形容词副词用法归纳.doc

形容词和副词用法&广东高考一、形容词1. 形容词的位置:修饰语一般应置于被修饰语之前注意:在下列情况下，修饰语应置于被修饰的名词后：（1）something, anything, nothing everything形容词。 Eg: Theres nothing wrong with the electric cooker.（2）作定语用的分词短语 Eg: They live in a village called Gum Tree. 2. 形容词在句子中的成分 (1). 在名词之前修饰名词, 作定语. Eg: a. There are many beautiful flowers in the park. b. We saw a moving film. (2). 在be动词后,或者系动词 feel, look, sound, taste, smell, seem后，作表语. Eg: a. Our school is new and big. b. The milk smells terrible, it seems bad。 (3) 在宾语后作宾语补足语.: think/find/ feel/ make + it （形宾）+ adj. +真正的宾语 Eg: a. We all think it terrible to go through such an experience.b. He often makes his mother angry. 3. 在英语中有些表示“使人.”的动词，把其变成现在分词或过去分词当形容词使用。其中现在分词ing形式表示 “令人” 修饰物；过去副词ed形式修饰人（被动），这一类动词如下： Interest, excite, thrill, surprise, shock, amaze,astonish, amuse, please, annoy, confuse, upset, concern, worry, move, touch, satisfy, disappoint, inspire, encourage, etc.归纳：u a/ an/ the + 形容词 + 名词u be / 系动词（look/sound/ taste/ smell/ feel / seem/stay/ keep.）+ 形容词u 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 形容词（宾补）*语法填空中考查形容词时，多是考查派生词，即：名词或动词后加词缀变化成形容词。EX: Fill in the blanks with the right form of the given words.1. That would be a very _(reason) thing to do in a big city.2. Mary felt _(please) because there were many emtpy seats in the room.3. This proverb is saying we habve to let things go in their _(nature) course.4. It was a little far to her car and it was a _(fog) day yesterday. 5. The _(busy) time is aroudn the Spring Festival.6. The organization organizes _(week) programs at the Skateistan Cambodia.7. Asimovs books cover _(vary) topics in science.8. The terrible film made the girl stay _(wake) all the night.9. Her mother looked _(worry) and she sat still there for a long time.10. People are very _(friend) and always welcome visitors all over the world. 二、副词 1、副词的位置及作用：通常作状语， 可修饰动词，形容词或整个句子。 Eg: a. The boy is reading a story book attentively. b. He is increasingly interested in Chinese culture. c. Surprisingly, Song Yan quitted the race because of illness. d. Chinese is widely learned all over the world with the development of China.归纳：u .动词。+ 副词u 副词 + 形容词 u 副词 + 表语 （名词、副词、介词短语，句子。）u 副词（句首） + 整个句子注意： 1.形容词加后缀如ly变为副词, 如happy- happily, careful-carefully。 * 以le结尾的形容词变副词时，直接把变为y: gentle-gently smiple-smiply 2. 有些副词与形容词同行形， 如early, high, long, fast, hard等。3. 有些-ly结尾的词不是副词而是形容词，如lovely, friendly, lonely等。* 语法填空中考查形容词加后缀ly变成副词， 短文改错中考查形容词和副词的错用，即: 该用形容词而用了副词，该用副词而用了形容词 如: quickquickly , easy-easily, luckyluckily, , safe-safely Ex: 用所给单词的正确形式填空.1. This maths problem is very _. All of us can work it out _(easy).2. How _you look today ! -Yes, I had a birthday very _.(happy)3. Look! The wind is blowing _. Thats a _wind. (strong).4. -What a _student he is! -Yeah. He studies _in his class. (hard)5. In North China, there was _snow last Friday. It often snows _in winter there. (heavy)6. The old man is _ill. He has got a _disease. (terrible)7. Wang Mei is so _. She entered the final match _.(luck)8. Her voice sounds _. She sings all kinds of songs _. (beautiful)9. It was raining _when I finished the work yesterday. (heavy)10. The boy runs so _that nobody else can catch up with him. (fast)11. Mr. Li was _hurt, whats more, he has got a _cold. (bad)12. Betty did _in the singing competition because shes _at singing.(good)13. The old farmer is _with farmwork. He often work _in the fields. (busy)14. Keep _in the reading-room. So many students are reading _there.(quiet)15. The girl behaved _(bad) at the party, and she cried _(sad)16. I am not so _as my sister on study. She always studies_. (care)17. They climbed up to the mountain _. That was _work.(difficult)18. These persons live _. They are _from each other. (different)19. What _wind ! It was blowing _all the night. (strong)20. _food can make us live _. (health)21. Its _for them to catch the bus. They will _win the match.(possible) 22. Its _work. All of us can finish it _. (easy)23. The kite is flying _in the sky. I can jump very _. (high)24. Her house is _from the hospital. The boy jumps_. (far)25. We lead _lives nowadays. All of them played outside _. (happy)26. Who was _today ? why does she often come _. (late)27. She was _welcomed. They gave a _welcome. (warm)28. The woman looks _. Shes _to everyone. (friend)29. How _she plays the piano ! She is a _ pianoist .(good)30. My father often leave home _to catch the _bus. ( early)三、形容词,副词的比较等级: 分为原级, 比较级, 最高级A. 形容词, 副词比较级和最高级的规则变化如下表：构 成 法原 级比较级最高级1、单音节词末尾加-er和-est great greatergreatest2、闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er和-estbig hot biggerhotterbiggesthottest3、以辅音字母加-y,-结尾的双音节词 ，y变为i，再加-er和-est。happy easyhappiereasierhappiesteasiest4、多音节词皆在前面加单词more和most.difficult more difficultmost difficultB.形容词,副词比较等级部分不规则变化表原 级比 较 级最 高 级原 级比 较 级最 高 级good/wellbetterbestfarfarther furtherfarthest furthestbad / illworseworstoldolder elderoldest eldestmany/ muchmoremostlatelatter laterlatest lastlittle lessleastC.形容词、副词比较等级的基本用法1. 比较级常用于以下结构.A. “A.比较级than B ” 结构.表示 “ A 比B 更.” EG: Bill jumps higher than Tom.B. which / who , +比较级, A or B ? 表示 “ 哪一个/ 谁更 A 还是B?” C.两个人或物比较时，定冠词the比较级表示最高级。a. He is the taller of the two.他是两个中个高点的.b. This book is the newer of the two. 这本书是两本中新一点的 . D. the比较级,the比较级, 意思是“越就越”，如： Eg: a. The harder you work , the more you will learn.你学得越努力,你学到的就越多。 b. The more exercise we take, the healthier we are.我们锻炼得越多，就越健康.E.比较级and比较级，作“越来越”解，如： a. The days are getting longer and longer. b Computers are more and more important in our daily life.(特别提示) (1) 在比较级之前可用even,far , much ,a lot, a great deal, a bit, still,等词语修饰，如： a. He speaks English a lot more rapidly than he does French. B. Life today is much better than that 50 years ago.2 最高级常用于以下结构:A. the最高级 in / of +比较范围 eg: He is the best picture in the hall. B.主语+ be + one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语”表示“是中最.之一”。 Eg: Russia is one of the biggest countries in the world.Ex. 用所给单词的正确形式填空1. John is _(tall) than Sam. 2. Lin Lin is the _ (young) in our class. 3. The man took off his shoes and put them under his bed very _(quiet) 4. Ann felt very _ (happy) at her birthday party.5. Which is _ (far) from us, the sun or the moon?6. She looks _ (thin) than me.7. It snowed _ (heavy) last night and now the streets are covered with snow. 8. Mr. Benson seems to be the _ (busy) man in the world.9.“The sooner, the _ (good)”, Uncle Wang said. 10.Jack has the _ (little) bread of the three boys.写出正确的英语单词.11.We dont think their classroom is _(干净) than ours.12. Meimei walks as _ (慢) as Lily does.13. Whos _(好) than you at English in your class? 14. The teacher asked us to take a _ (仔细) look at everything in the lab.15. Shanghai is one of the _ (大) cities in the world.16. Which is the _ (beautiful) skirt of the three?17. The sick man is getting _ (ill).18. The meat smells _(坏). Please take it away19. The wind is blowing _ (strong).20.Whos _(高), Lucy or Lily?21. She didnt do her homework _(仔细). 22. Your bag is much _ (轻) than mine.23. How _ (大) the rain is!24. Of all the students Li Hua lives _ (远). 25. Jack get up _ today than yesterday. (early)26. Please do your homework _. (careful)27. He is too tired to go any_. (far)28. Le Lei runs _ (fast) than I, but he doesnt run as _ (fast) as my brother. 29. Exercise Five is_ than Exercise Four. (difficult)30. He is much _ than I. (thin)31. The work isnt hard. I can finish it _. (easy)32. There is_ water in the glass than the bottle. (little)33. He has been ill for few days. He feels even _ today. (bad)34. Last term he studied hard. He is going to study _ this term. (hard)35. Han Meimei has_ apples. Jim has _apples of all. (many)36. The Yellow River is the second _(long) river in China.37. Shanghai is one of _(large) cities in the world.38. Please listen to the teacher_ (careful).39. The children played_ in the park.(happy)40. Which kind of meat is_ (popular),beef, pork or chicken?41. Maths is as _as English. (interest)42. _you work, _you will learn. (hard, many)43. English is _used in the world. (wide)44. Our country is becoming_ and _than ever before. ( rich, strong)45. _ ,the little girl was not _hurt. ( lucky, bad)46. What have I done to make you so_ (angry)?47. Jack is (young) than Mike. He is (young) boy in the family.48. Exercise One is quite (easy), but Exercise Two is much (easy). 49. The little girl is now much (happy) than she was two years ago.50. The noise is getting and (hard).51. That was one of the (excite) moments of 1982.52. This picture is (beautiful) than that one, but it is (expensive).53. We have a much (good) life now. We must make it (good) still.54. Jim spends a lot (much) time on Chinese than before.55. Her mother looks much (young) than she is.56. This thick dictionary is much _ (useful) than that thin one.57. She is always as _ (busy) as a bee.58. Please show me the _ (near) way to the post office.59. The student felt quite _ (pleasure) when he passed the exam.60. This is one of the _ (big) libraries in our city.61. If you want to be _ (healthy) than before, you must eat (little) and take _(much)exercise.62. Which country has (large) population, America or Japan?63. The Yellow River is not so (long) as the Changjiang River. It is the second (long) river in China.64. It seems that Li Lei is a little (tall) than Wu Dong. But Wu Dong looks much_ (strong).65. Many students think maths is (important) of all the sciences.Ex II. 选择正确答案.( ) 1. Nowadays scientific fiction isnt as _as cartoons among teenagers. A. popular B. more popular C. less popular D. the most popular( ) 2. We are glad to see that Shanghai is developing _these years than ever before. A. quickly B. less quickly C. more quickly D. the most quickly( ) 3. The cheese cake tasted so _that the kids asked for more. A. delicious B. well C. bad D. badly( ) 4. -Why did you enjoy the talk ? -It was _talk that I have ever listened to. A. the most interesting B. the least interesting C. more interesting D. less interesting( ) 5. Guo Yue did quite _at the World Table Tennis Championship, but Zhang Yining did even _. A. better, well B. well, well C. well, better, D. better, better( ) 6. -Bot