addition to除之外(还有,包括在内)besides 除之外(还有,包括在内) except除之外(还有,不包括在内) except for除之外(整体肯定，修正个别缺点) except that除之外(还有,不包括在内)练习选择以上短语填空。1) As a senior student, we study other subjects _ English.2) Your article is well written _ some spelling mistakes.Apart from the ending，its a really good film. Keys: 1) besides/ in addition to/apart from 2) except for3. be strict with sb.(in sth.)(在某方面)对某人严格要求运用：用适当的词填空。 Our English teacher is very strict _ us and she demands that we should be strict _ our homework. My mother is strict _ her work and is also strict_me. 4 make sense讲得通；有意义 典例 What he says makes sense他说的有道理。Can you make sense of this poem? 你能明白这首诗的含义吗?What you say is true in a sense你所说的在某种意义上是真实的。短语归纳make no sense讲不通；无意义 make sense of 了解,明白in a sense就某种意义而言；在某种意义上 练习 汉译英1） 老师试了许多次，但这个长句依然讲不通。_2）从某种意义上说，这部影片富含意义。_Keys: 1) The teacher tried many times, but the long sentence still could not make sense.2) The film is full of meaning in a sense.5. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说的清楚解释Only 引导的状语放在句首，句子需用半倒装练习汉译英) 只有用这种方法，你才能轻松地解决这个问题_) 就在你失去它的时候，你才会懂得时间的宝贵_Only by working hard can we succeed.Keys: 1) Only in this way, can you deal with the problem easily. 2) Only when you lost it, will you understand how valuable the time is.6. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it . 他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转解释with + 宾语+ v. ing / v. ed / to do / adj. / adv. / prep. phrases构成的复合结构在句中通常作为状语，表示背景情况，为方式，原因或条件等典例1）With the old man leading the way, we started towards the forest. 在老者的带路下，我们向森林进发。2）She ran and ran with beads of sweat running down her face. 她不停地奔跑，汗珠顺着脸颊流下来。练习 汉译英1） 老师微笑地走进教室，身后还跟着一群小朋友_2） 随着考试的结束，我们的假期开始了_Keys: 1) With a group of children following, the teacher came into the classroom with smile. 2) With the test finished, we began our holiday. s great efforts, the disease was finally under control.课文佳句背诵与仿写 （旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力）1【原句】John Snow was a well-known doctor in Landon( and he was) so famous, indeed (插入语), that he attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies. 模仿要点两个简单句合并成一句，很好地运用了插入语和符号来压缩句子。【模仿1】张老师是个热心的老师,他那么善良我想当他的学生生病时他一定乐意帮助他们的。_答案：Mr. Zhang is a warm-hearted teacher in our schoolso kind, I think/ I believe/ I suppose/ I dare say (插入语), that he is sure to help his students when they are ill.【模仿2】李平是我们班一位用功的学生。他那么勤奋我想晚上不到11点他不会上床睡觉的。_答案：Li Ping is a hard-working boy in my classso diligent, I suppose, that he never goes to bed until 11 at night. 2【原句】Although he had tried to ignore them, all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion: that the earth was not the centre of the solar system.模仿要点 冒号加that从句【模仿1】虽然她不相信别人说的话,可她所收集的证据得出这样的结论：她的男朋友骗了她。_答案：Though she didnt believe what other people said, the evidences that she collected led to the conclusion: that her boy friend cheated her. 【模仿2】尽管他很聪明，但他不勤奋。他这学期所经历的失败得出这样的结论：不劳不获_答案：Though he was very clever，he didnt work hard and all his failure ( that she experienced) this term led to the conclusion: that no pains no gains.3【原句】He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth. 模仿要点 句子结构：with 的复合结构作定语修饰前面的名词。【模仿1】当你步入校园，在你面前是一个种着各种花草的大花坛。在花坛的两边是两个高大的楼房：左边是教学楼，右边是图书馆。_答案：When you enter the school, you can see in front of you a big flower bed with various kinds of flowers and grass growing in it and with two large buildings standing on both sides the library on your right and the teaching building on your left. 【模仿2】 井底之蛙，永远看不到天空的广阔，“好男儿志在四方”，让我们踏歌而行，看高高的灯塔照亮我们远航的路。（with 结构作状语）_ The frog at the bottom of the well is always blind to the extension of the sky. “Ambitious men aims far.” Lets get started, with the tall lighthouse guiding our long voyage, and with the voice of singing accompanying.必修五Unit 1 Great Scientists-教师 一. 词形变化1 n，科学 adj.科学的 n.科学家2 v宣布 n.宣布 n，广播员，告知者3 v.指导，命令 n.指导，指示 adj.有益的，教育性的4 vt结束，推断出 n结论 5 vt污染 adj受污染的 n 污染 污染物 二.词语辨析 1. character/characteristic n. character 性格，品质 （本身具有的）；角色，人物；字体，字符characteristic 特点，特征（区别于其他事物）【练习】选择character 或characteristic 并用其适当的形式填空 We are building socialism with Chinese _ (character). He finished a novel with 2 million Chinese _(character). He is firm in _ (character).Characteristics characters character2 cure/ treat 治疗，【解释】cure 表示治愈的结果cure sb.of sth.治好某人的疾病a cure for . 治疗的方法/药物treat 表示治疗的过程 treat sb for sth【练习】选择cure 或treat 并用其适当的形式填空 Her son was addicted to the computer games and she had to spend much time cure him_the bad habits. Doctors are searching for a _ H7N9 .1) After being _ for such a long time, the wound _ at last. Keys: of ,cure for 1) treated; cured3 blame/scold 责备【解释】blame 责备；谴责； 归咎于强调对某种可以解释的失误或不良行为的谴责或惩罚：scold 斥责”、“责骂”指大声呵斥，责备，唠唠叨叨地说，常用于长辈对晚辈【练习】1）Dont _ it on him, but on me.2）The parents _ the naughty boy and asked him to leave the home at once.Keys: 1) blame 2) scolded三重点词汇1. defeat vt.打败；战胜；使受挫; n.失败 Do you still remember the two defeats. n We defeated them at the football match yesterday. vt辨析：defeat，beat & windefeat与beat同义，表示“击败对方”，宾语为参赛者或竞争者，如sb.或a team；defeat还可以有“战胜.疾病”之意。win则表示“赢得比赛、战争或某些奖赏或荣誉”，宾语为game，match，prize等，不能接人。运用：用defeat、beat或win填空。 Zhang Jike defeated Wanghao and won the champion at the 2012 London Olympic Games.2. attend v. 1)注意；留意；处理(可与to连用)=do with 2)照看；照料：(可与to连用)=take care; look after 3) 出席；到场：典例 1）Well attend to the problem later 稍后我们将关注那个问题。2）Which doctor is attending (to) you? 哪一个医生为你看病?重点用法 attendance n 出席，出席的人数，伺候，照料 attend school上学attend a lecture/meeting听讲座/出席会议attend a wedding/ceremony出席婚礼/参加典礼练习 汉译英1） 他们在我们不在时管理事务。_2) 他在这个领域很出名，今晚会有成千上万的敬仰者参加他的讲座。_Keys: 1) They attended (to) our affairs during our absence. 2) He is famous in this field, and tens of thousands of fans will attend his lecture this evening.区别 attend (meeting,ceremony,wedding)/join (party ,army,team)/join in/take part in3. expose vt.1)使暴露, 显露 2)曝光 3)揭露expose. to使显露/暴露 be exposed to 招致；暴露于；感染(病)运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。 Those who _ (expose) to bird flu were separated and treated without delay.were exposed Stay at home and dont expose your skin _ the sun. to3）He exposed the plan to the newspapers.他向几家报纸透露了这个计划。4. absorb 1) 吸收 2)使(精神)贯注 3)占用(时间)重点用法 be absorbed in 全神贯注于;热衷于;absorb ones attention吸引某人注意力 当我进来时，他正聚精会神地在看小说。When I entered，he_ a novel 我们可以从外国语言中吸收我们需要的东西。 We can_from foreign languageswas absorbed in readingabsorb what we need1） 颜色丰富的东西总能轻易地吸引孩子们的注意力。_Keys: 1) Things in colour can often absorb childrens attention easily. 5 suspect sb.of .认为某人有的嫌疑suspect sb.to be 怀疑某人是：suspected that. 表示“怀疑其有”；用：用适当的词填空或用所给词的适当形式填空。 He is suspected _ murder.of I suspected him _ (be) the spy. To be What made you suspect her _ having taken the money? of7. Blame vt责备；谴责；归咎于；blame sbfor(doing)sth 因(做)某事而指责某人blame sthon sb 因某事而指责某人sbbe to blame for(doing)sth因(做)某事某人应该受到谴责；注意(无被动形式)。 n责怪；(过失、过错等)责任take/put/bear the blame for 某人对，承担责任练习 汉译英1 i dont blame you for doing that.2 dont blame it on him ,but on me.看来霍乱的流行要归罪于饮用水了._2）这件事谁也不能怨.-两种译法_Keys: 1) It seemed that the water was to blame. 2) Nobody is to blame for it. 7. instruct vt教导; 指示典例 2）The volunteers often go to an orphan home to instruct orphans. in English这些志愿者经常去孤儿之家去教他们英语.3）He was instructed when to start through the email. 他从邮件中得到出发时间的通知4）He was instructed to sail for New York. 他奉命前往纽约。重点用法instruct sb.( in sth.) 教, 教导,传授技能instruct sb. to do; instruct wh-命令, 指示,instruct that-clause通知练习 汉译英2）同时要求孩子们放学后留在教室里._Keys: 2)The children were also instructed not to leave the classroom after class.7. conclude vt.& vi.结束；推断出；决定，作结论派生：conclusion n. 结论，结束conclude sth.from sth.从得出结论 conclude. with 以为结束come to/draw/reach a conclusion 得出结论in conclusion总之，最后(=finally) 总而言之，好公民应该遵守交通规则。_，a good citizen should observe traffic regulations.To conclude/In conclusion8. contribute vi&vt捐助，捐献，贡献；投稿典例1）He contributed to the church他向教会捐款。2）He often contributes to this newspaper他经常向这家报社投稿。3）Cigarette smoking is a major factor contributing to cancer吸烟是导致癌症的主要因素。重点用法 注意: 短语中to为介词； contribution. n. 捐献，贡献；投稿 contributeto 向捐献(投稿) contribute to促成，起作用，有助于 make a contribution totowards向捐赠；对作出贡献四 重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1put forward 提出(建议等)；推荐某人或自己任职位；提名提出(意见、建议)；将，提前，推荐；将表拨快1）He put forward a new plan yesterday他昨天提出一个新计划。2）May I put your name forward as a possible chairman of the committee? 我能否提名你当委员会主席?3） the womens final has been put forward to 2:00 .4） He put his watch forward to avoid being late for meetin