西北大学非英语专业专业学位硕士研究生英语考试复习资料.doc

Unit oneVocabularyI. choose the answer that best complete each sentence1. A number of _works of art have been sold as genuine.A. false B. beautiful C. famous D. forged2. To _ones power is commit a crime and eventually end up in jail.A. accuse B. abuse C. deduce D. excuse3. Seeing the speeding car, the policeman_the driver to pull up at the curb.A. reckoned B. beckoned C.softened D. stiffened 4. Unfortunately he hit a traffic jam and missed the train_ a few minutes.A. with B. by C. before D. for5. She gave a clear and_account of her plans for the companys future.A. lucid B. dull C. unclear D. ambiguous6. Isnt it rather_to talk about how much money you earn?A. polite B. boring C. vulgar D. pleasant7. The books will he_free to local schools.A. contributed B. tribute C. attributed D. distributed8. The editor required him to_some details of the article.A. omit B. permit C. summit D. illuminate9. Few of us can be unmoved by the_of the Romanian orphans.A. light B. might C. plight D. moonlight10. I have to_my reputation.A. detect B. protect C. intact D. preventII. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.1. In the US, school superintendent is in charge of the schools in a particular area2. Thousands of people came out onto the streets to attest their support for the democratic opposition party3. The expensive purse is made of genuine leather4. Can you turn this article into English?5. She took a glance at her watch.6. I know why this happened. You dont have to find any excuse.7. He was evicted from the pub for drunken and violent behavior.8. This emperor is said to have paid many personal visits to various counties disguise as an ordinary citizen.9. Every year she makes a large donation to a worthy cause.10. Children often have very vivid imagination.Translation1. Most parental-excuse notes I received back in those days were Penned by my students. Theyd been forgingexcuse notes since they learned to write, and if I were to, and if were to confront each forger Id be busy 24 hours a day.我每天收到以父母名义写的请假条，很多是学生自己写的。自从他们学会写作之日起，就开始编假请假条。如果我要是一一追究，那好，简直一天24小时都闲不下来。2. My heart sank as the principal entered, along with the superintendent of schools. Neither acknowledge me. They walked up and down, peering at papers. The superintendent picked one up, showed it to the principal.当校长和学监走进来时，我的心直往下沉。他们都没和我打招呼，径直走到学生面前，盯着看学生的作文。学监拿了一份给校长看。3. Sooner or later, I figured, everyone needed an excuse. Also, if we sang today we could sing tomorrow, and why not? You dont need axe excuse for singing. 我悟出，总有一天，人人需要借口。如果我们今天唱歌，明天照样可以唱，为什么不呢？高兴的时候哼哼小调需要借口吗？Unit 2Men V.S. (against) Women男女有别Text(Let)Men Go to Their Caves and Women (go to their) Talk1男女顺其自然John Gray1 One of the biggest differences between men and women is how they cope with (deal with) stress. Men become increasingly focused and withdrawn while women become increasingly overwhelmed (defeated) and emotionally involved. At these times (At these moments), a mans needs for feeling good (良好的感觉) are different from a womans (needs). He feels better by solving problems while she feels better by talking about problems. Not understanding and accepting these differences creates (leads to) unnecessary friction (conflict) in our relationships (marriages). Lets look at a common (常见的) example.2 When Tom comes home, he wants to relax and unwind (=relaxed) by quietly reading the news. He is stressed (bothered) by the unsolved problems of his day and finds relief (解脱-relieve) through forgetting them.3 His wife, Mary, also wants to relax from her stressful day. She, however, wants to find (relieve-) relief by talking about the problems of her day. The tension slowly building (strenthening累积) between them gradually becomes resentment (hatred).4 Solving this problem for Tom and Mary depends not on how much they loved each other but on how much they understood the opposite sex. Without knowing that women really do need to talk about problems to feel better, Tom would continue to think Mary talked too much and resist listening to her. Without knowing that Tom was reading the news to feel better, Mary would feel ignored and neglected. She would persist in trying to get (make) him to talk when he didnt want to. Coping with stress on Mars2 and Venus35 When a Martian (火星人) gets (becomes) upset he never talks about what is bothering him. He would never burden (vt. bother) another Martian with his problem unless his friends assistance (help) was necessary to solve the problem. Instead (On the contray) he becomes very quiet and goes to his private cave4 (corner) to think about his problem, mulling it over to find a (to solve a problemto answer a question) solution. When he has found a solution, he feels much better and comes out of his cave.6 If he cant find a solution then he does something to forget his problems, like (such as) reading the news or playing a game. By disengaging (release) his mind (brain) from the problems of his day, gradually he can relax. If his stress is really great it takes (needs) getting involved with something even more challenging, like (such as) racing (drving) his car, (compete-) competing in a contest, or climbing a mountain.7 When a Venusian (woman) becomes upset (nervous) or is stressed by her day, to find relief, she seeks out (find) someone she trusts and then talks in great detail about the problems of her day. When Venusians (women) share feelings of being overwhelmed, they suddenly feel better. This is the Venusian (woman) way. Finding relief in the cave.8 When a man is stressed he will withdraw into the cave of his mind (心灵的空间/时间：独处的时刻) and focus on solving a problem. He generally (usually) picks (choose) the most urgent problem or the most difficult. He becomes so focused (absorbed) on solving this one problem that he temporarily loses awareness of everything else. Other problems and responsibilities fade into the background (退到幕后).9 At such times (at such moments), he becomes increasingly distant, forgetful, unresponsive, and preoccupied in his relationships. His full awareness (conscience) is not present because he is mulling (thinking) over his problem, hoping to find a solution. The more stressed he is, the more gripped (occupied聚精会神) by the problem he will be. At such times he is incapable of giving a woman the attention and feeling that she normally (usually) receives and certainly deserves. If, however, he can find a solution, instantly (immediately/ at once) he will feel much better and come out of his cave; suddenly he is available (free) for being in a relationship again.10 However, if he cannot find a solution to his problem, then he remains (stick: n./vi.) stuck (cornered) in the cave. To get (free) unstuck (released) he is drawn to solving little problems, like (such as) reading the news, watching TV, driving his car, doing physical exercise, watching a football game, playing basketball, and (so on and) so forth. Any challenging activity that (initiate-) initially (=previously) requires only 5 percent of his mind (mental energy脑力) can assist (help) him in forgetting his problems and becoming unstuck. Then the next day he can redirect his focus to his problem with greater success (=more successfully). be at sb.s wits endFinding relief through talking11 When a woman is stressed she instinctively feels a need to talk about her feelings and all the possible problems that are associated with her feelings. When she begins talking she does not (priority-) prioritize the significance of any problem. If she is upset, then she is upset about it all, (no mater it is) big and small. She is not (medium介质) immediately concerned with (=worry about sth./ sb.) finding solutions to her problems but rather seeks relief by expressing herself and being understood. By randomly talking about her problems, she becomes less upset (nervous).12 As a man under stress tends to (likely) focus on one problem and forget others, a woman under stress tends to expand and become overwhelmed (defeated) by all problems. By talking about all possible problems without focusing on problem solving she feels better. Through exploring her feelings in this process (过程) she gains (gets) a greater awareness (understanding) of what is really bothering her, and then suddenly she is no longer (not anymore不再) so overwhelmed.13 To feel better, women talk about past problems, future problems, potential problems, even problems that have no solutions. The more talk and exploration, the better they feel. This is the way women operate (live). To expect otherwise (in a different way) is to deny a woman her sense of self (the right to be a woman)5. 14 When a woman is overwhelmed (defeated) she finds relief through talking in great detail about her various problems. Gradually, if she feels she is being heard, her stress disappears. After talking about one topic she will pause and then move on to the next. In this way she continues to expand talking about problems, worries, disappointments, and (frustrate-) frustrations. These topics need not be in any order and tend to be logically unrelated. If she feels she is not being understood, her awareness (knowledge) may expand even further, and she may become upset about more problems.15 Just as a man who is stuck in the cave needs little problems to distract him, a woman who doesnt feel heard will need to talk about other problems that are less immediate (=urgent) to feel relief. To forget her own painful feelings she may become emotionally involved in the problems of others. In addition (Besides/ Furthermore) she may find relief through discussing the problems of her friends, relatives, and associates (=colleagues). Whether she is talking about her problems or others problems, talking is a natural and healthy Venusian reaction (response) to stress.Vocabulary I. Choose the answer that best completes each sentence.1. He was _ with gratitude (n. thankfulness) to Professor Brown for helping him.A. excitedB. concerned (worried)C. overwhelmed (occupied)D. interested2. The _ between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits has been greatly relaxed.A. (intend-) intentionB. tensionC. tenseD. attention3. The scholarship helped Martin to tide over (go through/ overcome) a _ embarrassment.A. temporaryB. contemporary(同时代/ 当代的)C. temporal(temporal)D. tempting (attract)4. We should enhance (strong-strength-strengthen) peoples _ that caring for the aged is the traditional virtue (品质、道德) of Chinese culture.A. excitementB. knowledgeC. understanding D. awareness (idea/ ideology意识形态)5. I dont grudge (scorn/ look down upon蔑视/ accept) him his success, that is (i.e./ namely也就是说), I admit he _ it.A. (Indian) preserves (n预留)B. conserves(保护)C. deserves (该得到) D. reserves (保留/ 含蓄)6. While （Although） people traditionally _ caring, sharing and (generous-慷慨大度) generosity in life and work, modern people seem to be more self-absorbing and self-concerned (=selfish).A. valueB. regard (=consider: vt.)C. prioritize(优先考虑)D. (commodity日用品-)commoditize (to market as a product vt. 使商品化)7. You cant regard him as a friend but (excerpt) a business _.A. (relate A to B-) relativeB. associate (colleague)C. comrade同志D. (speak-spoke-spoken-) spokesman发言人8. I will calm (a./vt.平静) down and seriously _ over my work and teaching methodology in order to take them to a new level (水平/ 高度).A. mullB. mumbleC. mute (quiet)D. mock (=laugh at/ ridicule)9. Im in a puzzle as to (about/ as far as something is concerned就而言) how to _ the new situation (处境).A. figure out (=work out)B. lie (位于/ 存在于) with (together with与在一起)C. work on 在做D. cope with处理/ 对付10. Leaders who _ education are neither far-sighted (远见) nor mature (成熟), and they are therefore (因此) unable to lead the drive (desire/ motivation) for (modern-modernize-) modernization.A. neglectB. omitC. respect (尊敬)D. avoidII. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.stressinitialinvolverandomforgetdistractengageseekwithdrawsignificantexpandcapableavailablepreoccupyresentment1. Someone who is cool and calm (a./vt.) in stressful situations is level-headed (头脑冷静).2. Richard resents being interrupted while he is working.3. You were too preoccupied to notice (1.广告海报；2.vt.无意中发现) me at the bus stop yesterday.4. As I grow (=become) older I become increasingly forgetful.5. All the children were involved in the school play(剧目/ 戏剧).6. His (honest-) honesty made him incapable of lying.7. She (withdraw) withdrew her previous (以前的) remarks (评论), and (apology-) apologized.8. There are too many (attract-attraction) distractions in the hotel for me to work properly (=well).9. That invention is of great commercial significance (commercially significant).It is very important= It is of great importance.10. This book is an (expand-) expansion (拓展) of the play he wrote before.TranslationPut the following paragraphs into Chinese.When a woman is stressed she instinctively feels a need to talk about her feelings and all the possible problems that are associated with her feelings. When she begins talking she does not prioritize the significance of any problem. If she is upset, then she is upset about it all, (no mater it is) big and small. She is not immediately concerned with finding solutions to her problems but rather seeks relief by expressing herself and being understood. By randomly talking about her problems, she becomes less upset.女人有压力时，会直觉地需要找人谈自己的感受以及所有可能与之相关的问题。她一旦开始谈论，就不会顾虑到问题的优先顺序。而她一难过，不论大大小小的事都让她沮丧不已。她并不急于马上寻求解答，而宁可通过倾诉自我，获得理解来取得纾解。通过随意倾诉自己的问题，她会感觉好受一点。Bonus Below are some expressions about fine arts.(symbolize-) symbolism象征主义impressionism印象主义expressionism表现主义Art Nouveau (Nouva)新艺术主义surrealism超现实主义(nature-natural-) naturalism自然主义abstract art抽象主义(cube) cubism立体派，立体主义; cubic meter立方米；square meter平方米fauvism野兽派Baroque巴洛克式Unit 3Vocabulary I . Choose the answer that best completes each sentence.1. Thomas holds a belief (=believes) in the _ nature of reality. believe sb.相信某人的话；believe in sb.=trust sb.信赖某人; believe in sth.持有某种信仰A. dualB. bothC. eitherD. twin (孪生子)2. I think that the Christian baptism (洗礼) is by complete _ of the person in water.A. (immense巨大的-) immensityB. immersionC. immorality不道德 immortal不朽D. immaturity不成熟3. Man has a(n) _ need for love and (nurture-) nurturing (养育). nurtureeducationA. easyB. elementary(=basic) C. submerging(没入)D. direct (adj.直接的; vt.指引方向)4. This building represents the post-modernist _ in architecture. (arch-/ arc-:穹顶); bishop-archbishopA. markB. trench壕沟/ 战壕C. (social) trend趋势D. (personal) tendency趋向5. One common Chinese _ is that the elders ought to be respected. respect: vt./n.尊敬；respectable值得尊敬的；respectful毕恭毕敬的；respective各自的A. noticeB. ideaC. (object to) objection反对 D. notion6. This was the moment (time) when Spielbergs (job-) career (事业/生涯) really _.A. kept off保持距离 B. cut off切断 C. got off从下来 D. took off开始/ 起飞7. For low income families, mortgages (抵押贷款) are hard to _.A. come by(=get)B. come in C. come backD. come over8. He was appointed (任命) as the director to _ a team of investigators. invest投资A. overlook忽略(vt.) B. supervise监督(vt.) C. check (n./vt.)支票/审查/监控D. supply (vt./n.)供应9. The company _ the new perfume (香水) with prime-time commercials (commercial advertisements) on the major networks (网络). be at ones prime time正当年A. startedB. beganC. launchedD. initiated10. Youll meet the same word again in a _ different context (上下文/ 语境).A. slightlyB. (delicate精巧的-delicacy美食) delicatelyC. lightlyD. rarely=hardly, seldom/ scarcely几乎不II. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.under wayin response tovirtuallyambitioussubstantialconcreteproponentjointlyfrom scratch initiaterecruitbe in a position to executivesecondarypaste1. Despite (In spite of) some slight recovery, the world economic crisis is stillunder way. 2. My husband holds a position as the executive director (行政主管) of a drama troupe (group剧团).3. The city was virtually paralyzed by the transit (transportation运输) strike.4. He then attempted (=tried) something more ambitious, a novel of 200,000 words.5. He startedfrom scratch when he came to America.6. Ministry of Education introduced (引进) more flexible (灵活机动的) policy for colleges to recruit minority students.7. Buying cars in the second-hand market, you are in a position to bargain (make a bargain讨价还价).8. The lawyer was confident to win the case, for he had the concrete evidence needed to convict (vt.证明.有罪;n.罪犯).9. Barack Obama won 2008 presidential election by a substantial margin (=gap).10. The (price) prize was given to a young proponent on womens education in Kenya for his work to ensure (make sure that/ see to it that确保得以实现) the rights of citizenship of women.Part IITranslationParis is enrolled in a dual immersion program at the Glenwood Elementary School here in which the pupils-half native Chinese, half English speakersdo their lessons in two languages. The program is indicative of one of the fastest-growing curriculum trend