医院病房管理系统毕业设计（论文） .doc

大连交通大学信息工程学院毕业设计(论文)任务书题 目 医院病房管理系统任务及要求：1.设计（研究）内容和要求任务：1、 调查医院病房管理系统当前技术的发展近况，完成实习报告，字数不少于3000，第三周交给指导老师。2、 结合自己实习情况安排进度，填写进度计划表，第二周完成后交给指导老师签字，并严格执行。3、 按照软件工程思想，独立完成系统的设计和程序开发，完成代码估计2000行左右。4、 用javaee技术实现医院病房管理系统。5、 程序简洁，算法可行，运行情况良好。要求：1、 每周和指导老师至少见面沟通一次，回报课题进展情况，接受老师询问。2、 接到任务书后，查阅与题目及专业相关的外文资料进行翻译，要求不少于10000个外文字符，译出汉字不得少于3000，于第四周交给指导老师审阅。3、 毕业设计第13周完成毕业论文的装订，并由指导老师评阅。论文要求12000字以上，包括综述、系统总体设计、系统实现、性能分析、结论等。4、 教学第13周通过中软及教研室组织进行软件验收，验收时要提供软件使用说明书。5、 于第13周提出毕业答辩申请并签字。6、 第14 周答辩，要求制作ppt。2.原始依据通过大学几年的学习，已经学习了诸如软件工程、数据库原理及应用、数据结构、c+、visual basic、java等多门程序设计语言和网络等基础知识和专业知识，学生有能力而且可以独立完成小中型项目的设计与开发。学校现有设备和环境可以提供给学生实习和上机，而且具有专业老师可以指导学生。3.参考文献1 b.bruegge.a.h.dutoit.面向对象软件工程m.北京:清华大学出版社.2002.32 craig larman.uml和模式应用面向对象分析和设计导论m.北京:机械工业出版社.2009.23 grady booch.james.rumbaugh.ivar，jacobson.uml用户指南m.北京:机械工业出版社.2010.24 grady booch，james，rumbaugh.ivar，jacobson.uml参考手册m.北京:机械工业出版.2008.25 郑人杰.实用软件工程m.北京:清华大学出版社.2010.106 郑阿奇.sql server 2005实用教程m.北京:电子工业出版社.2006.57 钱雪忠.数据库管理及应用m.北京.北京邮电大学出版社.2007.58 狄祥义.java2实用教程m.北京:清华大学出版社.2006.69 赵强.j2ee应用开发m.北京:电子工业出版社.2006.810 狄祥义.jsp实用教程m.北京:清华大学出版社.2007.4指导教师签字：教研室主任签字： 年 月 日大连交通大学信息工程学院毕业设计(论文)进度计划与考核表学生姓名韩天奇专业班级软件工程08-1班指导教师常敬岩史 原本课题其他人员无题目医院病房管理系统日期计划完成内容完成情况指导老师检查签字第1周拟订毕业论文进度计划与考核表第2周完成实习或调研报告第3周提交外文文献翻译资料第4周系统概要设计阶段第5周系统详细设计阶段第6周系统编码实施、完成论文初稿第7周完成系统编码实施第8周系统编码调试、提交论文初稿第9周完成系统编码调试、完善毕业论文第10周完成撰写毕业设计论文编写及代码测试第11周完成论文终稿、准备毕业论文打印、装订第12周提交毕业论文终稿及代码第13周完成毕业论文第14周毕业论文答辩指导教师签字： 年月日注：“计划完成内容”由学生本人认真填写，其它由指导教师考核时填写。大连交通大学信息工程学院毕业设计(论文)外文翻译学生姓名 韩天奇 专业班级 软件工程08-1班 指导教师 常敬岩史原 职 称 高工 讲师 所在单位 信息科学系软件工程教研室 教研室主任 刘瑞杰 完成日期 2012 年 4 月 13 日on site construction technologythe development of network technology for todays global information exchange and sharing funding source in the establishment of contacts and provide more channels and possible. homes will be known world affairs, according few keyboard or a few mouse clicks can be distant friends thousands of miles away exchanges, and online communications, internet browsing, on-line interactive, e-commerce has become a modern part of peoples lives.internet era, has created the new peoples work and lifestyle, the internet, openness and sharing of information model, breaking the traditional mode of information dissemination many barriers for people with new opportunities. with computers and the advent of the information age, the pace of the advance of human society in gradually accelerated. in recent years the development of web design, fast people occupied. with the development of web design, a colorful online website together one scenic beauty. to design aesthetic and practical web site should be thoroughly master the building techniques. in building site, we analyzed the websites of objectives, contents, functions, structure, the application of more web design technology.web site identified the tasks and objectives, the building site is the most important issue. why people will come to your website? you have a unique service? the first people to your website is to what? they will come back? all these issues must be taken into account when the site definition of the problem. definition site to, first of all, the entire site must have a clear understanding of what the design should understand in the end, the main purpose of the mission, how to carry out the task of organization and planning. second, to maintain the high-quality web site. many websites in the face of strong competition from high-quality product is the greatest long-term competitive advantage. an excellent web site should have the following:(1) users visit web site is faster.(2) attention to the feedback and updates. to update the content of the website and timely feedback the users requirements;(3) home design to be reasonable. home to the first impression left by visitors is important, the design must be attractive in order to have a good visual effect.the content of the web site is to be a new, fast, all three sides. the content of the website, including the type of static, dynamic, functional and things to deal with. website content is determined in accordance with the nature of the site, in the design of the site, commercial websites, popular science site, company websites, teaching and exchange websites, the content and style are different. we have established websites with the nature of these types of sites are not the same.(1) site structure; (2) definition of navigation; (3) visual design; (4) framework and design pages.with increasing demands on design, high style, high-grade design work before gaining popularity. this also to the designers have put forward higher requirements, from this point of view, the plate design is to meet the requirements of the people should be and health. the rapid development of science and technology, the internet into millions of households, also produced a new design space, and a new web design an important part of the field of design. excellent web design, we must have good creative, so that the audience can be difficult to shift attention long time, produce power. layout is very important, through text, graphics space portfolio, can best express harmony with the united states. if you want to further understand website design, made separately from other web sites homepage, you need to have more like css, javascript and other web design technology. in building on the site of the css, javascript and other web design technology.css application design website (1) what is css? css is a style sheet (stylesheet) technology. some of them called css (cascading stylesheet).(2) the combination of css and html form. mode 1: the css content, as defined in the writing between the labels. mode 2: css will be preserved as a separate text file, and then from labels to call. (3) css the web site of examples. the web site pages, and increase the following definition so that the pages show with special effects.the jsp page will eventually converted into servlet. therefore, fundamentally, the jsp page can execute with any tasks can be servlet to complete. however, this low-level doesnt mean servlet and identity for all the jsp page circumstance all equal applicable. the question is not technical capacity, but both in convenience, productivity and maintainability of different. after all, in particular platform can use java programming language complete the matter, also can use assembly language to complete, but to choose which language is still very important.and servlet use alone, compared to provide the following benefits:jsp tags in html compilation and jsp are more simple maintenance. can use routine jsp html: no extra backslash, no extra double quotation marks, and no implied java syntax.can use the standard web development tools. even for those who know nothing of jsp the html tools, we can also use, because they will ignore the jsp tags (jsp tags are useless).can divides the development team. java programmer can be devoted to dynamic code.in fact, the jsp document in the background be automatically converted into servlet. but writing (and modify) conventional html, println statements than countless generating html much more accessible. in addition, through with content separation, will say for different people can assign a different task: web designers use familiar tools for building html, either servlet programmers theroom insert dynamic content, either through xml tags indirectly invoked dynamic content. does this mean that you can only learn the jsp, will cast aside servlet? of course not! because the following four reasons, jsp developers need to understand servlet: (1) the jsp page will convert servlet. dont understand how servlet cannot know the jsp. (2) the jsp by static html, appropriative jsp tags and java code component. which type of java code? of course is servlet code! if you dont understand, then we cannot servlet programming write the code. (3) some tasks than with servlet complete with jsp to finish better. the jsp good at generating by a large organization orderly structured html or other character data composed of pages. servlet good at generating binary data, building structure and to perform a variety of page output little or no output tasks (such as redirection). (4) some task is more suitable for combination to use servlet and jsp to complete, rather than only use servlet or jsp. compared with javascript javascript and java programming language is completely different event, the former general for dynamic generation on the client browser load the document in html, when part of constructing web pages. this is a useful function, the function of general with jsp (only in the server running) not occur overlap. and the conventional html page is same, the jsp page can still including in javascript script tags. in fact, the jsp even dynamic generation can be used to send to client javascript.therefore, javascript is not a competitive technology, it is an added technology. javascript can also use in the server for the most attention is the iplanet a-one (from before), iis and broadvision server. however, java flexible, reliable and more powerful can transplantation. compared with webmacro and is not perfect. due to the jsp many people have been points out that can improve the function of jsp tags. this is a good thing, jsp advantage this specification is one of the many different companies forming corporate control. therefore, in the subsequent version, the technology can be coordinated improvement. however, some organizations have developed based on java alternative technologies, trying to make up the insufficiency. according to our judgment, such doing is wrong.with the popularity of the internet, more and more government departments, companies and individuals aware of the need to have their own independent web site. below on the design and production sites on some of their own experience.after conducting systematic analysis end, we should carry out system design. web page design similar to the development of software design, top-down, bottom-up and continuous updating, and other design methods. the main task is to design the content of the sites, including the website information organization structure, appearance, content block, navigation and links, directory structure design. system design is the site ready before the concrete realization of the website to further the realization of more specific requirements, the overall effect on the website, local details have a clearer idea. this entire process is the key site planning.next is how to achieve their own web site design issues. the realization of the site, i think the need to be considered in two parts: the realization website; web servers can be achieved. in the process of achieving website, technology selection is very important. former major use html language, the stronger the interactive website, the proposed use of asp, jsp, php and other programming to help achieve, the more complex web site may also have its own database. the latter is based on all kinds of different operating systems used web server software installation and debugging. this stage is the whole process of the most important and most time-consuming part.when we completed the work, the need for website released. at this stage of the production on the website drawing to a close, the main task is to do a good job in the website release to the network, the web site for final modifications, testing, homepage can guarantee normal operation of the network.published in the website after website to deal with various aspects of the tests, including the possibility of any different web browsers, different visitors have shown normal, asp, jsp, php normal procedure can work, and so on. this stage is the website of trial operation period, the website at this time should be to make up for various shortcomings, the website will be more perfected.what are application frameworks:a framework is a reusable, semi-complete application that can be specialized toproduce custom applications johnson. like people, software applications are more alike than they are different. they run on the same computers, expect input from the same devices, output to the same displays, and save data to the same hard disks. developers working on conventional desktop applications are accustomed to toolkits and development environments that leverage the sameness between applications. application frameworks build on this common ground to provide developers with a reusable structure that can serve as the foundation for their own products.a framework provides developers with a set of backbone components that have the following characteristics:1. they are known to work well in other applications.2. they are ready to use with the next project.3. they can also be used by other teams in the organization.网站建设技术网络技术的发展，为今天全球性的信息交流与建立源共享和交往提供了更多的途径和可能。足不出户便可以知晓天下大事，按几下键盘或点几下鼠标可以与远在千里之外的朋友交流。在线通信、网上浏览、网上交互、网上电子商务已成为现代人们生活的一部分。互联网时代，造就了人们新的工作和生活方式，其互联性、开放性和共享信息的模式，打破了传统信息传播方式的重重壁垒，为人们带来了新的机遇。随着计算机和信息时代的到来，人类社会前进的脚步在逐渐加快。近几年网页设计发展快得让人目不暇接。随着网页设计技术的发展，丰富多彩的网页成为网上一道亮丽的风景线。要想设计美观实用的网页就应该深入掌握网站建设技术。在建立网站时我们分析了网站建立的目的、内容、功能、结构,应用了更多的网页设计技术。网站所确定的任务和目标，是建设网站所面临的最重要的问题。为什么人们会来到你的网站? 你有独特的服务吗?人们第一次到你的网站是为了什么?他们还会再来吗?这些问题都是定义网站时必须考虑的问题。要定义网站，首先，必须对整个网站有一个清晰认识，弄清到底要设计什么、主要的目的与任务、如何对任务进行组织与规划。其次，保持网站的高品质。在众多网站的激烈竞争中，高品质的产品是长期竞争的最大优势。一个优秀的网站应具备：（1）用户访问网站的速度要快；（2）注意反馈与更新。及时更新网站内容、及时反馈用户的要求；（3）首页设计要合理。首页给访问者留下的第一印象很重要,设计务必精美,以求产生良好的视觉效果。在网站的内容方面,就是要做到新、快、全三面。网站内容的类型包括静态的、动态的、功能的和事物处理的。确定网站的内容是根据网站的性质决定的,在设计政府网站、商业网站、科普性网站、公司介绍网站、教学交流网站等的内容和风格时各有不同。我们建立的网站同这些类型的网站性质均不相同。（1）网站结构；（2）定义导航；（3）视觉设计；（4）设计框架和页面。随着人们对设计的要求越来越高，高格调，高品位的设计作品才深受人们的欢迎。这也就给设计者们提出了更高的要求，从这个角度说，板式设计正是满足了人们的要求应需而生。科技的飞跃发展，让internet 走进了千家万户，也产生出新的设计领域空间，而网页设计成为新的设计领域的重要内容。优秀的网页设计必须有好的创意才能使观者视线久久难移产生震撼力。版面设计是很重要的，通过文字、图形的空间组合能最佳的表达出和谐与美。如果想进一步认识网页设计，做出有别于一般网站的网页就需要掌握更多的象css 、javascript 等网页设计技术。在网站的建设中就应用了css 、javascript 等网页设计技术。css应用程序设计的网站（1）什么是css ? css 是一种样式表(stylesheet)技术。也有的人称之为层叠样式表( cascading stylesheet)。（2）css与html的结合方式。方式一：将所定义的css内容书写在这一对标签之间。方式二：将css内容单独保存为一个文本文件,再由标签来调用。（3）css在网站中的应用事例。在网站中的页面,增加了以下的定义, 使页面有特殊的显示效果。jsp页面最终会转换成servlet。因而，从根本上，jsp页面能够执行的任何任务都可以用servlet来完成。然而，这种底层的等同性并不意味着servlet和jsp页面对于所有的情况都等同适用。问题不在于技术的能力，而是二者在便利性、生产率和可维护性上的不同。毕竟，在特定平台上能够用java编程语言完成的事情，同样可以用汇编语言来完成，但是选择哪种语言依旧十分重要。和单独使用servlet相比，jsp提供下述好处：jsp中html的编写与维护更为简单。jsp中可以使用常规的html，没有额外的反斜杠，没有额外的双引号，也没有暗含的java语法。能够使用标准的网站开发工具。即使那些对jsp一无所知的html工具，我们也可以使用，因为它们会忽略jsp标签（jsp tags）。可以对开发团队进行划分。java程序员可以致力于动态代码。实际上，jsp文档在后台被自动转换成servlet。但是编写（和修改）常规的html，要比无数println语句生成html要方便得多。另外，通过将表示与内容分离，可以为不同的人分配不同的任务：网页设计人员使用熟悉的工具构建html，要么为servlet程序员留出空间插入动态内容，要么通过xml标签间接调用动态内容。这是否表示您只可以学习jsp，将servlet丢到一边呢？当然不是！由于以下4种原因，jsp开发人员需要了解servlet：（1）jsp页面会转换成servlet。不了解servlet就无法知道jsp如何工作。（2）jsp由静态html、专用的jsp标签和java代码组成。哪种类型的java代码呢？当然是servlet代码！如果不了解servlet编程，那么就无法编写这种代码。（3）一些任务用servlet完成比用jsp来完成要好。jsp擅长生成由大量组织有序的结构化html或其他字符数据组成的页面。servlet擅长生成二进制数据，构建结构多样的页面，以及执行输出很少或者没有输出的任务（比如重定向）。（4）有些任务更适合于组合使用servlet和jsp来完成，而非单独使用servlet或jsp。与javascript相比javascript和java编程语言完全是两码事，前者一般用于在客户端动态生成html，在浏览器载入文档时构建网页的部分内容。这是一项有用的功能，一般与jsp的功能（只在服务器端运行）并不发生重叠。和常规html页面一样，jsp页面依旧可以包括用于javascript的script标签。实际上，jsp甚至能够用来动态生成发送到客户端的javascript。因此，javascript不是一项竞争技术，它是一项补充技术。javascript也可以用在服务器端，最因人注意的是sun one（以前的iplanet）、iis和broadvision服务器。然而，java更为强大灵活、可靠且可移植。与webmacro和velocity相比jsp决非完美。许多人都曾指出过jsp中能够改进的功能。这是一件好事，jsp的优势之一是该规范由许多不同公司组成的社团控制。因此，在后续版本中，这项技术能够得到协调的改进。但是，一些组织已经开发出了基于java的替代技术，试图弥补这些不足。据我们的判断，这样做是错误的。随着互联网的普及，越来越多的政府部门、公司和个人意识到需要拥有自己的独立网站。下面就设计和制作网站谈谈自己的一些体会。在进行完系统分析之后，我们就应该进行系统的设计。网页的设计类似于软件开发的设计，有自顶向下、自底向上和不断增补等设计方法。主要任务是网页内容的设计，包括网页的信息组织结构、外观、内容分块、导航与链接、目录结构等设计。系统设计是网站具体实现前的准备，对网页的实现进一步提出更具体的要求，对网页的整体效果、局部细节有更明确的设想。这个过程是整个网站规划中的关键。接下来就是如何将自己设计的网站实现的问题。对于网站的实现，我认为需要考虑两部分：网页的实现；web服务器的实现。在网站实现的过程中，技术选型很重要。前者主要使用html语言，对于交互性较强的网站来说，建议采用asp、jsp、php等编程来辅助实现，更为复杂的网站可能还会有自己的数据库。后者则用到各种基于不同操作系统的web服务器软件的安装、调试。这个阶段是整个过程中最主要也最耗时的一部分。当我们完成了上述工作后，就需要进行网页发布了。到了这个阶段，网页制作就接近尾声，主要工作是把做好的网页发布到网络上，对网页作最后的修改、测试，保证网页能在网络上正常地运行。在网页发布以后，应对网页进行各个方面各种情况的测试，包括网页能否对任何不同的浏览器、不同的访问者都表现正常，asp、jsp、php程序能否正常工作等等。这个阶段是网页的试运行期，此时应把网页的各种缺陷尽量弥补，使网页更加完善。经过一段时期的运行，网站就进入了正常运行期，主要工作是及时更新网页过时的信息，及时对访问者的留言做出反馈，进一步完善网页，不断采用新的技术更新升级网页，使网页的访问更迅速，外观更美观，信息资源更丰富。什么是应用框架：框架（framework）是可重用的，半成品的应用程序，可以用来产生专门的定制程序。像人一样，软件应用的相似性比不同点要多。它们运行在相似的机器上，期望从相同的设备输入信息，输出到相同的显示设备，并且将数据存储到相同的硬盘设备。开发传统桌面应用的开发人员更习惯于那些可以涵盖应用开发同一性的工具包和开发环境。构架在这些公共基础上的应用框架可以为开发人员提供可以为他们的产品提供可重用服务的基础架构。框架向开发人员提供一系列具有以下特征的骨架组件：1已经知道它们在其它程序上工作得很好；2它们随时可以在下一个项目中使用；3它们可以被组织的其它团队使用；大连交通大学信息工程学院毕业设计(论文)调研报告学生姓名 韩天奇 专业班级 软件工程08-1班 指导教师 常敬岩史原 职 称 高工 讲师 所在单位 信息科学系软件工程教研室 教研室主任 刘瑞杰 完成日期 2012 年 4 月 6 日实习报告1 课题来源及意义由于我国地区经济发展的不平衡，在一些落后的西部偏远地区，很多医院甚至没有适合自己的住院管理系统，即便有了自己的管理系统，也只是功能单一，未考虑到广大患者及其家属对获得治疗信息的渴望。相对而言，在中小型的医院中管理的信息化覆盖的还不是很完全。而中小型医院往往可以缓解大型医院的住院压力。但是大型的信息管理系统无论是使用还是日常维护，所需的费用都是中小型医院难以接受的，因此就需要一款简便的管理软件来改变这一现状。本课题正是致力于此目的，让医生、患者对患者在住院期间的情况得以了解，消除患者的紧张情绪并让医生得到更多的时间来服务其他患者。开发此系统最直接的目的就是为医院病房管理提供一种更加高效、实用的管理手段，为病人信息的存储、统计、分析、交流提供一种更加快捷、安全的信息平台。而其最终目的是通过对此医院病房管理系统运用可以减少大量的人工操作，以及在人工操作中由于人为因素而引起的数据错误，保证病人信息数据的安全性和完整性，使病人管理人员能够轻松，正确无误地完成各项工作。医院管理系统是每一个医疗机构管理病人及医师收入和支出的不可缺少的一个管理信息系统，它的内容对于医疗机构的管理者来说是至关重要的，所以医院管理系统应该