人教版八年级上册英语unit8详细知识点.doc

人教版八年级上册英语unit8详细知识点Grammar: 可数名词与不可数名词；祈使句 Topic: 描述制作过程；遵循指令做事 1. a piece of 一片/张/段/条/根/幅/首 2. one by one 一个接一个；逐个；依次3. a cup of yogurt 一杯酸奶 4. traditional food 传统的食物 5. the main dish 主菜6. at a very high temperature 用高温 7. take ones temperature 量某人的体温8. add some salt to the soup 往汤里加点盐 add to . 把加到上/里面9. pour into 把倒入/灌入 10. make a list of 列一份 清单11. put the corn into the popcorn machine 把玉米放入爆米花机里 putinto把放入12. rice noodles 米粉 13. another 10 minutes = 10 more minutes 又/再十分钟14. Let me think（） : 让我想一想 Let me see= Lets see. 让我想想看15. peel three bananas. 剥三根香蕉 16. dig/dug a hole 挖坑 17. FirstNextThenFinally 首先接下来然后.最后18. Thats it. 表示某事了结、停止、结束 19.one more thing = another one thing还有一件事20.in a different way 用一种不同的方式 21. mix together 混合到一起。22. take out a book from the library = take a book out of the library 从图书馆里借出一本书23. How do you make a banana milk shake? 你怎样制作一份香蕉奶昔? shake/shook (n)摇动；抖动： Give the bottle a good shake. 好好地摇一下瓶子。 (v) （使）摇动/颤抖：Shake the bottle before drinking. 抖落: He shook the snow off his coat at the door. shake hands 握手 shake ones head 摇头 for a shake 一瞬间 24. Turn on the blender. 打开搅拌器。 turn on：打开（电、煤气、水等） Will you please turn on the light? Its too dark. turn off: 关掉（电、煤气、水等） Please turn the light off when you leave the building. turn up: 调高（音量等） I cant hear clearly, please turn up the radio. 出现 If he doesnt turn up in ten minutes, well have to go. turn down: 调低（音量等）：Please turn down the TV when Im talking on the phone. 拒绝 She turned down his invitation. 25. cut up the bananas. 把香蕉切碎。cut：(n)切口；伤口；(v) 切,割,剪,砍,削等 cut into ：把切成 cut the turkey into pieces.cut off： 切断；中断 He almost cut off his finger while working. cut up 切碎；剁碎 cut the onion up in small pieces. 伤害；折磨： He was cut up badly when he fell off his bike. cut down：砍倒；削减 They cut down the old trees in order to build a new factory.22. A: How much yogurt do we need? B: We need one cup of yogurt.1). how many: 多少 + 可数名词： how many watermelons do you need?how much 多少 + 不可数名词： How much cheese/sugar do we need? 多少钱= Whatd the price of? How much is the butter? 2). (n) : Theres no need for you to hurry. 你没有必要慌张。 need Sb. need sth. She needs help. (v实) Sb. need to do sth. You need to get it back tomorrow. 需要； Sth. need doing = sth. need to be done. The bike needs repairing. 必须 (v情: ) 用于否定和疑问: You neednt tell me. 你没有必要告诉我。 Need I go there? Yes, you must./have to. No, you neednt. in need of: 需要 at need: 在紧急时23. Next,fill the turkey with this bread mix. 接下来,把这个面包混合物填充到火鸡里。fill 使充满；装满: fill A with B = A be filled with B = A be full of B 1). Fill the bottle with water. = The bottle is filled with / is full of water. 占据,胜任(职位；工作) : She is the best person to fill this kind of job. (n)混合物(=mixture)；食品混合干配料 a cake mix mix 使掺和；使混合： She mixes the flour and milk together. 2). mixwith: 把与调在一起 He mixed red paint with yellow paint. （v） mix into: 把掺在里面 She mixed some salt into the soup. 调制： mix salad 拌色拉24. When it is ready, place the turkey on a large plate and cover it with gravy. cover (n) 盖子；封面；罩： The book has a blue cover. 覆盖；遮盖： cover with = be covered with(v) She covered the table with a cloth. = The table was covered with a cloth. 掩饰；隐瞒 Jim tried to cover his mistake with a joke.25. Finally, serve it to your friends with some vegetables. 最后,与其它食物一起端出来供朋友使用。serve 为服务/工作/效力： serve people. 接待；服侍（顾客）：Are you being served? 你点过菜了吗？/有人接待你吗？ 端出（食物）；伺候进餐：serve the fish to the guests. 26. Now, its time to enjoy the rice noodles! 现在,到了享用米粉的时候了。Its time for sth. : Its time for supper. to do sth. Its time to have supper 是的时候了 for sb. to do sth. Its time for you to get up. 可数名词与不可数名词 1.可数名词-可数名词指物体的数量可数。其单数形式可在名词前加a或an,表示“一个”,如：abanana。其复数形式要在词尾加s或es（特殊情况除外）,如：twobananas。 名词复数的不规则变化： man-men woman-women policeman（男警察）-policemen policewoman（女警察）-policewomen mouse-mice child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth fish-fish sheep-sheep deer -deer people-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese 1）以f(e)结尾的名词变复数 leafleaves halfhalves wifewives knifeknives shelfshelves wolfwolves thiefthieves 2） 以o结尾的: hero, Negro, tomato,potato + es; 其他的都加s：radio,zoo。 表示“某国人”的名词变复数 中日不变英法变,其他-s加后面。 Chinese, Japanese, Englishman, Frenchman, American, Australian, German 2.不可数名词-不可数名词指物体的数量不可数。不可数名词没有单复数之分,也不能在词前直接加冠词a或an。表示不可数名词的数量时可在不可数名词前加相应的数量词构成短语。如：apieceof,aglassof,abottleof.,abagof,ateaspoonof等。二1既可修饰可数名词也可修饰：all, some, most, a lot of, lots of, plenty of 2修饰可数名词的词有：数词（one.）, few, a few, many, a number of, numbers of. 3. 修饰不可数名词的词有：little, a little, a bit of, much, a great deal of, a large amount of4. 不可数名词通常用“数词+量词+of+不可数名词”表示复数： three pieces of paper 祈使句 一 定义：祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语you常省略,谓语动词用原形,句末用感叹号或句号,读降调。二结构： 1. 肯定的祈使句：动词原形+其他 Stand up, please. Be careful! 2否定的祈使句: 1). Dont + 动词原形 Dont laugh at others. 2). Never do sth. Never do that again! 3). No + v-ing/n. No smoking! No noise, please. 4). Lets not do sth. Lets not waste time. 5). Dont let sb. do sth. Dont let them make any noise.Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?一、词汇积累1. milk shake 奶昔 shake v. & n. 摇动,抖动 shake hands with sb./ shake ones hands 与某人握手2. turn on 打开 反义词：turn off 关上 turn up 调大,开大音量 反义词：turn down 调低音量 易错点：遇到动词加副词,要符合以下原则：动词加副词,名词两边放,代词放中间。 e.g. turn on the radio = turn the radio on,但是 turn it on 不能说 turn on it3. cut up 切碎 过去式：cut, 过去分词：cut cut up = cut into pieces 切成碎片 cut into halves 切成两半4. make v. 制作,做 make sth. For sb. = make sb. sth. 为某人做某物 与make 的一些搭配：make friends 交朋友 make a mistake/ mistakes 犯错误 make tea 沏茶 v. 使役动词 “使” make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 make sb./ sth. + adj. 使某人/ 某物5. need v. & n. 需要 v. need sth. 需要某物 need to do sth. 需要做某事 n. He cant meet all your need.作情态动词“需要”,后面用动词原形,常用于否定和疑问句中： e.g. You neednt finish your work now. -Need I go there with him? -Yes, you must./ No, you neednt.6. another adj. & pron. 另一,再一 e.g. Can I have another cake? (another 作形容词) Give me another. (another 作代词) 注意：another 与 one more 意思相同,表示另外几个时,another 后面接相应的数词,而 one more 中的“one”也改为相应的数词。 e.g. I want to buy another three pencils. = I want to buy three more pencils.7. forget v. 忘记 反义词：remember 记得 forget sth./ sb. 忘记某事/ 某人 forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事（事情未做） forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事（事情已做）常会遇到一个词“leave”,也可表“遗忘” leave sth. at/ in/ on + 某地 把某物忘记在8. like v. & n. & prep. 喜欢；喜好；像 v. like sth./ sb. like to do sth./ like doing sth. 喜欢做某事 n. likes and dislikes 喜好 反义词：dislike prep. 像 反义词：unlike9. traditional adj. 传统的 tradition + al traditional n. + al adj.10. a time to 的时间Its time to do sth. 到了该做的时候了 Its time for sth./ doing sth.11. give thanks for 为表达谢意 Thanks for doing sth. = Thanks for sth.12. remember v. 记得,记起,回想起 remember sth./ sb. 记得某事/ 某人remember to do sth. 记得去做某事（事情未做） remember doing sth. 记得做过某事（事情已做） remember me to sb. 代我问候某人13. traveler = traveller 漂泊者,旅行者,游客= tourist 旅游者,观光者14. celebrate v. 庆祝,庆贺 celebrate ones birthday/ 节日/ 胜利 celebration n. 庆祝15. mix with 把A 和B混在一起 be mixed with (被动语态)16. fill with 用填充 be filled with = be full of be filled with(被动语态)A is filled with B A被B填满 （动作） A is full of B A充满着B （状态） 17. cover with 用遮盖 cover sth. with sth. be covered with 被某物覆盖 （被动语态）18. serve v. 服务,提供 serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb. 提供某人某物 serve sb. 为某人工作 serve service(n.) servant(佣人)19. temperature n. 温度,气温,体温 （既可作可数名词,又可作不可数名词） get/ have a temperature = get/ have a fever 发烧 take ones temperature 试体温,量体温20. the reason for 是的原因（理由） the reason to do 有理由干某事21. to make this special food 不定式做目的状语 e.g. The doctor did what he could to save the injured girl. （表目的） to do 还可在句中作后置定语 e.g. I have a lot of work to do.Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?本单元的话题：描述做事情的顺序和过程。（First首先,Next下面,Then然后,Finally最后）本单元的语法：复习一般现在时。本单元的短语和知识点：1(P57,1a) turn on打开 turn up调大 turn off关上 turn down调小Please turn on the lights.请打开灯。My father is sleeping,please turn down the radio.爸爸正在睡觉,请把收音机声音调小。2. (P58,2a) How many+可数名词复数：多少 How much+不可数名词：多少He has eight books.他有八本书。How many books does he have?他有多少本书？How mu