L9 被动语态S.doc

中小学个性化辅导专家巨人教育辅导讲义学员编号（卡号）： 年 级： 第 次课学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 教师：马月肖课 题 被动语态授课时间：备课时间： 教学目标1. 掌握单词：jazz, musical, instrument, clavichord, recently,damage, key, string, shock, allow, touch.2. Allow的用法.3. 被动语态的用法重点、难点被动语态的用法考点及考试要求1 掌握单词：jazz, musical, instrument, clavichord, recently,damage, key, string, shock, allow, touch.2 Allow的用法. 3被动语态的用法教学内容一、重点词汇解析1. musical(1) Musical adj. 音乐的Musical student 有音乐天赋的人Music student 学音乐的人e.g. Guitar is a very popular musical instrument among the youth.(2 music n. 音乐Pop music 流行乐Rock music 摇滚乐Classic music 古典乐Hip hop 嘻哈乐R&B 说唱乐Jazz 爵士乐Soft music 轻音乐Folk music 民乐e.g. Music is a good medicine to cure pain.Music makes people feel relax. 音乐让人放松。(3) Musician n. 音乐家 e.g. shes a fine musician.2. instrument n. 泛指各种乐器 =musical instrument3. clavicord n. 古钢琴，不是现代的piano。 A kind of instrument 一种乐器4. damage v. 损坏（1）n. 损害，损失，伤害e.g. The storm has done a lot of damages to the village.（2）vt. 损害，破坏，毁坏E.g. The card was badly damaged in the caccident. Who damaged my car? 注：表示破坏的单词： break/ broken 损坏，伤害（程度轻）damage 损坏，破坏（程度中等）destroy 毁坏，损毁（程度深）5. shock (1) v. 使不悦或生气，震惊e.g. The news shocks me. 这消息使我震惊。I was shocked at the news of her death.(2) adj. 令人震惊的 e.g. It is shocking. 令人震惊。I am shocked. 我感到震惊。(3) n. 震惊 get a shock/ sb get a shock.某人感到很吃惊。Shock必指坏事，令人不悦的，生气的。Surprise好事坏事都可以，只要你没有料到的。 E.g.I want to give you a surprise.Shocker n. 令人震惊的事6. allow v. 允许 Allow doing sth. e.g. We dont allow smoking in this room. Smoking is allowed.= people allow smoking.Allow sb to do sth/ sb be allowed to do sth. (allow常用于被动语态)e.g. My mother does not allow me to use the computer. Please allow me to carry your bag. My boss doesnt allow me to use the telephone.翻译：Jane被允许每天只能吃一个苹果. Jane is allowed to eat one apple every day. 我们不能(不被允许)大声说话. We are not allowed to speak loudly.7. touch(1) vt. 触摸 He touched me on the arm! (2) vt. touch: move， 感动e.g. Her sad story touched our hearts . (3) vt. 谈及 涉及e.g. A rise in the cost of living touches everyone.get in touch with sb 与某人保持联系 e.g. She tried to get in touch with him, but he didnt answer the phone.8. belong to: 属于 e.g.This book belongs to me. 这本书属于我. e.g. The name has belonged to me for 12 years.这个名字属于我已经12年了. 9. try to do 尽力去做某事 ,努力想达到目的 try doing 尝试,试着做某事 ,只是试着去做，没有说十分想成功,作到的意思.试比较:He tried to climb that tree. 他努力想爬上那棵树. He tried climbing that tree. 他试着爬那棵树.10. a friend of my fathers我父亲的一位朋友s通常在人名和表示人称的名词末尾，而of结构则常与无生命的名词连用。 the name of the bookthe color of the picture the girls name / Marys shoesa book of my sisters翻译：1.Jim的鞋子 Jims shoes 2.我哥哥的一本书 A book of my brothers 3.桌子的腿 The leg of the desk4.小狗的帽子 The dogs cat二、语法精讲：被动语态英语中有两种语态： 和 语态表示主语是谓语动词的 。E.g. People grow rice in the south of China.被动语态则表示 是谓语动词动作的 。E.g. This bridge was built last year. 1. 结构：被动语态是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成的。助动词be和随着主语人称、数、时态的变化而变化。e.g. He was heard to sing in his room. 有人听到他在他的房间里唱歌。Football is enjoyed by people all over the world. 全世界的人们都喜爱足球。2.各种时态的被动语态的结构(1) 一般现在时：主语+am/ is / are +过去分词 主动语态：I clean my room every day. 我每天打扫房间。 被动语态： My room is cleaned (by me) every day.房间每天被（我）打扫。练习：把句子变成被动语态: People in Australia speak English. (2) 一般过去时: 主语+ was / were +过去分词 主动语态：She washed her clothes yesterday. 她昨天洗了她的衣服。 被动语态：Her clothes were washed (by her) yesterday. 她的衣服昨天被(她)洗了。练习：把句子变成被动语态：Mr. Henry heard a strange noise last night. （3）一般将来时： 主语+ will be +过去分词主动语态：We will have a party tomorrow. 我们明天将举行一个聚会。 被动语态：A party will be had tomorrow (by us).一个聚会明天将被（我们）举行。练习：把句子变成被动语态：My mother will meet me at the school gate after class. （4）现在进行时：主语+ am/ is / are+ being +过去分词 主动语态： They are building the playground now. 他们正在建操场。 被动语态：The playground is being built now (by them)。 操场正被(他们)修建。练习：把句子变成被动语态：The students are planting many trees. （5）现在完成时：主语+ have/ has been +过去分词主动语态： He has ever read the book three times. 他曾读过这本书三遍。 被动语态：The book has ever been read three times (by him).这本书曾被（他）读过三遍。练习：把句子变成被动语态：They have kept the pictures for 2 weeks. （6）过去进行时：主语+ was/were + being +过去分词 主动语态： I was doing my homework in the reading room. 我正在做作业. 被动语态：My homework was being done (by me) in the reading.练习：把句子变成被动语态：The students were planting many trees. .（7）过去完成时：主语+ had been +过去分词主动语态： I had read this book twice. 我已经看过这本书两次了. 被动语态：This book had been read (by me) twice.练习：把句子变成被动语态：Jim has finished the work before he went to school. (8) 过去将来时: 主语+ would / should be +过去分词主动语态：We would have a party tomorrow. 我们明天将举行一个聚会。 被动语态：A party would be had tomorrow (by us). 一个聚会明天将被（我们）举行。练习：把句子变成被动语态：My father would meet me at the school gate after class. (9) 情态动词的被动语态: can/may/must +be +done主动语态：He can finish the work today. 被动语态：The work can be finished by him today. 练习：把句子变成被动语态：You can pass the exam if you study hard.如果你努力学习，你就能通过考试。 3.被动语态的用法（1）不知道动作的执行者是谁This watch is made in China.（2）没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁More trees must be planted every year.（3）需要强调或者突出动作的承受者时Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.（4）句子的主语是动作的承受者Many houses were washed away by the flood.课堂练习：1. Hot water in the students flats from 5pm to 7 pm.A. supplies B.is supplied C.supplied D.was supplied2. Air must fresh all the time. Its good for our health.A.keep B.is kept C.be kept 3. In the old days, they in the factory from morning to evening.A. were made to work B.asked to work C.made to work D.were asked for work 三、课后作业I. 把句子改为被动语态的句子1.She teaches the students English every year.2.She taught the students English last year.3.She will teach the students English next year.4.She may teach the students English next year.5.I knew that she would teach the students English.II.选择题1. The TV set in Japan. A. made B. makes C. is made2. The floor of our classroom _ every day. A. is cleaned B. cleaned C. has cleaned3. My birds can by one of my friends while Im away.A. be looking after B. look after C. be looked after4. I wasnt at home yesterday. I to help with the harvest on the farm.A. asked B. was asked C. was asking D. had asked5. Grandpa is badly ill. He to hospital at once.A. must send B. must be sent C. will send D. may be sent6. The computer in Japan in 2003 and I have had it for only a week.A.was made B. can be made C. is made D. made7. The 30th Olympic Games _ in Beijing in 2012.A. is held B. will hold C. will be held8.Some famous paintings _ in the hall next week.A. will show B. were shown C. is shown D. will be shown9.The koto(筝)is a traditional Japanese musical derived from the Chinese guzheng. A.device B. equipment C.tool D.instrument10. The storm did a lot of to the crops. A. destroy B.suffer C. cause D. damage11. There are four on a violin.A.strings B.lines C.ropes D.wires12.After all, the crisis gives us a big .A.surprise B.shake C.shock D.panic13.They the children to the park.A.allowed; going B.allowed; to go C.promised; going D.permitted; going14.Well give you our decision in a few days. How can we with you?A.stay in touch B.keep in touch C.keep up D.get in touch 15. The paper is made wood.A.in B. from C.of D.by16. The bicycle Amy.A. belongs B.belongs to C.belongs with D.is belong to17. Ive only started learning French.A. recently B. finally C.decently(合适的，体面的) D.nowadays18. -When should I hand in my paper? -Your paper must as soon as the bell.A.hand in; rings B.hand in; will ring C.be handed in;will ring D.be handed in; rings19.People who drink wine to drive after May Day.A.dont allow B.isnt allow C.mustnt allow D.mustnt be allowed20.-Your classroom is very clean. -Yes, it every day.A. is cleaned B.cleans C. is cleaning21. -Excuse me, whats this for?- Its a cleaner and it to pick up dirt.A.uses B. is used C.is using D. used22. The 16th Asian Games in Guangzhou in November, 2010.A.holds B.will hold C.was held D.will be held23. I wont leave my office until my work .A. finish B.will finish C.are finished D.is finished24.Chinas sports stars Yao Ming and Liu Xiang Goodwill Ambassadors for Shang-Hai.A.has been named B.have been named C.has named D.have named25. -David, turn off the TV no one is watching it. -But it off already! The music is from the radio.A.so that; has been turned B.when; has turnedC.if; has been turned D. because; has turned26. My sister a letter when I got home last night.A.is writing B. was writing C.wrote D. is reading27. Sam Chinese since he came to China. He speaks good Chinese now.A. learns B. learned C. has learned D. will learn28. -Shush, be quiet! The baby in the next room. -Ok. Sorry!A. sleep B. slept C. sleeps D. is sleeping29. - you your dictionary? -No. So I have to buy a new one today.A. Did; find B. have; found C. Are; finding D. Had; found30. Hi, Mr. Smith. I didnt know you are in New York. How long here?A. have you come B. were you C. have you been D. will you come31. -May I speak to the headmaster? -He a meeting now. Can I take a message?A. is having B. had C. has C. will have 32. -Where is your cousin?-He an English exam now. A. has B. had C. has had D. is having33. How time flies! Several years since we started our middle school life. We will keep the pleasant experiences in our minds. A. have pass B. has passed C. will pass34. -Hello! May I speak to Mr. Smith? -Sorry! He isnt in. he the office. A. has been to B. has gone to C. has been away35. -I saw Mr. Smith in the office at ten yesterday morning. -Thats impossible. He an English party with us then. A. has B. had C. was having D. has had36. Look! Peter TV happily, but his parents are busy in the kitchen. A. is watching B. watches C. watched38. -What did Yang Ying say? -She said they a school trip next weekend. A. will have B. had C. would have D. have39.-Sandy, I called you at 9:00 last night, but nobody answered the phone. -Im sorry. We a birthday party Jerry.A. had; with B. were having; for C. are having; for D. had; for40.-Whats his brother? -He is a teacher. He maths at a school. A. taught B. has taught C. teaches D. will teach41. -Sam, come downstairs, please. I need your help. -Sorry mum. I on the phone. A. am talking B.talked C. was talking D. have talked42. Paul and I tennis yesterday. I did much better than I.A. play B. will play C. played D. are playing43. Wheres Tom? His mother him now.A. is looking for B. will look for C. has looked for D. looks for45. -What were you doing this time yeaterday? - I on the grass and drawing a picture. A. sit B. sat C. am sitting D. was sittingIII. 完形填空It was the first day of school. I had a new classmate, a little old lady with a warm smile. She said, “Hi, young man! Im Rose. Im 87 years old. Can I give you a hug? ” I said 36 , “Of course!” “Why are you in college at 37 an age?” I asked. She joked, “Im here to meet a 38 husband, get married, have children, and then travel around the world.” “No, seriously(严肃地),” I asked. “I always 39 of having a college education. Now Im getting one!” she told me. After a year, Rose became popular. She easily made friends wherever she went. She loved to dress up and she enjoyed the attention from 40 . At the end of the semester we invited Rose to 41 at our party. Ill never forget what she taught 42 . “We do not stop playing because we are old; we grow 43 because we stop playing. Here are the 44 of staying young. You have to laugh and find humor every 45 . Youve got to have a dream. When you 46 your dreams, you die!” she said. “There is a big 47 betw