2015高考英语一轮-选修八-Unit-5复习题及答案解析.doc

Unit 5Meeting your ancestors.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。M：Miss Dermott, let me ask you straight away. Do you think, within a few years, many people could be working at home instead of working in _1_？W：Oh, yes. Its happening now. You see, the communication industry _2_(make) much progress in the last ten years.新*课标*第*一*网M：And how do these people manage to work? I mean, what equipment do they have at home?W：Well, they have a television set, a computer, a printer, and a telephone _3_(connect) with other computers.M：Oh, I see._4_ surely therere some advantages in being able to work at home.W：Yes. _5_ at home, people dont have to spend a lot of time getting to and back from their work places. The rush hours are the time of day with the _6_(slow) traffic. Millions of people have to get up early to avoid the rush hours.M：Ah, yes, I see. What do you think about the conditions of home workers?W：Oh, let me tell you _7_ might become of them. In the future a British firm in, for example, London，_8_ employ clerks in Belfast, or a Paris company could have their secretaries in Spain, and then _9_ just use a telephone to call around for _10_ labor.答案1.offices2.has made3.connected4.But5Working6.slowest7.what8.might9.they10the.完形填空体裁：夹叙夹议话题：感染他人词数：314难度：建议用时：16分钟A man hired a taxi outside the airfield.The cab had a woolen carpet with _1_ lace edges.On the glass partition that _2_the drivers seat was a copy of a famous painting.Its windows were all clean.The customer was very much _3_ and said to the driver，“Ive never seen a nicer _4_.”“Thank you for your praise.”the driver answered _5_.“The car isnt mine，”said the driver.“It belongs to the company.I used to be a _6_ of cabs.When they returned，all of them were as _7_ as garbage cans with cigarette butts and rubbish _8_ here and there.On the seats and doorhandles could be found something _9_ like peanut sauce or，chewing gum.Why so？I thought if the car itself were very clean the passengers would most _10_ be considerate and refrain from littering.”“So when I got a_11_ to be a taxidriver，I began to _12_ my idea into practiceto tidy and _13_the car.Now before a new passenger gets on my car，Id make a check and be sure it is in good order.When my car _14_ after a days work，it always remains _15_.”x_k_b_1When doing a thing，one makes efforts and wants to see the result.To change others，one has to make twice the _16_but get half the result.To change oneself is the other way roundmore fruit with less effort.One had better ask oneself why one makes _17_on others much more than on oneself._18_ you take enough care to do as best you can for other peoples sake，your efforts will yield results.If you _19_ the inner world of your own，examine yourself and wipe out the dust and dirt，instead of fixing your eyes on other people，you will find a cheerful _20_ for yourself and create a pleasant environment for others.【解题导语】出租车司机自己把车里车外打扫得一尘不染，并且装饰了一番，这样避免了乘客乘车乱扔垃圾。这就告诉我们：要想改变别人，就要先为他人着想，这样才能得到你想要的结果。1A.ugly BexcitingCbrilliant Dfavoritex k b 1 . c o m答案C既然羊毛地毯的花边能吸引到乘客，肯定颜色鲜艳(brilliant)，并且下文也提到窗明几净。2A.separated BcoveredCprotected Dprevented答案A司机的座位和乘客之间用玻璃或其他物体隔开。所以separate符合语境。3A.moved BannoyedCdisappointed Dsurprised答案D毛毯好看，隔离带是一幅名画，而且窗明几净，顾客当然会感到惊奇(surprised)。4A.seat Bcarpet Cgarage Dcab答案D根据上文“A man hired a taxi outside the airfield.The cab had a woolen carpet.”可知cab就是指taxi。5A.suddenly BsmilinglyChopefully Ddoubtfully答案B听到乘客赞扬，司机面带微笑地(smilingly)表示感谢。6A.driver BcleanerCrepairer Dcustomer答案B依据第3段第1句可知后来主人公当了司机。既然每天等司机们的车回来，能看到车内的情况，最有可能是清洁工(cleaner)。7attractive BpleasantCdirty Dclean答案C由下文“garbage cans with cigarette butts and rubbish”可知车内和垃圾桶一样脏，故选C项。8A.spread BextendedCdotted Dleft答案Dwith cigarette butts and rubbish left意为“烟头和垃圾丢得(left)到处都是”。9A.funny Bbusy Csticky Dclumsy答案C句意：在座位和门的把手上黏着(sticky)一些像是花生酱和口香糖的东西。10A.likely BwillinglyCextremely Dregularly答案A句意：如果我把车内收拾干净，乘客就有可能(likely)为我考虑，控制自己不扔垃圾。11A.permit BlicenseCcertificate Dpassport答案B要想成为一位司机，驾照(license)是必不可少的。12A.put Btake Cmake Dget答案Ao practice是固定短语，意为“把付诸实践”。13A.provide Bdrive Cdecorate Ddescribe答案C由第1段可知带花边的毛毯和名画都属于装饰，所以decorate符合语境。14A.speeds Bleaves Carrives Dreturns答案D句意：当我开了一天车回来(returns)时，车内依然一尘不染(spotless)。15A.spotless Bpretty Cbright Ddirty答案A见上题解析。16A.progress BeffortCattempt Dtrial答案B为了改变别人，自己要付出双倍努力，但效果却只有一半。make efforts/make an effort“作出努力”。17A.suggestions BcommentsCdemands Ddecisions答案C句意：有人会问为什么一个人总对别人提出的要求(demands)比自己的多呢。make demands on sb“对某人提出要求”。xkb118A.Though BWhile CAs DIf答案D句意：如果(If)你为别人着想，尽心尽力去做事，就会收到成果。19A.look into Blook forClook up Dlook through答案A句意：如果你看一下自己的内心世界，自我反省，揭去“灰尘”和“污垢”，而不是盯着别人的缺点，你就可以让自己心情(mood)愉悦，并且为别人营造宜人的环境。look into“往里面看”。20A.spirit Bmood Cmind Dsense答案B见上题解析。.阅读理解A体裁：说明文w w w .x k b 1.c o m话题：产品介绍词数：326难度：建议用时：6分钟(2013福建，B)Your glasses may someday replace your smartphone，and some New Yorkers are ready for the switch.Some in the city cant wait to try them on and use the maps and GPS that the futuristic eyewear is likely to include.xkb 1“Id use it if I were hanging out with friends at 3 am.and going to the bar and wanted to see what was open，” said Walter Choo,40，of Fort Greene.The smartphonelike glasses will likely come out this year and cost between $250 and $600，the Times said，possibly including a variation of augmented(增强的) reality，a technology already available on smartphones and tablets(平板电脑) that overlays information onto the screen about ones surroundings.So，for example，if you were walking down a street，indicators would pop_up showing you the nearest coffee shop or directions could be plotted out and come into view right on the sidewalk in front of you.“As far as a mainstream consumer product，this just isnt something anybody needs，” said Sam Biddle，who writes for G.“Were accustomed to having one thing in our pocket to do all these things，” he added，“and the average consumer isnt gonna be able to afford another device(装置) thats hundreds and hundreds of dollars.”9to5Google publisher Seth Weintraub，who has been reporting on the smartphonelike glasses since late last year，said he is confident that this type of wearable device will eventually be as common as smartphones.“Its just like smartphones 10 years ago，” Weintraub said.“A few people started getting emails on their phones，and people thought that was crazy.Same kind of thing.We see people bending their heads to look at their smartphones，and its unnatural，” he said.“Theres gonna be improvements to that，and this a step there.”【解题导语】文章介绍了一款新的像智能手机一样的眼镜，这款眼镜现在普通消费者还买不起，但是也有人认为在未来它会像现在的手机一样普及。1One of the possible functions of the smartphonelike glasses is to _.Aprogram the opening hours of a barBsupply you with a picture of the futureCprovide information about your surroundingsDupdate the maps and GPS in your smartphones答案C细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“.possibly including a variation of augmented(增强的) reality，a technology already available on smartphones and tablets(平板电脑) that overlays information onto the screen about ones surroundings.”可知，C项正确。2The underlined phrase “pop up” in the third paragraph probably means “_”Adevelop rapidly Bget round quicklyCappear immediately Dgo over automatically答案C词义猜测题。由划线词所在句“So，for example，if you were walking down a street，indicators would pop_up showing you the nearest coffee shop or directions.”可猜测pop up为“突然出现”的意思。3According to Sam Biddle，the smartphonelike glasses are _.Anecessary for teenagersBattractive to New YorkersCavailable to people worldwideDexpensive for average consumers答案D细节理解题。由第四段第二句“.the average consumer isnt gonna be able to afford another device (装置) thats hundreds and hundreds of dollars.”可知这种新产品价格高，普通消费者负担不起，所以答案为D项。4We can learn from the last two paragraphs that the smartphonelike glasses _.Amay have a potential marketBare as common as smartphonesCare popular among young adultsDwill be improved by a new technologyxk|b|1答案A推理判断题。由第五段中的“.he is confident that this type of wearable device will eventually be as common as smartphones.”和第六段最后一句“Theres gonna be improvements to that，and this a step there.”可知，这种眼镜有潜在的市场。只有A项符合语境。B体裁：议论文话题：工作方式词数：374难度：建议用时：8分钟Multitasking(2013北京，D篇)People who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once, a new research suggests.The findings, based on performances and selfevaluations by about 275 college students, indicate that many people multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity, but because they are easily distracted (分心) and cant focus on one activity.And “those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things，” said David Sanbonmatsu, a psychologist at the University of Utah.Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues gave the students a set of tests and asked them to report how often they multitasked, how good they thought they were at it, and how sensationseeking (寻求刺激) or impulsive (冲动)they were.They then evaluated the participants multitasking ability with a tricky mental task that required the students to do simple mathematical calculations while remembering a set of letters.Not surprisingly, the scientists said, most people thought they were better than average at multitasking, and those who thought they were better at it were more likely to report using a cellphone while driving or viewing multiple kinds of media at once.But those who frequently deal with many things at the same time were found to perform the worst at the actual multitasking test.They also were more likely to admit to sensationseeking and impulsive behavior, which connects with how easily people get bored and distracted.“People multitask not because its going to lead to greater productivity, but because theyre distractible, and they get sucked into things that are not as important，” Sanbonmatsu said.Adam Gazzaley, a researcher at the University of California, San Francisco, who was not a member of the research group, said one limitation of the study was that it couldnt find out whether people who start out less focused tend toward multitasking or whether peoples recognizing and understanding abilities change as a result of multitasking.The findings do suggest, however, why the sensationseekers who multitask the most may enjoy risky distracted driving.“People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations.” said Paul Atchley, another researcher not in the group.“This may partly explain why people go in for these situations even though theyre dangerous.”【解题导语】一项新的研究表明很多人多项任务同时处理不是出于提高创造性，而是因为他们容易分心而不能专注于一项活动中去，并且事实证明那些人在处理不同情况方面很糟糕。5The research led by Sanbonmatsu indicates that people who multitask _.Aseek high productivity constantlyBprefer handling different things when getting boredCare more focused when doing many things at a timeDhave the poorest results in doing various things at the same time答案D细节理解题。文章第一段第二句“And those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things”及文章第四段第二句“But those who frequently deal with many things at the same time were found to perform the worst at the actual multitasking test.”知选答案D项。6When Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues conducted their research, they_.Aassessed the multitasking ability of the studentsBevaluated the academic achievements of the studentsCanalyzed the effects of the participants tricky mental tasksDmeasured the changes of the students understanding ability答案A细节理解题。文章第二段第二句“They then evaluated the participants multitasking ability with a tricky mental task that.”，知他们评价学生的多项任务处理能力，而不是其它能力，故选A项。7According to Sanbonmatsu, people multitask because of their _.Alimited power in calculationBinterests in doing things differentlyCinability to concentrate on one taskDimpulsive desire to try new things答案C细节理解题。文章第一段第二句及第四段知人们多项任务处理是因为他们不能专注于一项任务之上，故选C项。8From the last paragraph, we can learn that multitaskers usually_.Adrive very skillfullyBgo in for difficult tasksCfail to react quickly to potential dangersDrefuse to explain the reasons for their behavior答案C细节理解题。文章最后一段第二句“People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations.”可知多项任务处理者们通常对潜在危险不能迅速作出反应。故选C项。C体裁：议论文话题：学习方法词数：306难度：建议用时：7分钟Grownups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since.A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water.He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away.He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son.A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins“Twinkle，twinkle，little star”or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.One explanation is the law of overlearning，which can be stated as follows：Once we have learned something，additional learning trials increase the length of time we will remember it.In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming，bicycle riding，and playing baseball long after we have learned them.We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as“Twinkle，twinkle，little star”and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks.We not only learn but over learn.The multiplication tables(乘法口诀表)are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school，because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.The law of overlearning explains why cramming(突击学习)for an examination，though it may result in a passing grade，is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course.By cramming，a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination，but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned.A little overlearning，on the other hand，is really necessary for ones future development.【解题导语】有些东西我们学过之后就永生难忘，而有些东西则恰恰相反。文章解释了原因，称这是过度学习和突击学习两种不同学习方法所导致的结果。9What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?APeople remember well what they learned in childhood.BChildren have a better memory than grownups.CPoem reading is a good way to learn words.DStories for children are easy to remember.答案A主旨大意题。根据文章的首句“Grownups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since”可知选A项。10The author explains the law of overlearning by _.Apresenting research findings Bsetting down general rules Cmaking a comparisonDusing examples答案D推理判断题。结合文章内容可以看出作者通过举例子的方法来证明自己的观点，故答案为D项。11According to the author，being able to use multiplication tables is _.w w w .x k b 1.c o mAa result of overlearningBa special case of crammingCa skill to deal with math problemsxkb 1Da basic step towards advanced studies答案A细节理解题。根据第4段最后一句话中的“.because they are another of the