Afiqrgy最新英语四级试卷及答案(一)(2010年6月12日).doc

生命是永恒不断的创造，因为在它内部蕴含着过剩的精力，它不断流溢，越出时间和空间的界限，它不停地追求，以形形色色的自我表现的形式表现出来。泰戈尔 试卷代号： A大学英语四级考试（CET 4）最新英语四级试卷及答案（一）（2010年6月12日）注意事项一、 将自己的校名、姓名、学校代号、准考证号写在答题卡1和答题卡2上，将本试卷代号划在答题卡2上。二、 把试题册、答题卡均不得带出考场。考试结束后，教师收卷后才可离开考场。三、 仔细读懂题目的说明。四、 在30分钟内做完答题卡1上的作文题。30分钟后考生按指令启封试题册。在接着的15分钟内完成快速阅读理解部分的试题。然后监考员收取答题卡1，考生在答题卡2上完成其余部分的试题。全部答题时间为125分钟，不得拖延答题。五、 考生必须在答题卡上作答，凡写在试题册上的大案一律无效。六、 多项选择题每题只有一个答案；如多选，则该题无分。选定答案后用HB-2B浓度的铅笔在相应的字母中划一条横线。划线要有一定的粗度，要盖过字母的底色。七、 如果要改动答案，必须先用橡皮擦净原来选定的答案，然后按规定重新答题。八、 在考试过程中要注意对自己的答案保密。若被他人抄袭，一经发现，后果自负。Part Writing (30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡 1上，请在答题卡1上作答。Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8 to10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Getting Thin for GoodJust about everyone has been on a diet at one time or another, and millions of us have learned that the weight we lose is all too easily regained. Still few people question the wisdom of dieting. After all, we reason, the worst that can happen is that well regain the weight weve lost then we can simply go on a diet again.But some new research suggests there is a risk: yo-yo dieting may seriously distort the bodys weight-control system. The more diets you go on, the harder it may become to lose weight. Even worse, new evidence indicates that repeated cycles of losing and gaining weight may raise the risk of heart problems.This last possibility is especially disturbing. As part of a 25-year study that monitored 1 959 men, researchers at the University of Texas School of Public Health in Houston reported in March 1987 that the men showing large up-and-down weight changes had twice the risk of heart disease as those with only small changes in weight. One paper from the Framingham (Mass.) Heart Study, which has monitored more than 5 000 people for 40 years, also provides troubling information: people who lost ten percent of their body weight had about 20 percent reduction in risk of heart disease but people who gained 10 percent raised the risk by 30 percent. These numbers further suggest that going from 150 to 135 pounds, and back to 150 again, could leave you with a higher heart-disease risk than you started with.When you cut calories and lose weight, your body will protect itself by reducing your basal metabolic rate (BMR). This is the measure of the energy used for routine functions such as breathing and cell repair roughly 60 to 75 percent of the energy consumed by the body. During severe dieting, your BMR drops within 24 hours and can decline a full 20 percent within two weeks. This metabolic decline is one reason dieters often reach a steady unchanging period, and find that the same caloric intake which melted pounds earlier now produces no weight loss.The body adapts to dieting in other ways. The enzyme lipoprotein lipase (脂肪酶), a chemical in the body, which controls how much fat is stored in fat cell, may become more active in some overweight people after they have lost weight. That would make the body more efficient at fat storage exactly what the dieter doesnt want. And this change, like the drop in BMR, may be part of the reason dieters frequently regain their lost weight.My interest in the yo-yo problem began in 1982, when my colleagues Thomas Wadden and Albert Stunkard and I were experimenting with very-low-calorie diets 800 calories or fewer per day. We hoped that patients in our clinic could lose large amounts of weight rapidly, then keep the weight loss with a behavior-modification program.We found, however, that some people lost weight rapidly, some slowly; some lost for a while and then stopped losing. One woman, Marie, began the program at 230 pounds, reduced to 192 pounds, and then hit a wall, even though she stayed on her diet and walked two miles a day. Marie, like many others in our program, had been a yo-yo dieter, and they tended to have the most difficulty in losing weight.To see if such dieting could really change the body this way, other researchers and I began to study weight changes in animals. We fed a group of rats a high-fat diet until they became obese. Then we changed their diets repeatedly to make them lose weight, regain, lose again and regain again.The results were surprising. The first time the rats lost weight, it took 21 days for them to go from obese to normal weight. On their second diet, it took 46 days, even though the rats consumed exactly as many calories.With each yo-yo, it became easier for the rats to regain. After the first diet, they took 46 days to become obese again; after the second diet, they took only 14 days. In other words on the second yo-yo cycle, it took more than twice as long to lose -weight, and only one-third as long to regain it.Surprised, our group contacted Harvard surgeon George Blackburn, a pioneer in the use of very-low-calorie diets. Blackburn and his colleagues reviewed the records of 140 dieters who had been through their weight-control clinic, had lost weight and regained it and had returned for a second try. The records showed the dieters had lost an average of 2.3 pounds a week the first time, but only 1.3 pounds a week the second time.Four years ago we began the Weight Cycling Project, a major study that includes some of the countrys leading obesity researchers. We know that people who lose weight by dieting only and without an exercise program can lose a considerable amount of muscle. But then, if they gain weight back, they may regain less muscle and more fat. While the reason isnt clear, it may be easier for the body to put fat on than to rebuild lost muscle. Were asking if yo-yo dieters may lose fat from one part of the body and regain it elsewhere. For instance, according to our preparatory studies in animals, they could move fat to the abdomen. And research shows that abdominal fat raises the risk of heart disease and diabetes more than fat around the hips and thighs does.None of this means that dieting is ineffective or foolish. For those who are 20 percent or more overweight, there are good reasons to reduce: successful weight loss can lower blood pressure and cholesterol, help control blood sugar in diabetics and enable people to feel better about themselves. But the new research does suggest that dieting must be taken seriously by people at any weight.It also means that dieting alone is not the best way to weight control. When a weight-loss program includes exercise, you lose more fat and less muscle, and youre not likely to gain the weight back. Thats because exercise may help resist the physiological changes that tend to come from yo-yo dieting.Given the potential risks of yo-yo dieting, anyone who diets should be especially careful not to gain the weight back. Before you diet, ask yourself how determined you are; then set reasonable goals.Permanent weight loss should be the main goal, so select a program that will help you change your life-style. Be careful of popular diet programs designed for rapid weight loss and filled with senseless tricks, such as going on and off a diet, eating magic foods and so on. A program should focus on sensible changes in nutrition and life-style. The best approach is a low-fat, high-complex-carbohydrate diet and regular physical exercise.To avoid failing in the diet, recognize and plan for high-risk situations. If you always overeat when you visit your parents, for example, figure out how to get around that before your next visit. Understand that desires for chocolate, say are like waves that come up, will quickly subside. When the desire comes, get busy with a simple activity reading or even brushing your teeth.1. What is the risk that yo-yo dieting may bring according to the new research?A) It may damage the bodys weight-control system seriouslyB) It may make the task of losing weight more difficultC) It may make it easier for the weight we lose to be regainedD) It may cause people fear for going on a diet2. What is the automatic reaction of your body when you are on diet? A) It will consume more energy.B) It will suffer from terrible heart break.C) It will reduce your basal metabolic rate. D) It will absorb more caloric intake automatically. 3. What is the basic function of enzyme lipoprotein lipase?A) to become active in order to lose weightB) to control how much fat is stored in fat cellC) to help cell regain the weight lost after being on dietD) to drop the BMR of the dieter4. What does “hit a wall” mean when the author use it to refer Marie?A) It means that people achieved his goal of losing weight.B) It means that people stopped to stay on diet.C) It means that people started to walk two miles a dayD) It means that people stepped into the most difficult stage of losing weight.5. According to the author, the result of the rat research can be described as _?A) disappointingB) excitingC) meaninglessD) surprising6. What will happened on a dieter if he or she gain weight back without exercise?A) They may regain the same muscle and fat.B) They may regain more muscle and less fat.C) They may regain less muscle and more fat.D) They may become healthier than before 7. In order to lose weight permanently, which of the following advice that people should follow?A) going on and off a dietB) eating magic foodsC) avoiding being on dietD) eating low-fat, high-complex-carbohydrate diet and doing physical exercise regularly注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上作答；810题在答题卡1上。Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 11. A) He thinks hes very organized.B) He doesnt want to join the display.C) He doesnt think he should lead the study group.D) He knows someone who can lead the study group.12. A) He doesnt know where his brother keeps his computer.B) The woman should buy a used computer.C) He doesnt know how much computers cost.D) His brother paid too much for the computer. 13. A) Its been to warm to wear the jacket.B) The jacket is too big for him.C) He doesnt like cold weather.D) He didnt buy the jacket until cooler weather arrived.14. A) He started the semester in a bad mood.B) Hes not usually bad-tempered.C) He has few responsibilities.D) He doesnt like the man.15. A) He forgot to cancel the reservation.B) They can go to the restaurant after the woman has finished working.C) He has to work late tonight.D) They dont have a reservation at the restaurant.16. A) Use bleach on his socks.B) Buy new white socks.C) Wash his red T-shirt again.D) Throw away his pink socks.17. A) He isnt satisfied with his progress.B) He wants to move up more quickly than hes presently doing.C) He has advance quickly enough in his career.D) He feels frustrated as he tries to move up the ladder.18. A) Try on a smaller sweater.B) Look for another style at a different store.C) Give the sweater away as a gift.D) Exchange the sweater for a bigger one.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) Shes unable to attend the study session. B) She has seen a doctor recently. C) Shes concerned about medical care. D) She mentions the need for some medical tests. 20. A) To improve the study skills of university students. B) To suggest changes in the student government. C) To give people the opportunity to speak with a politician. D) To discuss graduation requirements for political science majors.21. A) Graduate school application procedures. B) Funding for university education. C) Winning the confidence of voters. D) Preparing for an important test. 22. A) Tell her what to study for the history test. B) Write a favorable letter of recommendation. C) Advise her about how to run an election campaign. D) Suggest a topic for a research paper. Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) Boston schools. B) Frontier life. C) Teaching requirements. D) Immigration patterns. 24. A) She was a famous author. B) Her family later became famous landowners. C) She exemplifies the immigrant spirit. D) She invented some labor-saving farm equipment. 25. A) To the library. B) To the movies. C) To a bookstore. D) To a travel bureau. Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some question. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C),and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage One Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard. 26. A) They were drawing pictures.B) They were watching TV.C) They were making a telephone call.D) They were tidying up the drawing room. 27. A) They locked the couple up in the drawing room.B) They seriously injured the owners of the house. C) They smashed the TV set and the telephone. D) They took away sixteen valuable paintings. 28. A) He accused them of the theft. B) He raised the rents. C) He refused to prolong their land lease. D) He forced them to abandon their traditions. 29. A) They wanted to protect the farmers interests. B) They wanted to extend the reservation area for birds. C) They wanted to steal his valuable paintings. D) They wanted to drive him away from the island.Passage Two Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard. 30. A) Through food.B) Through air.C) Through insects. D) Through body fluids. 31. A) They ran a high fever.B) They died from excessive bleeding. C) Their nervous system was damaged.D) They suffered from heart-attack.32. A) To see what happened to the survivors of the outbreak. B) To study animals that can also get infected with the disease. C) To find out where the virus originates. D) To look for the plants that could cure the disease. Passage Three Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) To determine whether the Earths temperature is going up. B) To study the behavior of some sea animals. C) To measure the depths of the ocean. D) To measure the movement of waves in the ocean. 34. A) They were frightened and distressed. B) They swam away when the speaker was turned on. C) They swam closer to “examine” the speaker when it was turned off. D) They didnt seem to be frightened and kept swimming near the speaker. 35. A) To attract more sea animals to the testing site. B) To drive dangerous sea animals away from the testing site. C) To help trace the sea animals being tested. D) To determine how sea animals communicate with each other. Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上作答Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage. In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks are shared to a greater or less extent, concepts of male superiority are hard to (47) _.The pattern of sharing in tasks and in decisions makes for equality, and this in turn leads to further sharing. In such a home, the growing boy and girl learn to accept that (48) _ more easily than did their parents and to prepare more (49) _ for participation in a world characterized by (50) _ rather than by “battle of the sexes”.If the process goes too far and mans role is (51) _ as less important and that has happened in some cases, we are as badly off as before, only in reverse.It is time to re-estimate the role of the man in the American family. We are getting a little tired of “Monism”(一元论)，but we dont want to exchange it for a “new-Monism”. What we need, rather, is the (52) _ that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals. There are signs that psychologists, social workers, and specialists in family are becoming more (53) _ of the part men pl