英文音标发音规则学习.doc

英语发音规则音节: 开音节和闭音节开音节: 以读音的元音字母结尾的重读音节叫绝对开音节（be, me, no, she）；以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母（r除外）再加上一个不发音的e结尾的重读音节叫相对开音节(came, fine, hope, like)。闭音节: 以一个元音字母加一个或几个辅音字母（r除外）结尾的音节是闭音节（）。一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音 元音字母 a 在开音节中 ei name plane Jane baby cake 在闭音节中 bag dad hat map black back e 在开音节中 i: he these me Chinese 在闭音节中 e bed let pen desk yes egg i 在开音节中 ai bike fly drive time nice kite在闭音节中 i fish big drink sit milk swim o 在开音节中 ou those close go hoe home no在闭音节中 clock not box shop sock u 在开音节中 ju: student excuse duty Tuesday在闭音节中 bus cup jump much lunch 在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读u:音,例如:June blue ruler super 二,元音字母在非重读音节中的读音 a China another woman breakfast i orange comrade village cabbage e hundred student open weekend i chicken pocket begin children i / i holiday beautiful family animalai exercise satellite o second tonight somebody welcome u also zero photo u autumn difficult ju: popular congratulation January 动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读ei音,例如:operate u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读u(:)音,例如:July influence February issue 三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音 a在w音后面 want what watch wash quality a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 a: after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father i在-nd -ld和gh前 ai find child light high o在-st -ld前 u most postcard old cold o在m n v th前 come monkey love mother 四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 ar在w音后面 a: car farm dark sharpener : warm quarter towards or在w音后面 : forty morning short : word worker worse er ir ur : certainly bird Thursday 辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音.例如: carry sorry hurry -r音节在非重读音节中通常读E音,例如: dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday 五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 are care dare hare ere here mere ire fire hire wire ore more score before ure pure cure are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读 音,例如:picture pleasure 重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元音字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母Rr读r音. 例如: parent zero story during inspiring 六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音 ai/ay ei afraid rain wait day play air ai air hair chair pair repair al在f m前 small ball talk wall all always also salt almost bald a: half calm au/aw : autumn daughter draw ea i: teach easy cheap please e heavy bread sweater weather ei break great ear hear dear near clear year bear pear wear earth learn early ee i: jeep week green three eer pioneer deer beer ei/ey ei eight neighbour they i: either key eu/ew在 j l r s后 ju: new few newspaper u: flew brew ie/eis音之后 i: piece field receive oa u coat Joan boat goal oar/oor : roar board door floor oi/oy i noise point boy toilet oo u: broom food tooth school u book look cook foot good ou/ow au flower house count down u know row throw though young country enough u: group you soup our : course your four au our hour ours : journey ui 在j l r s后 ju:i fluid suicide tuition u: juice fruit suit 七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音 ai/ay ei/ey i Sunday foreign monkey ow u yellow sparrow tomorrow 元音字组在非重读音节中读 音或 i . 例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee -sion -tion n impression nation -sion在元音字母后 n vision decision occasion -tion在s后 t n question suggestion -sten sn listen -stle sl whistle -sure pleasure measure -ture t picture culture 八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音 复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读.例如: everyday ei handbag blackboard : 有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词.其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音. 例如: sun太阳 + dayei日子 Sundayi 星期天 holy神圣 + dayei日子 holidayi 假日 break中断 + fasta:斋戒 breakfast 早餐 cup茶杯 + board木板 : cupboard 碗柜 九,辅字组的读音 b b bike bus bag /bomb tomb c在e前或在i/y前 k cake picture coat music s face decide cinema ch t much chick rich teacher k school headache chemistry machine -ck k cock pocket black knock d d doctor bread hand day-dge d bridge fridge dr- dr children driver drink f f five four breakfast g在e i/y前 g bag garden go d orange large German gh f cough enough / light daughter high gu- -gue gu在非重读音节中 guess league dialogue w language anguish h h hot head house hand / hour honest j d jeep jar joke join July k k kind bike skate make week kn- n knife know knock l l life milk school tall m m monkey come autumn -mn m autumn column n在k g音前 n not shine ten note uncle thank hungry -ng morning young wrong p p paper plane pig ship pen ph f elephant photo telephone q k Iraq qu- kw quality quite r r red rubber ruler s在词首或清辅音前 元音字母间或浊辅音前 s sit sleep desk z music husband sc- sk scarlet s muscle science sh she fish shirt wash t在通常情况下 在弱读字母ia ie io前 t ten letter meet patient nation tch t watch th在通常情况下 在冠词 代词 介词 连词中 在词尾-the -ther中 thin thirty method the these with than clothe father weather tr- tr tree train country truck v v very voice love leave w w week win wake sweet wait / answer two wh- wh-在字母o前 w what when white why h who whose whole x 在重读元音前 ks box text exercise gz example exist exact wr- r write y- j yes yard yellow young z z puzzle zero zoo 重读音节 单词中读音特别响亮的音节.用音标标记双音节,多音节词的读音时,应使用重读符号.单音节词多数是重读音节,标记读音时不需要使用重读符号. 开音节 绝对开音节:单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节.例如:no blue ba-by stu-dent se-cret. 相对开音节:单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母,再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节. 例如:name these bike home ex-cuse. 闭音节 单个元音字母后面有辅字组(r w y 除外)且以辅字组结尾的重读音节.例如:bag egg fish not cup 多音节词重读规则 多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读. 例如: el-e-phant con-grat-u- la-tion 词尾有-ic或-tion,-sion的词,在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读.例如:scien-tific im-pression nation/question/9114227.html英语发音连读的规则：连读的条件：相邻的两词在意义上必须密切相关，同属一个意群。连读所构成的音节一般都不重读，只需顺其自然地一带而过，不可读得太重，也不可吞音。(连读符号：)(1)“辅音 元音”型连读在同一个意群里，如果相邻两词中的前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这就要将辅音与元音拼起来连读。ImanEnglish boy.Itisanold book.Let me havea lookatit.Ms Black worked inanoffice lastyesterday.I calledyou halfanhourago.Putiton, please.Notatall.Please pickitup. (2)“r/re 元音”型连读如果前一个词是以-r或者-re结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这时的r或re不但要发/r/，而且还要与后面的元音拼起来连读。Theyre my fatherand mother.I looked forit hereand there.Thereis a football underit.Thereare some books on the desk.Hereis a letter for you. Hereare foureggs.But whereis my cup?Whereare your brotherand sister? 但是，如果一个音节的前后都有字母r，即使后面的词以元音开头，也不能连读。The black clouds are coming nearer and nearer.（nearer与and不可连读） (3)“辅音 半元音”型连读英语语音中的/j/和/w/是半元音，如果前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以半元音，特别是/j/开头，此时也要连读。Thankyou.Nice to meetyou.Didyou get there lateagain?Wouldyou likea cupof tea？Couldyou help me, please?“音的同化”常把/d/ /j/读成/dV/，did you听上成了/did u/，would you成了/wud u/，could you成了/kud u/。 (4)“元音 元音”型连读如果前一个词以元音结尾，后一个词以元音开头，这两个音往往也要自然而不间断地连读到一起。Iam Chinese. Heis very friendly to me.She wants to studyEnglish.Howand why did you come here?She cant carryit.Itll take you threehours to walk there.The question is tooeasy for him to answer. (5)当短语或从句之间按意群进行停顿时，意群与意群之间即使有两个相邻的辅音与元音出现，也不可连读。Isit ahat or a cat?（hat与or之间不可以连读）Thereisa good book in my desk. （book与in之间不可以连读）Can you speakEnglish or French? （English与or之间不可以连读） Shall we meet ateight or ten tomorrow morning? （meet与 at，eight与or之间不可以连读）She opened the door and walkedin. （door与and之间不可以连读）失去爆破6个爆破音有3对/p/，/b/，/t/，/d/，/k/，/g/失去爆破，又叫不完全爆破，就是在某些情况下，只须做出发音的准备，但并不发音，稍稍停顿后就发后面的音。(1)“爆破音 爆破音”型6个爆破音中的任意2个相邻时，前一个爆破音会失去爆破，即由相关的发音器官做好这个发音的姿势，稍做停顿后即发后面的爆破音。The girl in the re(d) coat was on a bla(ck) bike jus(t) now.The bi(g) bus from the fa(c) tory is full of people.Wha(t) time does he get up every morning? This is an ol(d) pi(c)ture of a bi(g) car.The ol(d) do(c)tor has a ca(t), too.Were going to work on a farm nex(t) Tuesday.What would you like, ho(t) tea or bla(ck) coffee?Its a very col(d) day, but its a goo(d) day.You can put i(t) down in the bi(g) garden.I bought a chea(p) book, but its a goo(d) book. (2)“爆破音 摩擦音”型如果前面是爆破音，其后紧跟着某些摩擦音（如/f/，/s/，/W/，/T/等），那么前面那个爆破音仅有十分轻微的爆破，而后面那个摩擦音则要完全爆破。 6个爆破音有3对/p/，/b/，/t/，/d/，/k/，/g/失去爆破，又叫不完全爆破，就是在某些情况下，只须做出发音的准备，但并不发音，稍稍停顿后就发后面的音。(1)“爆破音 爆破音”型6个爆破音中的任意2个相邻时，前一个爆破音会失去爆破，即由相关的发音器官做好这个发音的姿势，稍做停顿后即发后面的爆破音。 The girl in the re(d) coa