七年级英语上知识汇总.docx

基础知识识记和运用 （Unit 5-8）1. 写出下列名词的复数形式：policeman radio businessman dictionary lady hero beach country grandparent leaf class strawberry country 2. 写出下列动词的单三形式和现在分词：lonecarry set climb 3. 单词的缩写形式：Unite States=U.S. United Kingdom=U.K. 4. 同义词/近义词（短语）：present-gift. present-introduce/show ride-take painting-drawing moviefilm eve-evening everyone-everybody 5. 反义词/对应词：son-daughter policeman-policewoman front-back above-below on/over-under in front of-behind in/at the front of-in/at the back of quiet-noisy inside-outside hard-soft/easy off-on straight-curly follow-understand north-south east-west southeast-northwest same-different 6. 同音词及字母：sun-son 7. 其它：drive(名词)-driver lose(形容词)-lost break(形容词)-broken luck(形容词)-lucky（副词）-luckily noise(形容词)-noisy friend(形容词)-friendly quick(副词)-quickly paint(名词)-painting bore(形容词)-bored/boringrain(形容词) -rainy snow(形容词)-snowy skate(动名词)-skating good/well(比较级/最高级)-better/best sell(名词)-sale internation(形容词)-international nation(形容词)-national usual(副词)-usually excite(形容词)-excited/exciting Australia(n./adj.)-Australian love(形容词)-lovely Africa(adj./n.)- African 9.重要短语: 动词短语：talk on the police radio play football be close to sb. Be/get ready to do sth. work hard at school go on a picnic look out have a birthday party make a birthday cake set the table take Bus 42 get off get lost look for go down/along this street/road turn right/left go to the zoo make noises/make a noise find out have a good time/have fun/enjoy oneself go skating/swimming/fishing/shopping count down watch movies/watch a movie go mountain climbing come/be from 1.have a birthday party(举行生日晚会) 2. listen to the radio(听收音机) 3.watch TV(看电视) 4.go to sleep(入睡) 5. after supper(晚饭后)6.beside the bed(在床边) 7.under the bed(在床下)8.have a happy family(拥有一个幸福的家庭)9.make dumplings (包饺子) 10.brush ones teeth (刷牙) 11. take a shower(洗澡) 12. -Happy birthday to you.(生日快乐) -Thank you.13.sing a song(唱歌)14. go to school(去上学) 15. far from(远离) 16. walk = goon foot(步行去)17. drive = goby car (开车去)18. by bus(乘公共汽车) 19. on foot(步行) 20. ride a bicycle(骑自行车)21. Excuse me(打扰了) 22. follow me(跟着我)23. turn left / right (向左/右转) 24. want to do .=would like to do(想要去做) 25. this way ,please(请走这边) 26. on sale(廉价出售) Unit 7-8 New Years Day新年;元旦 the Spring Festival春节, Childrens Day儿童节, Teachers Day教师节, National Day国庆节 far from 离远 be from / come from 来自 point up/down/left /west指向上 / 下 / 左 / 右 an English-speaking country一个讲英语的国家 the capital of China 中国的首都a map of China 一幅中国地图 a map of the world 一幅世界地图know about 了解Canadas flag 加拿大的国旗 speak Chinese / English / French讲汉语/英语/法语the sameas 与一样-beautiful beaches美丽的海滩 Tiananmen Square天安门广场 10. 功能意念：谈论家庭：We are the Smith family. I love my family. 讨论年龄：-How old are you? -Im thirteen years old. 讨论位置:-Where is it? -It is above/beside/behind表示祝贺：-Happy birthday!-Thank you.谈论职业：Whats your father？/What does your father do?-He is a worker.Unit6: 购物：May I help you? Yes, please. Id like to buy How much is this? 65 yuan. I will take it. 问路：Excuse me. Can you help us? We are looking for the bookstore. Where is it?交通:How can we get there. We can ride our bikes. We can take Bus 42. Go down this street. Turn left at the traffic lights. Go straight. 动物：The panda looks cute. The tiger is hungry. The lion is lonely. The birds are happy. The monkeys are quiet. Unit7: 谈论天气：Autumn is nice and cool. Summer is hot. -How is the weather? -Its snowing.讨论日期：-What day is it today?-Its Monday today. -Whats the date today？-Today is December 19. Unit8: 讨论国家：Canadas flag is red and white. The capital city of the U.S. is Washington D.C. 谈论方位：Where is Canada? It is north of the U.S. This is north. North points up on a map. It is south of Canada.表示满意:Great! Right/Thats right!二、重点语法集训. 用be 动词的适当形式填空。1. I _ from America. 2. Jane and Tom _ my friends.3. My parents _ very busy every day.4. _ she from Jinan? 5. _ you American? 6. He _ in Class 4, Grade 1. 7. It _ a car. 8. They _ cars. 9. _ your mother in China? 10. _your friends in New York 11. What _his name? 12. These _ buses. 13. Those _oranges. 14. -How tall _ (be) your friend? -He is 1.65 metres tall.15. -How _you today? -I _fine, thank you. (be) 16. What class _ you in? 17.Helen_ a student. 18.My father_a cook. 19.Jacks friend_in Class One. 20.This _ my mother. 21.Your sisters_in Class Two. 22.what _this？ 23.That_her dog. 24. The cat_on the desk. 25.The books_under the table. . 用所给词的适当形式填空：1. -Are you OK today? -No, I have a _(head).2. We (not have) any soup or bread .3. Lets ( go) there ,too .4. Here (be) seven books . 5. She (not like) it .6. Nice (meet) you . 7. Im thirty. I want _(drink) some water. 8. Lets (sing ) a song . 9. Are you ready ( order ) ?10. Would you like ( have ) supper ? 11. She (have ) a pair of big eyes .12 Danny (not live ) in China . 13. May I ( borrow ) your pen ?14. ( open )your books, please 15. I often _(get) up at 6:00 in the morning. 16 16. -How many _ (foot) do you have? -Two.17. The boy and his mother (go ) home .18. These books (be) Li Mings.19. This is Jenny. She _(live) in Canada.20. I _(go) to work7 days every week.21Where_(do)she come from?22. Can you _(fly) a kite?23. We dont have any _(sandwich) or meat.24.Its time _(do) my homework.25.We are ready _ (play) basketball this afternoon. 按要求转换句型： 变否定句、一般疑问句并作肯、否回答：1. I watch TV every day. _2. Kate does her homework after school every day. _3. We do sports on the plground every morning._4. My father has supper in the evening._5. This is an eraser.一般疑问句: 肯定回答: 否定回答: 否定句: 特殊疑问句: 6. We are 1.6 metres tall.一般疑问句: 肯定回答: 否定回答: 否定句: 特殊疑问句: 7. I have two books. 一般疑问句: 肯定回答: 否定回答: 否定句: 特殊疑问句: 8. Those are vegetables.一般疑问句: 肯定回答: 否定回答: 否定句: 特殊疑问句: 9. Its time to go to school.(改为同义句) Its time .10.Are you Sue Read ? （否定回答） _, Im_.11. My hair is black,（对划线部分提问）_ _is you hair?12. I want to have a glass of milk. (同义句)I _ _to have a glass of milk.13. -May I borrow your pen?(补全答语) -Sure,_ _ _.14. She is my good friend.（一般疑问句） _she _good friend?15. They are English boys.(改为单数句) He _ _English boy.16. Is this your dress?(改为复数句) _these your _?17. I feel tired. (划线提问) _ _you feel?18. My hair is long.(选择疑问句)_ your hair long _short?19. He is 1.65 metres tall.(划线提问) _ _is he ? 20. I cut my finger.(划线提问) _the _?21.He is a boy.(改为复数形式)_ _ boys.22.This is my English teacher.(改为复数形式)_ _ my English teacers.23.Wed like some soup.(一般疑问句及肯、否定回答)_you like _soup? Yes, _. / No, _.24. He is ready for school.(同义句) He is ready _ _ _ school.25. Shed like two cups of tea.(划线提问) _ _she like ?.动词短语考查：1.用所给短语动词的适当形式填空：watch TV have a cold be/get ready for see a doctor be full of go well with come from do ones homework have a good rest 1.You d better on Friday evening.2.I dont feel well. I I want 3.Its time for class. We class4.Danny like to go to the market. Because it delicious food.5.The white blouse is just right for you. It looks beautiful and it your red skirt.6. We in the classroom evening.7. Mr Jones Japan. He is a Japanese8. Youre sick. You must stay home and . 重要句型结构和知识点：What/how about 怎么样？about是介词，后面可跟名词、代词或动名词。Youd better+（not） 动词原形。=You had better(not)+ 动词原形。你（们）最好（不要） 做某事。（表建议） Id like sth.=I would like sth.=I want sth. 我想要某物。Id like to do sth.=I would like to do sth.=I want to do sth. 我想做某事。Time for sth.=Its time for sth.= Its time to do sth. 是的时间了非谓语结构：want to do sth = would like to do sth (想做某事) eg: I want to go home =Id like to go home.let sb. do sth.(让某人做某事) eg: Let me help you.be ready to do sth= be ready for sth.(准备做某事). eg: Are you ready to order? Its time to do sth. = Its time for sth. (是.的时间了) eg: Its time to go to school= Its time for school.2.some与any的用法。some一般用于肯定句中，如果是语气委婉、客气的一般疑问句也用some.eg: -Would you like some soup? -Yes, please. -May I have some meat? -Sure, Here you are. -Can I have some fruit? -Sure, Here you are. any 一般用于疑问句或否定句中。eg: I have some books -Do you have any books?No,I dont have any books.话题和功能意念：1.问姓名：-Whats your / his / her name? -My / His / Her name is 2.问地方：-Wheres the library/classroom?-Here / There it is.3.问身体状况-How are you? -Im fine, thanks. 4.见面问候-Nice to meet you! -Nice to meet you , too5.借东西-May I borrow your book,please? -Sure, Here you are.6.问颜色-What colour is the desk? -Its yellow.7.问最喜欢的颜色 -Whats your / his / her favourite colour ? -My / His / Her favourite colour is red. 8.选择大小-Is it big or small ? -Its big . / Its small.9. 问谁的-Whose hat is this? -Its Dannys.10.询问感受-How do you feel? -I feel happy / sad / warm / cool / tired. 11.选择长短-Is your hair long or short?-My hair is long 12.询问身高 -How tall are you ?-Im 1.65 metres tall. 13. 询问疾病 -Whats the matter? -My head hurts. / I have a headache.14. Im hungry. I want to eat. Im thirsty. I want to drink.15. 款待客人-Would you like some dumplings? -Yes, please ; No, thanks.-What would you like for breakfast? -Id like some bread. -Are you ready to order? -Yes, please. 16.成交. Ill take twelve, please.17.询问价格-How much for one hamberger ? -Ten yuan.-How much is one hot dog? -Five yuan.18. We dont have any sandwiches or milk=We have no sandwiches or milk.Unit 1-2 1.in China / Canada 2. Here you are 3.Youre welcome 4.how many 5.Thank you 6.look at7. an orange / umbrella / apple / eraser ；an orange coat an old dress 8. two yellow markers ；three white shirts ；four red apples； write with a pen / pencil / marker；walk to school=go to school on foot 9. open / close the door / window 10.on Sunday morning 11. too big / small for me 12. a pair of shorts / pants / shoes / socks 13. two pairs of socks / shorts / shoes / pants 11.其它： Class Ten , Grade Eight 八年级十班（注：每一个单词首字母要大写，中间用逗号）4. in the same class 在同一个班级（注：same前要有the，且它后面跟名词单数形式） 5. in different grades 在不同年级（注: 后接复数名词且不加the）6. (1)give sth. to sb.= give sb. Sth. 把某物给某人(2)tell sth. to sb.=tell sb. Sth. 告诉某人某事（3）tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人某事（4）buy sth. for sb.=buy sb. sth. 给某人买某物(5) bring sth. to sb.=bring sb. sth. 把东西带来/拿来给某人 其反义词是take(拿走，带走)（6）show sth.to sb.=show sb. sth. 把拿给别人看，出示7.(1) look like看起来像，看起来和一样(后接名、t代词)(2) look at 看着（强调看的动作）see表示看的结果(3). have a look（ at） 瞧一瞧，看一看 have a swim 游泳 (4)look for 找，寻找，强调找的动作。find表示找的结果 (5).look after 照顾，照看 ,相当于take care of (6).look the same 看起来一模一样8two big red apples 两个大红苹果(顺序为：数量+大小/长短+颜色+名词)20（1）in+颜色或in+a/an/the+颜色+名词 穿某颜色的衣服（介词短语作定语放在被修词后，如：the boy in black 穿黑衣服的男孩） in a purple coat 穿着紫色的上衣（2）in还有“在里面”和“用语言”如in a red car 在一辆红色的小车里 in English 用英语 （3）in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早上/下午/晚上in 2010 在2010年， in May 在五月， in spring 在春季 21.(1). help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 如 help her study Chinese 帮助她学汉语（2）want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 want to do sth.想要做某事 want to be a/an 想成为 “want+名词/代词”意为想要(3)let/get sb. do sth. 让某人做某事（4）ask sb. to do sth. 要求（叫）某人做某事 其否定形式为ask sb. not to do sth.要求某人不要做某事 22. .help each other 互相帮助23. learn from 向学习24. the Great Wall 长城 the Yellow River 黄河25. Thank a lot=Thank you very much 多谢26. notat all 一点也不，根本不27.(1)likevery much/a lot 非常/很喜欢（2）likea little 有点喜欢（3）not likeat all 一点儿也不喜欢28.（1）表示地点的介词at home=in ones home在家on a farm 在农场 on the sofa 在沙发上 in a factory 在工厂in a shop 在商场 in a school 在学校in a hospital在医院 in an office 在办公室（2）at表示某一个具体地点，一般指较小的地点，如：at the school gate 在学校大门口（3）in一般用来指大地方，如：in Shanghai 在上海 in China 在中国 in the USA 在美国29Of表示无生命名词的所有格，意为“的”，如:a map of China 一张中国地图 the window of the room 房间的窗户 a photo(picture) of my family 我家的一张全家福30. have a seat=take a seat=sit down 请坐，就座31.teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事teach sb. sth. 教某人某东西，如teach us English 教我们英语32. （1）live in+地点 住在某地（2）live with+人 和某人住在一起33.help oneself(to) 请随便，自用34.a bowl of rice 一碗米饭 two bowls of rice 两碗米饭a glass of water 一杯水数词+量词+of+不可数名词（不可数名词没有复数形式）35. （1）have sth. for breakfast 早餐吃have breakfast/lunch/supper(dinner) 吃早/中/晚饭have a drink 喝点饮料/酒（2）have classes 上课36.take ones order 记下顾客点的饭菜，点菜 37.something to drink/eat 喝/吃的东西38.eat out出去吃饭，下馆子 eat in 在家吃39.be kind to sb. /be friendly to sb. 对某人友好40. wait a moment 稍等，等一会儿41.such as 例如42. family tree 家谱43. Not at all.=Youre welcome.=Thats all right.=Thats OK.不客气，不用谢44.try on +名词 试穿 如：try on the shirt=try the shirt on 试穿这件衬衫。try+代词（宾格）+on 如：try it/them on45a pair of shoes 一双鞋 two pairs of pants 两条裤子 a bag of salt 一袋盐 two bags of salt 两包盐（salt为不可数名词） some coats 一些上衣 some milk 一些牛奶46.think of 觉得，认为 think about +名词/动名词 考虑47.all the same 虽然这样，尽管如此48.this morning 今天早晨 this year 今年49. for a picnic 野餐 for是介词，表示目的50.forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事（指事情还没有做） forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事（指做过或发生的事）51. go fishing 去钓鱼 go shopping 去购物 go swimming 去游泳 go skating 去滑冰52. have to 不得不，必须53. speak to 和说话54. be in=at home在家55. call sb. back 给某人回电话 call sb.=give sb. a call 给某人打电话56. be free=have time 有空的，空闲的57. five past one一点过五分 half past one 一点半a quarter past one 一点过十五 twenty to two 差二十分钟两点（一点四十分）注:(1)当分钟不超过30分钟（包括30分钟）时用past.(2)当分钟大于30分钟时用to.58. Its time to do sth. 该做了，是做的时候了 Its time for sth. Its time for sb. to do sth. 该某人做某事59. on ones way home 在某人回家的路上（home为副词，其前不加to） on ones way to school 在某人上学的路上(school为名词。On ones way to + 名词)60. thank sb. for sth.为某事而谢某人 如：Thank you for your milk.谢谢你的牛奶。Thank sb. for doing sth. 谢谢某人做了某事61.do some shopping 购物， 买东西62.next time 下次63. have fun /have a good time /enjoy oneself 玩得很愉快64fly a kite 放风筝65.worry about 担心66.the same to 对也一样67. （1）by+交通工具名称。意为“乘”中间不加限定词。如：by bike by bus by train by air/plane by car by ship/sea/boat/water by subway （2）on his /the bike on the train in his car on/in+the/ones+交通工具 表乘（3） on foot=walk(to) 走路，步行 如：I go to school on foot.= I walk to school.（4）by bike= ride a bike by subway =take the e on 快点儿69.on weekdays 在工作日，平日 on weekends在周末70do ones homework 做家庭作业71.watch TV看电视 see a movie=see a film 看电影72. go to school 去上学 at school 在学校；在上课73. go to bed 睡觉 go to the park去公园74. have a rest 休息 have a short rest 稍作休息75. in ones free time 在某人的业余时间里76. play+球类，不加冠词，“打球” 如：play basketball play soccer play+the +乐器，要加定冠词the,如：play the piano 弹钢琴77.and so on 诸如此类，等等78. few很少，几乎没有。修饰可数名词复数，表示否定。 a few 几个，一些，后接可数名词复数，表示肯定。如： few apples 几乎没有苹果 a few days 几天 little和a little修饰不可数名词，意思同上。79. for a little while=for a moment 一会儿80. be different from 与不同81at the moment= now 此刻、现在82. do well in sth./doing sth.在做得好= be good at sth./doing sth.擅长于83.on the shelves在架子上 in the library 在图书馆on the playground 在操场上84. （1）borrow借进，borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物（2）lend借出，lend sth. to sb.=lend sb. sth.把某物借给某人 （3）keep保留多久，借多久85. return sth. to sb.=give sth. back to sb.把某物还给某人86. on time 按时，准时 指正好在规定时间内。in time 及时 指按预定的时间还有富余。87. all the same 一直，同样88. Lost and Found 失物招领处89. put your coat on= put on your coat 穿上你的外衣。90. show sb. around 领某人参观，带某人巡视91. at the back of 在后面(指在范围内部的后面)in the front of在前面（指在某范围内部的前面）in front of在前面（指在范围外部的前面）91. love doing sth.喜欢做某事92. (1)talk to sb.=talk with sb.和某人交谈talk about sb./sth. 谈论某人/某事 “ talk”谈话，指随意地（2）say说/讲，指讲话的内容。Speak说话，演讲，讲语言tell告诉，讲述speak English 说英语 sayin English 用英语说tell sb. sth.告诉某人某事tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某事tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事93. be over 结束（指状态） end 结束；完成(指动作)94. on Wednesdays 在星期三 at 8 oclock 在八点钟95. learn about 了解 learn to do sth.学做某事learn学会，学到 强调学习的成果或学习作具体的事。Study 学习，钻研，研究 强调学习的过程和研究性学习。96. work on 从事 work out 计算出97. very much=a lot 非常。98. betweenand在和（两者）之间99fromto从到100care about 在意，关心，关怀 101. Be