六年级英语复习易错词汇.doc

一、学生易错词汇1、a,an的选择:元音字母开头的单词用an,辅音字母开头的单词用a.2、am,is,are的选择:单数用is,复数用are.I用am,you用are.3、have,has的选择:表示某人有某物.单数用has,复数用have.I,you用have.4、thereis,thereare的选择:表示某地有某物,某人.单数用thereis,复数用thereare.5、some,any的选择:肯定句用some,疑问句和否定句用any.6、疑问词的选择:what(什么)who(谁)where(哪里)whose(谁的)why(为什么)when(什么时候)which(哪一个)howold(多大)howmany(多少)howmuch(多少钱)二、形容词比较级详解当我们需要对事物作出比较时，需要用到比较级。比较级的句子结构通常是：什么+动词be(am，is，are)+形容词比较级+than(比)+什么，如：Imtallerandheavierthanyou。(我比你更高和更重。)Anelephantisbiggerthanatiger。(一只大象比一只老虎更大。)形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的，它的变化规则是：一般的直接在词尾加er，如tall-taller，strong-stronger，以e结尾的，直接加r，如fine-finer，以辅音字母加y结尾的，先改y为i再加er，如funny-funnier双写最后的字母再加er，如big-bigger，thin-thinner，hot-hotter注意比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。典型错误：Myhairislongerthanyou。(我的头发比你更长。)比较的两者是我的头发，你(整个人)，那么比较的对象就没有可比性。应该改为：Myhairislongerthanyours。或Myhairislongerthanyourhair。比较级专项练习：一，从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子heavytalllongbig(1)HowistheYellowRiver?(2)HowisMrGreen.Hes175cm。(3)Howareyourfeet?Iwearsize18。(4)Howisthefish?Its2kg。三、动词过去式详解动词的过去式的构成规则有:A,规则动词一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如worked,learned,cleaned,visited以e结尾的动词直接加d:如lived,danced,used以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如study-studiedcarry-carriedworry-worried(注意play,stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如stoppedB,不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:sing-sang,eat-ate,see-saw,have-had,do-did,go-went,take-took,buy-bought,get-got,read-read,fly-flew,am/is-was,are-were,say-said,leave-left,swim-swam,tell-told,draw-drew,come-came,lose-lost,find-found,drink-drank,hurt-hurt,feel-felt四、动词现在分词详解动词的ing形式的构成规则:一般的直接在后面加上ing,如doing,going,working,singing,eating以e结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing,如having,writing双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running,swimming,sitting,getting五、人称代词与物主代词一、人称代词人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemsheheritit二、物主代词数人称类别单数复数第一第二第三第一第二第三人称人称人称人称人称人称形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs汉语我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他（她、它）们的六、句型专项归类1、肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:Imastudent.Sheisadoctor.Heworksinahospital.Therearefourfansinourclassroom.Hewilleatlunchat12:00.IwatchedTVyesterdayevening.2、否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:Imnotastudent.Sheisnot(isnt)adoctor.Hedoesnot(doesnt)workinahospital.Therearenot(arent)fourfansinourclassroom.Hewillnot(wont)eatlunchat12:00.Ididnot(didnt)watchTVyesterdayevening.注意小结:否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词not.有动词be的句子则not加在be后面,可缩写成isnt,arent,但amnot一般都分开写.没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do,does,did),然后在它后面加上not,你也可以把它们缩写在一起如dont,doesnt,didnt).这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择,其中does只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而did只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用did.3、一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用yes,或no来回答.如:AreyouastudentYes,Iam/No,Imnot.IssheadoctorYes,sheis./No,sheisnt.DoesheworkinahospitalYes,hedoes./No,hedoesnt.AretherefourfansinourclassroomYes,thereare./No,therearent.AreyougoingtobuyacomicbooktonightYes,Iam./No,Iamnot.(Yes,weare./No,wearent.)Willheeatlunchat12:00Yes,Iwill./No,Iwillnot(wont).AretheyswimmingYes,theyare./No,theyarent.DidyouwatchTVyesterdayeveningYes,Idid./No,Ididnt.注意小结:一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上,把动词be调到首位,其他照写,末尾标点符号变成问号即可.没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词(do,does,did)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形,末尾标点符号变成问号即可.这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择,其中does只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而did只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用did.一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致,即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个词是一致的.4,特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what,where,who,which,when,whose,why,how等)开头引导的句子.此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用yes,no来回答.如:WhatisthisItsacomputer.WhatdoeshedoHesadoctor.WhereareyougoingImgoingtoBeijing.WhoplayedfootballwithyouyesterdayafternoonMike.WhichseasondoyoulikebestSummer.WhendoyouusuallygetupIusuallygetupat6:30.WhoseskirtisthisItsAmys.WhydoyoulikespringbestBecauseIcanplanttrees.HowareyouImfine./Imhappy.HowdidyougotoXinjiangIwenttoXinjiangbytrain.其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问,如:howmany(多少(数量),howmuch(多少(钱),howtall(多高),howlong(多长),howbig(多大),howheavy(多重)例句:HowmanypencilsdoyouhaveIhavethreepencils.HowmanygirlscanyouseeIcanseefourgirls.HowmanydesksarethereinyourclassroomThereare51.小结:howmany用来提问可数名词的数量,主要有以上三种句式搭配,Howmany+名词复数+doyouhave你有多少Howmany+名词复数+canyousee你能看见多少Howmany+名词复数+arethere有多少七、完全,缩略形式Im=Iamhes=heisshes=sheistheyre=theyareyoure=youaretheres=thereistheyre=theyarecant=cannotdont=donotdoesnt=doesnotisnt=isnotarent=arenotlets=letuswont=willnotIll=Iwillwasnt=wasnot总结:通常情况下,m即am,s即is(但lets=letus),re即are,nt即not(但cant=cannot)八、小学英语词汇不完全归类表学习用品(schoolthings):pen钢笔pencil铅笔pencil-case铅笔盒ruler尺子book书bag包comicbook漫画书postcard明信片newspaper报纸schoolbag书包eraser橡皮crayon蜡笔sharpener卷笔刀story-book故事书notebook笔记本Chinesebook语文书Englishbook英语书mathbook数学书magazine杂志dictionary词典人体(body):foot脚head头face脸hair头发nose鼻子mouth嘴eye眼睛ear耳朵arm手臂hand手finger手指leg腿tail尾巴颜色(colours):red红blue蓝yellow黄green绿white白black黑pink粉红purple紫orange橙brown棕动物(animals):cat猫dog狗pig猪duck鸭rabbit兔horse马elephant大象ant蚂蚁fish鱼bird鸟eagle鹰beaver海狸snake蛇mouse老鼠squirrel松鼠kangaroo袋鼠monkey猴panda熊猫bear熊lion狮子tiger老虎fox狐狸zebra斑马deer鹿giraffe长颈鹿goose鹅hen母鸡turkey火鸡lamb小羊sheep绵羊goat山羊cow奶牛donkey驴squid鱿鱼lobster龙虾shark鲨鱼seal海豹spermwhale抹香鲸killerwhale虎鲸人物(people):friend朋友boy男孩girl女孩mother母亲father父亲sister姐妹brother兄弟uncle叔叔;舅舅man男人woman女人Mr.先生Miss小姐lady女士;小姐mom妈妈dad爸爸parents父母grandparents祖父母grandma/grandmother(外)祖母grandpa/grandfather(外)祖父aunt姑姑cousin堂(表)兄弟;堂(表)姐妹son儿子daughter女儿baby婴儿kid小孩classmate同学queen女王visitor参观者neighbour邻居principal校长universitystudent大学生penpal笔友tourist旅行者people人物robot机器人职业(jobs):teacher教师student学生doctor医生nurse护士driver司机farmer农民singer歌唱家writer作家actor男演员actress女演员artist画家TVreporter电视台记者engineer工程师accountant会计policeman(男)警察salesperson销售员cleaner清洁工baseballplayer棒球运动员assistant售货员police警察食品,饮料(food&drink):rice米饭bread面包beef牛肉milk牛奶water水egg蛋fish鱼tofu豆腐cake蛋糕hotdog热狗hamburger汉堡包Frenchfries炸薯条cookie曲奇biscuit饼干jam果酱noodles面条meat肉chicken鸡肉pork猪肉mutton羊肉vegetable蔬菜salad沙拉soup汤ice冰ice-cream冰淇淋Coke可乐juice果汁tea茶coffee咖啡breakfast早餐lunch午餐dinner/supper晚餐meal一餐水果,蔬菜(fruit&vegetables):apple苹果banana香蕉pear梨orange橙watermelon西瓜grape葡萄eggplant茄子greenbeans青豆tomato西红柿potato土豆peach桃strawberry草莓cucumber黄瓜onion洋葱carrot胡萝卜cabbage卷心菜衣服(clothes):jacket夹克衫shirt衬衫T-shirt丅恤衫skirt短裙子dress连衣裙jeans牛仔裤pants长裤socks袜子shoes鞋子sweater毛衣coat上衣raincoat雨衣shorts短裤sneakers网球鞋slippers拖鞋sandals凉鞋boots靴子hat(有沿的)帽子cap便帽sunglasses太阳镜tie领带scarf围巾gloves手套trousers裤子cloth布交通工具(vehicles):bike自行车bus公共汽车train火车boat小船ship轮船yacht快艇car小汽车taxi出租车jeep吉普车van小货车;面包车plane/airplane飞机subway/underground地铁motorcycle摩托车杂物(otherthings):window窗户door门desk课桌chair椅子bed床computer计算机board写字板fan风扇light灯teachersdesk讲台picture图画;照片wall墙壁floor地板curtain窗帘trashbin垃圾箱closet壁橱mirror镜子endtable床头柜football/soccer足球present礼物walkman随身听lamp台灯phone电话sofa沙发shelf书架fridge冰箱table桌子TV电视air-conditioner空调key钥匙lock锁photo照片chart图表plate盘子knife刀fork叉spoon勺子chopsticks筷子pot锅gift礼物toy玩具doll洋娃娃ball球balloon气球kite风筝jigsawpuzzle拼图游戏box盒子umbrella伞zipper拉链violin小提琴yo-yo溜溜球nest鸟窝hole洞tube管子toothbrush牙刷menu菜单e-card电子卡片e-mail电子邮件trafficlight交通灯money钱medicine药地点(locations):home家room房间bedroom卧室bathroom卫生间livingroom起居室kitchen厨房classroom教室school学校park公园library图书馆postoffice邮局policeoffice警察局hospital医院cinema电影院bookstore书店farm农场zoo动物园garden花园study书房playground操场canteen食堂teachersoffice教师办公室library图书馆gym体育馆washroom卫生间artroom绘画教室computerroom计算机教室musicroom音乐教室TVroom电视机房flat公寓company公司factory工厂fruitstand水果摊petshop宠物商店naturepark自然公园themepark主题公园sciencemuseum科学博物馆theGreatWall长城supermarket超市bank银行country国家village乡村city城市hometown家乡busstop公交车站课程(classes):sports体育运动science科学MoralEducation思想品德课SocialStudies社会课Chinese语文math数学PE体育课English英语课国家,城市(countries&cities):China/PRC中国America/USA美国UK联合王国England英国Canada/CAN加拿大Australia澳大利亚NewYork纽约London伦敦Sydney悉尼Moscow莫斯科Cairo开罗气象(weather):cold寒冷的warm温暖的cool凉爽的snowy下雪的sunny晴朗的hot炎热的rainy下雨的windy有风的cloudy多云的weatherreport天气预报景物(nature):river河流lake湖泊stream河;溪forest森林path小道road公路house房子bridge桥building建筑物rain雨cloud云sun太阳mountain山sky天空rainbow彩虹wind风air空气moon月亮植物(plants):flower花grass草tree树seed种子sprout苗plant植物rose玫瑰leaf叶子星期(week):Monday星期一Tuesday星期二Wednesday星期三Thursday星期四Friday星期五Saturday星期六Sunday星期天weekend周末月份(months):Jan.(January)一月Feb.(February)二月Mar.(March)三月April四月May五月June六月July七月Aug.(August)八月Sept.(September)九月Oct.(October)十月Nov.(November)十一月Dec.(December)十二月季节(seasons):spring春summer夏fall/autumn秋winter冬方位(directions):south南north北east东west西left左边right右边患病(illness):haveafever发烧hurt疼痛haveacold感冒haveatoothache牙疼haveaheadache头疼haveasorethroat喉咙疼数词(numbers):one一two二three三four四five五six六seven七eight八nine九ten十eleven十一twelve十二thirteen十三fourteen十四fifteen十五sixteen十六seventeen十七eighteen十八nineteen十九twenty二十thirty三十forty四十fifty五十sixty六十seventy七十eighty八十ninety九十forty-two四十二hundred百one/ahundredandthirty-six一百三十六first第一second第二third第三fourth第四fifth第五eighth第八ninth第九twelfth第十二twentieth第二十thirtieth第三十fortieth第四十fiftieth第五十sixtieth第六十seventieth第七十eightieth第八十ninetieth第九十fifty-sixth第五十六形容词(adj.):big大的small小的long长的tall高的short短的;矮的young年轻的old旧的;老的strong健壮的thin瘦的active积极活跃的quiet安静的nice好看的kind和蔼亲切的strict严格的smart聪明的funny滑稽可笑的tasty好吃的sweet甜的salty咸的sour酸的fresh新鲜的favourite最喜爱的clean干净的tired疲劳的excited兴奋的angry生气的happy高兴的bored无聊的sad忧愁的taller更高的shorter更矮的stronger更强壮的older年龄更大的younger更年轻的bigger更大的heavier更重的longer更长的thinner更瘦的smaller更小的good好的fine好的great很好的heavy重的new新的fat胖的happy快乐的right对的hungry饥饿的cute逗人喜爱的little小的lovely可爱的beautiful漂亮的colourful色彩鲜艳的pretty漂亮的cheap便宜的expensive昂贵的juicy多汁的tender嫩的healthy健康的ill有病的helpful有帮助的high高的easy简单的proud骄傲的sick有病的better更好的higher更高的介词(prep.):in在里on在上;在时候under在下面near在的旁边behind在后边nextto与相邻over在上面infrontof在前面代词(pron.):I我we我们you你;你们he他she她it它they他(她,它)们my我的our我们的your你的;你们的his他的her她的动词(v.):play(.ed)玩;踢swim(swam)游泳skate滑冰fly(flew)飞jump跳walk走run(ran)跑climb爬fight(fought)打架swing(swung)荡eat(ate)吃sleep(slept)睡觉like像,喜欢have(had)有;吃turn转弯buy(bought)买take(took)买;带live居住teach(taught)教go(went)去study(studied)学习learn学习sing(sang)唱歌dance跳舞row划do(did)做dohomework做作业dohousework做家务watchTV看电视read(read)books读书cookthemeals做饭watertheflowers浇花sweep(swept)thefloor扫地cleanthebedroom打扫卧室make(made)thebed铺床set(set)thetable摆饭桌washtheclothes洗衣服dothedishes洗碗碟useacomputer使用计算机domorningexercises晨练;做广播操eatbreakfast吃早饭eatdinner吃晚饭gotoschool上学haveEnglishclass上英