专题22完形填空之说明文（解析版）.doc

完形填空之说明文【2013高考真题精选】（2013广东卷)完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从115各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Number sense is not the ability to count. It is the ability to recognize a 1 in number. Human beings are born with this ability. 2 , experiments show that many animals are, too. For example, many birds have good number sense. If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not 3 .However, if you remove two, the bird 4 leaves. This means that the bird knows the 5 between two and three.Another interesting experiment showed a birds 6 number sense. A man was trying to take a photo of a crow（乌鸦）that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. The bird did not 7 until the man left the tower. The man had an 8 .He took another man with him to the tower. One man left and the other stayed, but they did not 9 the bird. The crow stayed away until the second man left, too. The experiment was 10 with three men and then with four men. But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were 11 .It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were 12 able to fool the crow.How good is a humans number sense? Its not very good. For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a 13 group. But when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are 14 fooled.It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world, and that our human 15 is not much better than a crows.1.A. riseB. patternC. changeD. trend2.A. Importantly B. SurprisinglyC. DisappointedlyD. Fortunately3.A. surviveB. careC. hatchD. notice4.A. generally B. sincerelyC. casuallyD. deliberately5A. distance B. rangeC. differentD. interval6A. amazing B. annoyingC. satisfyingD. disturbing7.A. relaxB. recover C. reactD. return8. A. appointmentB. excuseC. ideaD. explanation9. A. foolB. hurtC. catchD. kill10. A. reportedB. repeatedC. designedD. approved11. A. confusedB. goneC. tiredD. drunk12. A. graduallyB. luckilyC. strangelyD. finally13. A. singleB. smallC. localD. new14. A. seldomB. temporarilyC. merelyD. often15. A. sightB. natureC. abilityD. belief5. C. difference 考察名词。根据上下文意思答题。从上两句“If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will （2013湖南卷)Section C (12 marks)Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.When kids in parts of the world want to play, they often make soccer balls out of trash tied together with string. “ 48 the areas used for playing fields are often rough and rocky, millions of real balls go flat (变瘪) 49 24 hours,” says Tim Jahnigen, a California businessman. Determined to solve this problem, 50 created an indestructible ball called the One World Futbol.The ball is made of 51 special material, ethylene-vinyl acetate foam. Its lightweight, its flexible, and 52 importantit holds its shape.The One World Futbol needs no pump 53 wont wear out, even on rough surfaces. When tested, 54 withstood (经受住) being crushed by a car, and even being chewed on by a lion.Although it costs more to produce 55 a typical soccer ball, Jahnigen estimates the One World Futbol can last 30 years. So far, its been given to kids in 143 countries. (154 words)（2013四川) 阅读理解 根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项多余选项。（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） -James, can I have some black tea? -Sure, 51 -Well, just a little, please. -Two teaspoons? - 52 I have gained some weight these days. (Minutes later.) -How nice it is! - 53 -Yes, please. Do you mind me smoking here? - 54 I dont want to have secondhand smoke. Would you like some cookies, instead? Eating more and smoking less will do you good.A. Of course!B. Any sugar?C. Okay, thanks.D. Well, go ahead.E. No, one is enough.F How do you want it made?G Could you like some more? - 55 （2013重庆卷)BIt is easy to overlook the role that your body plays in influencing your mood(情绪). When you are 49 , you may find yourself blaming work pressures or an unknown future. However, it could just be that youve been sitting behind your desk too long.One way to improve your mood is 50 . Psychologically, it provides you with a break from the stresses in your life. Also, in the process, you may aim for 51 goals, like a new personal running record or a better body shape. The achievement of a particular goal makes you feel good and contributes to your 52 . That is why exercise has been shown to 53 your self-respect.You do not have to train yourself 54 to feel the psychological benefits of exercise. What really matters is 55 , not intensity(强度) of your exercise. You can try walking for 30 minutes five times per week or simply gardening on weekends.49. A. ill B. poorC.unhappyD.unsuccessful50. A. playB. communicationC.sleepD.exercise51. A. clearB. presentC.commonD.early52. A. abilityB. relationship C.confidenceD.business53. A. tear downB. build upC.set asideD.give out54. A. hardB. everywhere C.carefullyD.late55. A. timeB. length C.form D.frequency【2012高考真题精选】【2012全国新课标】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、 C和D中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks 36 than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more 37 than we realize. In fact, non-verbal communication(非言语交际) takes up about 50% of what we really 38 , And body language is particularly 39 when we attempt to communicate across cultures（文化）. Indeed, what is called body language is so 40 a part of us that its actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. 41 , different societies treat the 42 between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having 43 contact(接触)even with friends, certainly not with 44 . People from Latin American countries， 45 , touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, its possible that in 46 ， it may look like a Latino is 47 a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving 48 . The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 49 - which the Latino will in return regard as 50 _. Clearly, a great deal is going on when people 51 . And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from 52 cultures, theres a strong possibility of 53 . But whatever the situation, the best 54 is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be 55 _.【文章大意】41. A. For example B. Thus C. However D. In short44. A. strangersB. relatives C. neighboursD. enemies51. A. talk B. travel C. laugh D. think【2011高考真题精选】1.（2011全国II）完形填空 There are times when people are so tired that they fall asleep almost anywhere. We can see there is a lot of sleeping on the bus or train on the _21_home from work in the evenings. A man will be_22_the newspaper, and seconds later it _23_ as if he is trying to _24_it. Or he will fall asleep on the shoulder of the stranger_25_ next to him._26_ place where unplanned short sleep _27_ is in the lecture hall where a student will start snoring（打鼾）so _28_that the professor has to ask another student to_29_ the sleeper awake. A more embarrassing（尴尬）situation occurs when a student starts falling into sleep and the _30_ of the head pushes the arm off the_31_, and the movement carries the_32_ of the body along. The student wakes up on the floor with no_33_ of getting there. The worst time to fall asleep is when _34_ . Police reports are full of _35_ that occur when people fall into sleep and go_36_ the road. If the drivers are _37_ , they are not seriously hurt. One womans car, _38_ , went into the river. She woke up in four feet of _39_ and thought it was raining. Whenpeople are really _40_，nothing will stop them from falling asleep-no matter where they are.21. A. way B. track C. path D. road22. A. buying B. folding C. delivering D. reading23. A. acts B. shows C. appears D. sounds24. A. open B. eat C. find D. finish25. A. lying B. waiting C. talking D. sitting26. A. Next B. Every C. Another D. One27. A. goes on B. ends up C. lasts D. returns28. A. bravely B. happily C. loudly D. carelessly29. A. leave B. shake C. keep D. watch30. A. size B. shape C. weight D. strength31A. cushion B. desk C. shoulder D. book32. A. action B. position C. rest D. side33. A. memory B. reason C. question D. purpose34. A. thinking B. working C. walking D. driving35. A. changes B. events C. ideas D. accidents36. A. up B. off C. along D. down37. A. lucky B. awake C. calm D. strong38. A. in time B. at first C. as usual D. for example39. A. dust B. water C. grass D. bush40. A. tired B. drunk C. lonely D. lazyI remember taking _48_ English class in college on the short story. Our first assignment was to read _49_ short stones and then discuss which one was better. After reading both，I wasnt sure. Over the _50_ several months, my professor taught me _51_ one story was so much better than the other wan humorous _52_ was rich in metaphor（隐喻）and character development, while the other was humorous _53_ too shallow. I couldnt see this at first. Yet, in a few months, my brain got reeducated an _54_ could see the difference between good and bad writing and could appreciate literature at a whole new level. Going to college helps build a strong mind, which leads _55_ greater success in ones life.【2010高考真题精选】Passage 1(10安徽)Most people give little thought to the pens they write with,especially since the printers in modern homes and offices mean that very 36 things are the written.All too often ,people buy a pen based only on 37 ,and wonderwhy they are not satisfied 38 they begin to use it.However ,buying a pen that youll enjoy is not 39 it you keep the following in mind.First of all,a pen should fit comfortably in your hand and be 40 to use .The thinckness of the pen is the most important characteristic（特征）41 comfort.Having a small hand and thick fingers ,you may be comfortable with a thin pen .If you have a 42 hand and thicker fingers you may 43 fatter pen.The length of a pen can 44 influence comfort. A pen that is too 45 can easily feel top-heavy and unstable.Then,the writing point of the pen should 46 the ink to flow evenly（均匀地）while the pen remains in touch with the paper. 47 will make it possible for you to create a 48 line of writing. The point that does not block the 50 may leave drops of ink, 51 you pick the pen up and put it down again.52 ,the pen should make a thick,dark line.Fine-line pens may 53 bad handwriting ,but fine,delicate lines do not command 54 next to printed fext,as, 55 ,a signature on a printed letter .A broader line, on the other hand ,give an impression of confidence and authority（权威）。36.A.many B.few C.pleasant D.important37.A.looks B.reason C.value D.advantages38.A.once B.if C. because D.though39.A.convenient B.practical C.strange D.difficult40.A.heavy B.easy C.hard D.safe41.A.taking B.finding C.determining D.seeking42.A.strong B.weaker C.small D.larger43.A.perfer B.recommend C.prepare D.demand44.A.hardly B.also C.never D.still45.A.thick B.light C.long D.soft46.A.change B.allow C.reduce D.press47.A.They B.One C.This D.Some48. A thin B. rough C. black D. smooth49. A. prevent B. free C. protect D. remove50. A. way B. sight C. flow D. stream51.A. so B. as C. and D. yet52.A. Meanwhile B. Generally C. Afterwards D.Finally53.A. show up B. differ from C. break down D. compensate for54.A. attention B. support C. respect D. admission (10重庆)Introduction to Letters to SamDear Reader, Please allow me to tell you something before you read this book. When my 36 , Sam, was born, my heart was filled with joy. I had been sitting in a wheelchair for 20 years before then, and I have been 37 ill many times. So I wondered if I would have the 38 to tell Sam what I had 39 . For years I have been hosting a program on the 40 and writing articles for a magazine. Being 41 to move freely, I have learned to sit still and keep my heart 42 , exchanging thoughts with thousands of listeners and 43 . So when Sam was born, I 44 to tell him about school and fridship, romance and work, love and everything else. Thats how I started to write these 45 . I hope that Sam would 46 them sooner or later. However, that expectation 47 when Sam showed signs of autism (自闭症) at the age of two. He had actually stopped talking before the discovery of the signs. He 48 to communicate with others, even the family members. That was 49 for me but didnt stop me writing on. I realized that I had even 50 now to tell him. I wanted him to 51 what it means to be “different” from others, and learn how to fight against the misfortune hell 52 as I myself, his grandfather, did. I just 53 if I could write all that I wanted to say in the rest of my life. Now, 54 the book has been published, I have been given the chance. Every chapter in the book is a letter to Sam: some about my life, and all about what it means to be a 55 . Daniel Gottlieb36. A. sonB. nephewC. brotherD. grandson37. A. seriouslyB. mentallyC. slightlyD. quietly38. A. abilityB. timeC. courageD. responsibility39. A. writtenB. sufferedC. observedD. lost40. A. radioB. televisionC. stageD. bed41. A. readyB. unableC. anxiousD. eager42. A. warmB. brokenC. closedD. open43. A. hostsB. visitorsC. readersD. reporters44. A. beganB. stoppedC. forgotD. decided45. A. lettersB. emailsC. booksD. diaries46. A. findB. readC. collectD. keep47. A. developedB. disappearedC. changedD. arrived48. A. triedB. refusedC. regrettedD. hoped49. A. excitingB. acceptableC. strangeD. heartbreaking50. A. lessB. everythingC. moreD. nothing51. A. understandB. explainC. believeD. question52. A. fearB. faceC. knowD. cause53. A. feltB. guessedC. sawD. doubted54. A. asB. onceC. thoughD. if55. A. teacherB. childC. manD. writerMost people believe they dont have much imagination. They are 50 .Everyone has imagination, but most of us, once we become adults, forget how to 51 it. Creativity isnt always 52 with great works of art or ideas. People at work and in their free time 53 think of creative ways to solve problems. Maybe you have a goal to achieve, a tricky question to answer or you just want to expand your mind! Here are three techniques to help you. Making connections This technique involves taking 54 ideas and trying to find links between them. First, think about the problem you have to solve or the job you need to do. Then find an image, word, idea or object, for example, a candle. Write down all the idea/words 55 with candles: light, fire, matches, wax, night, silence, etc. Think of as many as you can. The next stage is to relate the 56 to the job you have to do. So imagine you want to but a friend an original 57 ; you could buy him tickets to match or take him out for the night. NO limits! Imagine that normal limitations dont 58 . You have as much time/space/money, etc. as you want. Think about your goal and the new 59 .If your goal is to learn to ski, 60 , you can now practise skiing every day of your life （because you have the time and the money）. Now 61 this to reality. Maybe you can practise skiing ever day in December, or every Monday in January. Be someone else! Look at the situation from a 62 point of view. Good businessmen use this technique in trade, and so do writes. Fiction writers often imagine they are the 63 in their books. They ask question: What does this character want? Why cant she get it? What changes must she make to get what she wants? If your goal involves other people, put yourself in their 64 . The best fishermen think like fish! 50. A. wrongB. unbelievableC. reasonableD. realistic 51. A. put up withB. catch up withC. make use ofD. keep track of 52. A. equippedB. comparedC. coveredD. connected 53. A. skillfullyB. routinelyC. vividlyD. deeply 54. A. familiarB. unrelatedC. creativeD. imaginary 55. A. presentedB. markedC. litD. associated 56. A. ideasB. ambitionsC. achievement D. technique 57. A. experienceB. serviceC. presentD. object 58. A. workB. lastC. existD. change 59. A. possibilitiesB. limitationsC. tendencyD. practice 60. A. in factB. in particularC. as a wholeD. for example 61. A. devoteB. adaptC. leadD. keep 62. A. privateB. globalC. differentD. practical 63. A. positionsB. dreamsC. imagesD. directions 64. A. positionsB. dreamsC. imagesD. directions The requirements for high school graduatio