初中宾语从句讲解 (new).docx

啥是宾语从句？Unit 6 2014-12宾语从句在句子中充当宾语的成分，也就是说如果一个句子中的宾语是由一个完整的句子构成的，那么这个句子就叫做宾语从句。宾语从句要注意以下三大点。一、宾语从句可分为三类。1. 由that引导的宾语从句（从句本身是一个陈述句）。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.跟踪练习：a. These flowers are from Guangdong. He said. （变成含有宾语从句的复合句）He said _ these flowers _ from Guangdong.b. There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didnt know. （同上）Jack didnt know _ there _ _ a meeting in five days.2. 由连接词who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句（从句本身是一个特殊疑问词）。例如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I dont know why the train is late.跟踪练习：a. How many people can we see in the picture? He wants to know. （同上）He wants to know _ in the picture?b. Where did she park (停泊) her car? Do you know? （同上）Do you know _ her car?c. When were you born? Please tell me. （同上）Please tell me_3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句（从句本身是一个一般疑问句）。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。 （if、whether 一般情况下可以互换，但在构成whetheror not 句式只用whether）例如：I want to know if (whether) he lives there.He asked me whether (if) I could help him.I wonder whether she will come or not tomorrow.跟踪练习：a. Can they speak French? I want to know.I want to know _French.b. Are the children playing games? Tell me.Tell me _ the children _games.c. Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang.Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang _ homework yet.二. 宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：I hear (that) physics isnt easy. （陈述句的语序） Can you tell me how I can get to zoo? （陈述句的语序）Please tell me when well have the meeting. （陈述句的语序）I dont know whether he will come to my party or not. （陈述句的语序）l 如何变为陈述句语序？Just have a try Is she a worker? Will they do it ?_Can you answer this question?_ _Whose pen is it ? _Are there any pens on the desk?_ Do you speak English? _ Does he play football?_ How are you ?_What are you doing ? Why are you so late ?_Where do you live ? How old are you? _ What does she like best? Whats wrong with Kate ? _三. 宾语从句的时态1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。如：l I dont think (that) you are right.l Please tell us what they bought in the mall yesterday.l Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：He asked what time it was.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.He asked if you had written to Peter.He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.跟踪练习：a. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher