英语单位名词短语搭配.doc

浅谈英语单位词的分类与比较一 指事物形状的单位词： 1 条状，块状 bar 较规则形状的长方块，长方条 例：a bar of chocolate/soap/goad/iron/candy block 大块的木头/金属/石头等，常指至少有一面是平面的块。 例： a block of ice(海中漂的大块冰)/marble cake 规则的方块，形似切好的方块蛋糕 例：a cake of soap/ice（冰冻而成的规则冰块） lump 无固定形状的块状 例：a lump of sugar( 散装的糖结成的块)/earth/coal loaf 规则形状的大长方块，常指未切片的大块长面包或腌肉 例：a loaf of bread/bacon grain 细小的颗粒 例：a grain of salt/sand strip 狭长的一块，常指土地或布等材料的形状 例：a strip of land/cloth 2 片状，薄页状 piece 从大的物体上分离下来的薄片状或一小段，一小截，也用来说明抽象名词的数，如一条新闻，建议等。 例： a piece of bread/paper/ sheet 原意指床单，用作单位词指床单状相似的薄片状物体 例： a sheet of paper slice 从事物上切下来的薄片 例：a slice of bread/bacon blade 原意指刀锋，作单位词指刀片状的狭长且薄的物体 例：a blade of grass cut 原作动词切，作单位词指用刀切一下产生的量 例： a cut of meat 3其他形状（都与单位词原始意义相关） ear 植物长出的一部分，如人体与人耳的关系 例：an ear of corn/barley/millet/wheat drop 水滴状（指液体） 例：a drop of blood/water/oil/rain flight 排列有序的一段/一溜/队 例：a flight of stairs/steps/arrows speck 斑点状大小 例：a speck of ink/dirt stick 细长如短棍状 例：a stick of chalk/candle 二 指按事物排列置放方式的单位词： bunch 一串/伙 指同一性质的事物串在一起的量 例：a bunch of keys/grapes/bananas bundle 一捆/扎 指事物被绑缚在一起的量 例： a bundle of clothes/straw/sticks cluster 一簇/团 指丛生的植物或密密匝匝在一起的群 例：a cluster of flowers/bees/islands packet 一小包的量 例：a packet of cigarettes series 相关的事物组成的一个系列 例：a series of films/lectures tuft 一绺/撮，常指从同一底部而生的物 例：a tuft of hair/grass/feathers 三 与人相关的群的表达单位词： group 泛指各种群体 例：a group of people army 为了某一目的自愿组成的团体 例：an army of volunteers/soldiers band 常指为同一目的组成的乐队 例： a band of musicians bunch 一伙干坏事的人 例： a bunch of rascals gang 一帮/伙犯罪团伙 例： a gang of thieves batch 指一批加入的成员 例：a batch of recruits bench 常指一条长椅坐满的人的数 例：a bench of examiners/judges board 常指会议或委员会全班人马或全体委员 例： a board of directors choir 常指合唱团或唱诗班 例： a choir of singers congregation 常指定期的宗教性质的集会 例： a congregation of prayers crew 常指在一条船上或同一飞机上的工作人员 例： a crew of sailors crowd 常指拥挤的人群 例：a crowd of people mob 常指混乱无秩序的暴动的人群 例：a mob of demonstrators pack 一伙（贬义） 例： a pack of thieves party 指出席晚会的所有来宾 例： a party of guests staff 常指一个单位所有的员工 例： a staff of teachers team 常指参赛的团队 例：a team of players troop 常指行军中的队伍 例：a troop of soldiers troupe 常指演出的班子，团队，尤指芭蕾舞团，马戏团 例： a troupe of actors/dancers 四 与动物相关的群的表达单位词： brood 一窝孵出的幼小动物 例：a brood of chickens litter 一窝胎生的幼小动物 例： a litter of puppies/little pigs swarm 大量的移动中的鸟类或昆虫，尤指蜂王后跟随的蜂群 例： a swarm of bees bevy 唧唧喳喳的聚集在一起的大的群体 例： a bevy of birds cluster 密密匝匝聚集在一堆的群 例： a cluster of bees/ants flock 同一种类的禽类或兽类 例： a flock of birds/sheep herd 放牧的动物群或群聚生存的动物群 例：a herd of cattle/deer pack 野兽的群体 例： a pack of wolves shoal/school 尤指鱼群 例：a shoal/school of fish field 遍地的分散的群 例：a field of cattle 五 指盛装事物的容积的单位词： bottle 细长的有颈的瓶子盛的量 例：a bottle of milk/wine cup 矮的瓷杯，有耳的杯子，常用来盛咖啡或茶的杯子的量 例：a cup of tea/coffee glass 常用来盛水或酒的玻璃杯的量 例：a glass of water/wine can/tin 常指铝质的装食品或饮料的罐的量 例：a can of food/a tin of peas bucket 常指有提手的小提桶的量 例：a bucket of water/sand bowl 一碗所盛的量 例：a bowl of rice/soup jar 常指陶制的坛子或罐子 例：a jar of strawberry jam truckload/trainload 一卡车或一火车所装载的量 例：a trainload of goods/coal 六 其它方式或状态的单位词： fit 常指轻微的疾病如咳嗽的突发，较短暂，也指抑制不住的强烈的感情，冲动 例：a fit of temper/coughing/laughter peal 常指发出的大而宏亮的声音 例：a peal of thunder/laughter/lightning burst 常指突发的短暂而巨大的潜力或作的努力 例：a burst of cry/speed/energy flash 常指如闪电般迅速短暂的一瞬 例：a flash of lightning/light ray 一道/线，常指好事或所希望的事出现的点滴迹 例：a ray of hope/sunshine/comfort roll 常指滚滚的大的声音 例：a roll of thunder常见的英语单位名词短语搭配1) Personsan army of workmen/assistants/unemployed mena group/crowd/throng/multitude/concourse/people/savages/girls/journalistsa galaxy of beauties/talents/film starsa gang of workers/slaves/prisoners/thieves/robbers/devils/swimmers/ convicts/criminalsa mob of thieves/rioters/hooligans/gangsters/angry womena posse of policea party of soldiers/touristsa band of robbers/gangsters/fugitives/Gypsies/bandits/a bench of scholars/bishops/judgesa board of directorsa crowd of people/ school children/boys/players/spectators/applicantsa college of translatorsa cloud of horsemena couple of partners/playersa regiment of soldiersa troop of dancers/actors/horsemen/soldiers/welcomes/demonstrators/a horde of savagesa tribe of Arabsa mass of children/peoplea pack of thieves/a set of people/friends2)Thingsa bag of candy/money/groceries a ball of fire/wool/string/paper a bale of alfalfa/cotton/hay/papera bar of chocolate/iron/gold/soap/light/a batch of bread/goods/caps/documents/books/letters/breada belt of trees a block of ice/marble/wood a bouquet of flowers a bowl/sack of rice a box of chocolate/biscuits /matches/chocolates a bucket of milk/water/gasoline/a bunch of grapes/keys/flowers/straw/chopsticks/dried noodles/bananasa bundle of hay/sticks/shirts/firewood/straw/sticks/newspapers/magazines/ clothesa burst of flames/tears/blood/energy/strength/sobbing/laughter/applause/energy/ sympathy/smoke/hail/thunder/gunfire/bomba cake of soap/ice/clay/mud/tobaccoa can of fish/oil/fruit/beer/tomatoes a case of pins/pencils/soda/Chinese porcelain/preserved apricots a cask of wine/beer/honey a chain of mountains/events/strikes/thoughts/errors a chest of drawers a cloud of smoke a clump of trees/bushes/grasses/lilac/a cluster of houses/buildings/flowers/grapes/stars/grass/curlsa clutch of eggs a coat of sugar/was/dust/ice/dirt/paint/ a collection of stamps/specimens/essays a colligation of relics/curiositiesa couple of days a cloud of dust/smoke/blood a cup of tea/milk/sugar a drop of oil/water/blood/rain/tear/dew/sweat a field of snow/corn/ice/rice/wheat a fit of pain/coughing/dizziness/rage/energy/madness/temper/despair/ a fleet of cars/ships/craft/buses/taxis/trucks/planesa flight of steps/stairs/airplanes/arrow/imagination/fancy a flood of rain/light/tears/angera galaxy of stars a glass of beer/water/milk a grain of salt/rice/sand/gold/wheat a grove of treesa gush of flood/water/oil/heat/enthusiasm/interest/laughter/angera gust of wind/rain/smoke/fire/ragea hail of curse/blows/bullets/stonesa handful of earth/rice/candy/seeds/peanuts/beans/sanda heap of stones/sand/snow/rubbish/stone/earth/manure/building material a host of activities a huddle of houses a kind of matter/fruit/power/tea/ a layer of rock/bricks/clay/raw coal/stone/sand/paint/dust/snow/clouds a line of people/trees/chairs/houses/desks a load of cargo/vegetables/grave/wood/hay/fuel/sand a loaf of bread a lump of sugar/clay/bread/gold/lead a mass of snow/stone/letters/ice/dough/ore/earth/clouds/color/sand/ trees/green a mountain of debts/letters/problems/products/records a mouthful of water/soup/bread/fresh air/ a nest of beakers a pang of headache/toothache/hunger a pail of water/milk a pair of vases/ear-rings/pillows/sofas/dancers/gloves/braces/glasses/ compasses a pack (packet) of cards/lies/troubles/cars/artillery/tea/sesame/strawberries needles/sweets/medicine powder/cigarettes a package of cigarettes/towels/razor blades a patch of ground/grass garden/plastic/earth/cloud/sunlighta peal of bells a period of good time/history/wonderful youth a piece of paper/news/advice/furniture/meat/butter/bread/cloth/ music/steel/land/wood/coal/log/board/thread/evidence/leather/ice /glass/water/ a pile of clothes/stones/books/letters/logs/bricks/grass/grain/newspaper/ papers a pinch of salt/soda/sesames a pipe of crude petroleum/vegetable oil a plate of fruit/fish/beef/meat a puff of wind/hot air/vapor/dust/wet steam/smoke/wool/breeze a pound of beef a pot of water/candy/beans/jama quiver of arrows a range of mountains a roll of film a rope of pearls a row of trees/seats/willows/house/books/soldiers a rush of wind/sympathy/tense work/dizziness/ a sea of clouds/soap bubbles/troubles/work/difficulties/flame/blood/cheers/flowers a series of events/experiments/victories/storms/contests/explosions/ earthquakes a set of false teeth/rooms/furniture/works/cards/chess/notebooks/buttons/stamps/plates/ spoons/rules/drawers/bedding/furniture/tools/idea/stories/policies a section of railway/pipe/essay/legenda sack of potatoes/grain/flour/toys/cement/rice a sheet of ice/frost/glass/tin/leather/water/snow a sheaf of grain/wheat/arrows a shoal of facts a shower of sparks/abuse/applause a sip of tea/wine/brandy/lemonade a slice of cucumber/bread/meat/beef a spasm of coughing/excitement/pain/laughter/temper/ grief/sobs/industry a spell of cold weather/coughing/dizziness a stack of hay/straw/newspapers/wood/books/pies/dishes a stretch of road/time/pipeline/wire/day/journey/speech/land/open country/plain/scenery/water a peck of dirty/interest/cream/dust/truth/gold a sort of noise/inspiration/awe/love/material a stack of books/newspaper/dishes bowls/paper a stack of corn/wood/arms a steam of cars/insults/abuse/curse/ a stream of blood/hot air/spring watera string of beads/ pearls/lies/curse/prayers/complaints/excuses/questions/ cars/groan a sum of money a suck of wine/tea/smoke/milk a suit of sails/clothes/ a suite of rooms/suite of apartments/ a wallow of water/beer/soda/brandy/a team of players a tract of grass a trace of humor/smile/sadness/ a thread of light a type of tobacco/rash/layout/pump/3) Birdsa bevy of goose a brood of chickens/birds/chicks a cloud of birds/mosquitoes/flies/locusts/insects a cost of hawks a covey of partridges（鹌鹑）a desert of lapwings a dove of turkeys a fall of woodcocks a fight of doves/ birds/bees/sparrows/pigeons/ducks/swallow/cars/shi