商务英语毕业论文范文下载.doc

武汉工程大学邮电与信息工程学院 毕业设计（ 论 文） 论文题目 Differences between Chinese and Western Food Cultures 论中西方饮食文化差异 学 号 0946510220 学生姓名 熊亚琴 专业班级 2009级商务英语2班 指导教师 陈平香 总评成绩 2012年 4 月 7 日 ContentsAbstract in Chinese.Abstract in English . 1. Introduction .11.1 Chinese and western different ways of thinking1.11.2 Chinese and western different philosophy.1.22 Two different edited idea.22.1 The western diet idea2.12.2 The Chinese diet idea2.23 Differences the between Chinese and western diet object33.1 Chinese and western food of different materials3.13.2 Chinese notice vegetarian.3.23.3 Weston to nutrition at tent3.34 The different ways of diet.44.1 Dining way and tableware.4.14.2 Dining etiquette.4.24.3 Culture on the influence of Chinese and western diet way4.35 Chinese and western diet future prospects.56 Conclusions.6 6.1 The difference of diet idea.6.1 6.2 The differences between Chinese and western diet object.6.2 6.3 The difference of eating habits.6.3. 6.4 The differences of the diet culture characteristics.6.4 Acknowledgements .Bibliography 摘 要 饮食是人类生活生活、生存与发展的必需，在人类社会的发展中 ，各国的饮食也逐渐形成了自己独特的文化。就中西方的饮食而言，由于文化传统的差异，导致了中西方饮食文化的差异。文章首先介绍了中西文化饮食的现状，以及饮食文化产生的原因，然后从饮食观念，饮食特征，饮食对象等方面分析了中西方饮食文化的差异，最后对中西方饮食文化的未来进行了探讨 。通过研究这些差异，我们可以了解中西方各自的文化传统，促进中西文化的交流，同时能对中国文化进行改善和创新。关键词 ：饮食文化；文化传统；差异 Abstract Diet is absolutely necessary in the existence and development in the life of mankind .In the development of human society ., the countries of the diet also gradually formed its own unique culture . On the diet between China and West , the Chinese and western diet cultures are different because of the difference s of traditional culture . This paper firstly introduces the present situation of Chinese and western cultural diet , and eating culture from the reasons , a and then from the diet idea , food feature , food object analyze the differences between Chinese and western food culture .Finally it talks about the future of the western diet culture . Through the research of is the present situation of Chinese and western cultural diet , and eating these differences , we can find out the western of their respective cultural tradition , promote the exchange of Chinese and western culture ，besides the culture of C a can improve and innovation .Key words：food culture ； cultural tradition ；Differences 1. Introduction Chinese and western diet store deface of allergen kinds in a great deal of , certainly these differences have a relativity , the exchange of the culture between east and west for thousands of years facilitates the constant integration of the China and western dietary culture too . Cross-Cultural communication under the globalize situation make various constant complementation and compatibility of dietary culture . Today , enjoying the diet with characteristics between east and west has already become the customary thing in contemporary peoples daily life . We see western oceangoing ships such as French sumptuous meal , McDonald , Kentucky , and so on . Everywhere on the street , and Chinese restaurant opened all over the whole world . The exchange of the dietary culture is existing in our daily life , and is aptly , “belt conveyor “ between different cultures . It has already become a kind of influence of enhanced culture day by day , is pro making culture of global economy to combine in the course constructing the function with much more greatly single more strength than any other globalization , also changing the whole world silently . The exchange of the cooking culture and appreciate , it is a cross-cultural communication category , and it is that one kind is not a language behavior . Studying the diet cultural difference in cross-cultural communication will make people promote mutual understanding , enjoy different feeling that different diet brings , promote the exchange , complementation between cultures and merge . 1.1 Chinese and western different ways of thinking Aiming at the differences between western countries and China in thinking manner , a comparative analysis has been made in this paper from the aspects of curve and beeline , resolution and integer , middlebrow and deflection . The advantages and disadvantages for each parties even the reasons of the differences have been put forward .1.1.1 Chinese and western different philosophy Chinas food culture has a long history and profound and arc-reaching influence and popular . It had undergone several thousand years of history development , has become a fine culture of the Chinese nation heritage , world food culture in the treasure house , a bright pearl . Some western countries ever join the countries of the immigrants , so these countries by countries diet culture influence, takes the best , and combined with his own eating habits , and form their own systems of diet civilization.2 Two different edited idea2.1 The western diet idea Western diet idea is a rational and stress of science diet idea. They emphasize the nutritional value of the diet, pay attention to food contains protein, fat, vitamin and how much heat, especially pay attention to the foods nutrition composition whether it is appropriate collocation, calories supply is just right, and whether these nutrients for dieters fully absorbed, try to keep food and original and natural nutrition, and not the pursuit of food color, fragrance, taste, shape of the perfect. Westerners believe that, food is only way of life to dine to appease hunger just, just that it adopt a more scientific, standardized and reasonable way. Such as their primary and middle schools are all equipped with nutrient division, to ensure adequate and balanced nutrition of teenagers. This scientific rational diet idea is worth reference for Chinese food. But at the same time this and that western food in materials by the limitations of the great. Such as westerners dont eat animals internal organs, they think no nutritional value of things. At the same time in the cooking skills also appears mechanical inflexible, steak is steak and chicken is chicken, various vegetables and never will hybrid changing, also wont change much figure. 2.1.1 The Chinese diet idea The Chinese diet emphasize perceptual and artistic quality, the pursuit of the taste of the food feeling, and do not pay attention to the foods nutrition composition, many from color, aroma, taste and shape wait for a respect to evaluate the quality of the diet quality, are in pursuit of a kind of hard to talk of artistic conception. Say simply, the Chinese eat is taste, taste is the charm of Chinese food. The purposes of the Chinese diet, besides dines cure hunger, and also meet the delicious desire, bring the pleasure of body and mind. With the harmonic of the United States, is China culinary art of the place of right. The Chinese diet emphasize the taste of feeling and have dinner spirit to enjoy, ignore nutritional analysis and nutrition reasonable collocation, it is one-sided. And the western diet should pay attention to scientific analysis and nutrition, although have the mechanical, but basically, it to maintain the healthy development of the human body is positive. Therefore, Chinese food in its development should draw the western food science concept; complement each other, making it more perfect. 3 Differences the between Chinese And western diet object3.1 Chinese and western food of different materials The west is a rational diet idea. No matter the food color, fragrance, taste, shape how to, and nutritional must be guaranteed, pay attention to a day to absorb how many quantity of heat, vitamin, protein, etc. Even if taste waking, also must eat to go down-because nutrition. In the banquet on, can pay attention to tableware, pay attention to materials, pay attention to service, pay attention to food raw material of the form, color aspects collocation; But no matter how luxury high-grade, from Los Angeles to New York, steak are only a kind of taste, no sense of art. As food, chicken is chicken, steak is steak, in spite of collocation, it is also in the pan, a plate of French sheep row, to put mashed potatoes, on the lamb, the other side with green beans cooked, add a few piece of tomato becomes. The color contrast, but in all kinds of raw materials on the taste on each other, mediate, each is different flavor, simple and clear. The Chinese diet has its distinctive charm, the key lies in its taste. And delicious produced, is to mediate, to make the food BenWei, heating the taste after cooked, add ingredients and accessories flavors and harmony of the dressing of flavor, interweave fusion coordination in together, to complement each other, mutual penetration, cozy, we are inseparable. Chinese cooking exquisite harmonic of the United States, is China culinary art of the place of right. Its shape and color is external things, and the taste is the inner thing, heavy internal and not decorate painstakingly appearance, the heavy food taste and not too revealed dishes shape and color, this is Chinas beautiful sex of the most important diet conception performance. Catering BBS is food entrepreneurs communication places3.1.1Chinese notice vegetarian Vegetarian motives vary from person to person, may be based on religion, may be out of health consideration, also may be economic factors, may also is in view of ecological and environmental protection concept. Different motives make vegetarians choose different ways of vegetarian. Vegetarian mainly divided into three classes: one is the pure vegetarian food, Mr. Zhou, also known as strictly vegetarian, it is to point to in the diet only food of plant, no any animal food, even the honey will not eat; 2 it is milk and eggs vegetarian, also known as the not strictly vegetarian, it is to point to a dairy diet and egg products and food of plant vegetarian; Three is milk vegetarian, it is to show in the diet can have milk and food of plant vegetarian3.1.2 Weston to nutrition at tent Western diet views more rational, whether food color, fragrance, tastes how, nutrition have to guarantee. For example the British, their breakfast cereal is usually blunt milk or a cup of fruit juice, with butter toast, bacon or Fried sausages and eggs. At noon, the children have lunch at school, adult lunch in the work place to buy a sandwich near, add a cup of coffee, sent settles. Only by the weekend, the British on the table will some great. Usually the main course is meat, such as: roasted chicken, roast beef, fish, etc. Vegetable varieties, such as cabbage, fresh peas, potatoes, carrots, etc. Vegetables generally no longer processing, packed in the pan, poured from the supermarket to buy back the ready-made and condiment edible. After the main course is always a digestible sweet food, such as cooking fruit, vs. pudding, cheese, ice cream, etc4 The different ways of diet4.1 Dining way and tableware Eating utensils of China food culture diversity is a great characteristic of. Special chopstick with eating and use it freely, economy is convenient, Europeans is acclaimed by art creation. The Chinese diet appliances from USES up points, beans, cans, taiga, cup, basin, bowl, box, urn, pot, retort, pan and so on; From material up points, ceramics, ceramic products, metal products and wood products, etc. With the improvement of productivity and human life level unceasing progress, eating utensils in material, quality, the form has the new changes. From the sui and tang dynasties began, has extensive use of gold and silver and precious metals by the system eating utensils, the folk, ceramic equipment used extensively in tang and song dynasties, China famous China overseas. Until the modern, ceramic tableware beautiful, brilliant, and to be the one of the bright spots in the diet culture and characteristics.4.1.1 Dining etiquette In China, any a banquet, whatever the purpose, will only have a kind of form, is all round and round, sharing a meal. Banquet with round table, this is creating a form from unity, manners, and were fun atmosphere. A table delicacies in the center of the people, it is both a table appreciation, the object of taste; it is a table of emotional communication medium. People drink a toast dishes for each other, each other, persuaded food, in the good things in front, embodies the mutual respect, and comity between people of virtue. Although the health perspective means of this kind of food have obvious deficiency, but it meets our national happy, the general state of mind, reflects Chinese classical philosophy and the category to offspring the influence of thought, facilitate collective emotional communication, and so far is difficult to reform.4.1.2 Culture on the influence of Chinese and western diet way Our country has a long history, the region is vast, geographical diversity, climate conditions is rich, animal and plant category is various, this all for our countrys food to provide the solid material base. Our ancestors in the long life practice, and constantly breeding and create a rich variety of food resources, which the countrys food source extensive anomalies Westerners uphold the nomads, sailing of the cultures of the descent, hunting, farming, aided by acquisition, planting is complementary, vegetarians are more, eat, wear, with all of the animals take in, even western medicine is from animals into the material taking refining. Pay more attention to animal protein and fat intake, diet structure, also by the animal figurines food is in the majority, is mainly beef, chicken, pork, mutton and fish. 5 Chinese and western diet Future prospects The western diet cultural differences are obvious, and each has his strong point. With the globalization of economy and information exchange speeding up, the Chinese and western food culture will be in collision integration in the integration of complementary. Now the Chinese table is increasing the proportion of meat and dairy food; Also, western food also began to Chinese food color, fragrance, taste, meaning and form of state development, Chinese and western food culture will in communication common development, people will enjoy more delicious, a faster, more nutritious food6 ConclusionsBy the test from this thesis ,we can easily find that there still exist various differences between Chinese and western dietary cultures . But with the development of cultural communication between China and the west ,China has imported various kinds of western food , known as the “KFC” . “DICOS. “McDonald”. These mark a new western food culture exchanges and infiltration . The impact brought about by economic globalization is stranger and deeper than the internationalization . Economic globalization is a double-edged sword , on one hand , it brings the vitality of economic growth and on the other hand , the dominant culture is put into other countries through strong economic and infiltrated every corner of the globe . Therefore , the cultural communication focus on how to assimilate advantages of the other countries culture , abandon itsshortcoming , and learn how to transform and make it localized , all countries need to stud