中医术语翻译.doc

中医术语翻译总结中医学Traditional Chinese medicine方剂学Formula study 中医基础理论Basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine 中医诊断学Diagnostics of traditional Chinese medicine 天人相应Correspondence between nature and human天人合一Harmony between man and nature表邪入里exterior pathogen entering the interior；肝气犯胃liver qi invading stomach祛风除湿dispelling wind and eliminating dampness；消肿止痛dispersing swelling and relieving pain阴阳学说yin-yang theory阴阳交感interaction of yin and yang阴阳对立opposition of yin and yang阴阳互根mutual rooting of yin-yang 阴阳消长waxing and waning of yin and yang五行学说five phase theory(五行相)生（mutual） engendering (of five phases(五行相)克Restraining of five phases(五行相)乘Overwhelming of five phases(五行相)侮rebellion of five phases亢害承制harmful hyperactivity checked for harmony 木曰曲直Wood bending and straightening火曰炎上Fire flaring up 土爰稼穑Earth sowing and reaping 金曰从革Metal clearing and changing 水曰润下Water moistening and descending气虚Qi deficiency气机失调Qi movement disorder 气机郁滞qi movement stagnation气滞Qi stagnation 气陷Qi fall/sinking气逆Qi counterflow气闭Qi block气脱Qi collapse十二正经Twelve (main/principal) meridians 十二经别 Twelve divergent meridians/meridian divergences 十二经筋 Twelve meridian sinews 十二皮部 Twelve cutaneous regions 奇经八脉Eight extra meridians 十五络脉 Fifteen collateral vessels 孙络tertiary collaterals 浮络 Superficial collaterals 阳明Yang brightness 太阳 Greater yang少阳Lesser yang太阴 Greater yin少阴Lesser yin厥阴Reverting yin督脉Governor vessel 任脉Conception vessel 冲脉Thoroughfare vessel 带脉Belt vessel 阴跷脉Yin heel vessel阳跷脉Yang heel vessel阴维脉Yin link vessel阳维Yang link vessel病因Cause of disease病机Mechanism of disease疾病Disease外感external contraction六淫six excesses疠气epidemic pathogen七情seven emotions内伤internal damage饮食不节dietary irregularities劳逸失度excessive activity外因External cause内因Internal cause不内外因cause neither internal nor external外邪external pathogen时邪seasonal pathogen合邪combined pathogen肝阳化风Liver yang transforming into wind热极生风Extreme heat engendering wind 阴虚内热yin deficiency with internal heat 阴虚火旺Yin deficiency with effulgent fire五志(气)化火five elements transforming into fire虚中夹实deficiency with excess complication表虚里实exterior deficiency and interior excess上虚下实upper deficiency and lower excess阴阳偏盛abnormal exuberance阴阳偏衰abnormal debilitation阴阳互损mutual detriment阴阳转化conversion阴阳格拒repulsion亡阴yin collapse亡阳yang collapse阴阳失调yin-yang disharmony阴阳两虚dual deficiency of yin and yang阴虚内热yin deficiency with internal heat阴虚阳亢yin deficiency with yang hyperactivity阴盛格阳exuberant yin repelling yang阳损及阴detriment to yang affecting yin阴虚湿热yin deficiency and dampness-heat阴虚血瘀yin deficiency and blood stasis阳虚寒凝yang deficiency with congealing cold阳虚水泛yang deficiency with water flood清阳不升clear yang failing to ascend阳竭阴脱yin exhaustion and yang collapse半表半里half-exterior half-interior表寒Exterior cold表热Exterior heat表虚exterior deficiency表实exterior excess风寒束表wind-cold fettering the exterior风热犯表wind-heat invading the exterior暑湿袭表summer-heat dampness assailing the exterior卫表不固defense-exterior insecurity表里俱寒dual exterior and interior cold表寒里热exterior cold and interior heat寒包火Cold enveloping fire寒热错杂cold-heat complex上热下寒upper heat and lower cold真寒假热true cold with false heat热极生风extreme heat engendering wind虚实夹杂deficiency-excess complex真实假虚true excess with false deficiency外燥external dryness温燥warm dryness实火excess fire食积food accumulation虚火上炎deficiency fire flaming upward痰气互结binding of phlegm and qi痰热内闭internal block of phlegm-heat血瘀水停blood stasis with water retention寒湿内阻 internal obstruction of cold-dampness寒凝血瘀congealing cold with blood stasis湿热下注dampness-heat pouring downward火毒内陷inward invasion of fire toxin气机失调disordered qi movement气机不利inhibited qi movement气机郁滞stagnant qi movement气郁化火depressed qi transforming into fire寒凝气滞congealing cold with qi stagnation中气下陷sunken middle qi 气虚发热qi deficiency fever气虚湿阻qi deficiency with dampness obstruction气虚外感qi deficiency with external contraction气阴两虚dual deficiency of qi and yin气虚血瘀qi deficiency with blood stasis气滞血瘀qi stagnation and blood stasis津液亏虚fluid-humor deficiency气滞水停qi stagnation with water retention饮停胸胁fluid retention in the chest and hypochondrium心气虚heart qi deficiency心火上炎heart fire flaming upward热扰心神heat harassing the heart spirit心移热小肠transmission of heart heat to the small intestine痰火扰心phlegm-fire harassing the heart水气凌心water qi intimidating the heart风寒袭肺wind-cold assailing the lung风寒束肺wind-cold fettering the lung肺热炽盛intense lung heat pattern/syndrome痰热闭肺phlegm- heat obstructing the lung痰浊阻肺phlegm turbidity obstructing the lung暑伤肺络summerheat damaging the lung vessel脾失健运spleen failing in transportation脾阳亏虚/不足spleen yang deficiency脾不统血spleen failing to control the blood脾虚湿困spleen deficiency with dampness encumbrance/accumulation脾胃不和spleen-stomach disharmony肠热腑实intestinal heat and bowel excess大肠湿热large intestinal dampness-heat肝郁气滞liver depression and qi stagnation肝火上炎liver fire flaming upward肝阳上亢ascendant hyperactivity of liver yang肝经湿热dampness-heat in the liver meridian肾不纳气kidney failing to receive qi太阳病greater yang disease太阳经证greater yang meridian pattern太阳伤寒证greater yang cold damage pattern太阳蓄水证greater yang water retention pattern阳明病yang brightness disease阳明经证yang brightness meridian pattern阳明腑证yang brightness bowel pattern阳明腑实证Yang brightness bowel excess pattern阳明病yang brightness disease阳明经证yang brightness meridian pattern阳明腑证yang brightness bowel pattern阳明腑实证Yang brightness bowel excess pattern少阴寒化lesser yin cold transformation少阴热化lesser yin heat transformation太阳蓄血greater yang blood amassment热入血室heat entering blood chamber卫气同病both defense-qi aspects disease气营两燔dual blaze of qi nutrient aspects热入营血heat entering nutrient-blood aspects热闭心包Heat blocking the pericardium邪伏膜原pathogen hidden in the pleurodiaphragmatic interspace湿热瘀阻气机dampness-heat obstructing qi movement湿重于热dampness predominating over heat湿热浸淫spreading dampness heat痰Phlegm 湿Dampness 饮fluid retention 精气Essential qi 元气source qi宗气ancestral qi营气nutrient qi卫气defense qi肝liver心heart脾spleen肺lung肾kidney望诊Inspection闻listening&smelling问inquiry切palpation解表release the exterior解肌release the flesh透表outthrust through the exterior祛风dispel wind疏风disperse wind散寒dissipate cold宣肺Diffuse the lung润燥moisten dryness清热clear heat泻火purge fire泄热discharge heat降火downbear fire发汗解表promote sweating to release the exterior辛温解表release the exterior with pungent-warm辛凉解表release the exterior with pungent-cool解肌祛风Release the flesh and dispel wind清热生津clear heat and engender fluid清热利湿clear heat and drain dampness清气凉营clear the qi aspect and cool the nutrient aspect透营转气expel from the nutrient aspect through the qi aspect清热生津clear heat and engender fluid清热利湿clear heat and drain dampness清气凉营clear the qi aspect and cool the nutrient aspect透营转气expel from the nutrient aspect through the qi aspect寒下Cold purgation 温下Warm purgation 峻下Drastic purgation轻下Mild purgation 缓下Laxation 润下Lubricant laxation润肠通便moisten the intestines and relax the bowels泻下软坚soften hardness with purgation泻下攻积remove accumulation with purgation泻下逐水expel water by purgation泻下逐饮expel retained fluid by purgation温下寒积remove cold accumulation with warm purgation增液润肠increase humor to relax bowels调和气血harmonize qi and blood调和营卫harmonize the nutrient and defense理气regulate qi行气move qi调和脾胃harmonize the spleen and stomach调和肝脾harmonize the liver and spleen和解表里harmonize and release the exterior and interior和解少阳harmonize and release the lesser yang心肾不交证heart-kidney noninteraction pattern交通心肾coordinate the heart and kidney邪伏膜原pathogen hidden in the pleurodiaphragmatic interspace开达膜原open onto the pleurodiaphragmatic interspace清热除湿clear heat and eliminate dampness散寒祛湿dissipate cold and dispel dampness 清热化湿clear heat and resolve dampness芳香化湿resolve dampness with aroma苦温燥湿dry dampness with bitter-warm淡渗利湿drain dampness with bland利水消肿induce diuresis to alleviate edema清热化痰Clear heat and resolve phlegm降逆止咳平喘Downbear counterflow / to suppress cough and to calm panting清肺clear润肺moisten敛肺constrain泻肺purge温里散寒warm the interior to dissipate cold温中和胃warm the middle and harmonize the stomach温阳行水warm yang to move water温经止痛warm the meridian to relieve pain行气止痛move qi to relieve pain疏肝理气soothe the liver and regulate qi降逆止呕Direct qi downward to relieve vomitting凉血cool the blood止血stop bleeding活血activate blood散瘀dissipate stasis化瘀resolve stasis破瘀expel stasis通经unblock the meridian活络activate collaterals通络free the collateral vessels补益气血tonify qi and replenish blood健脾开胃fortify the spleen and invigorate the stomach补肾益气tonify the kidney and replenish qi滋阴补阳enrich yin and tonify yang针灸Acupuncture & Moxibustion毫针filiform needle提插捻转法lifting-thrusting&twirling method中药Chinese Medicinal草药Herbs/herbal drug本草materia medica药材medicinal material药味flavor of medicinals药性Nature/properties of medicinals四气五味Four Qi and five flavors升降浮沉upbearing Downbearing floating sinking归经meridian entry道地药材authentic medicinal炮制Herbal Processing 中药炮制processing of medicinals相須mutual reinforcement 相使mutual assistance相畏mutual restraint 相殺mutual suppression 相惡mutual inhibition相反antagonism解表药exterior-releasing medicinal发散风寒药wind-cold-dispersing medicinal辛温解表药pungent-warm exterior-releasing medicinal清热药Heat-clearing medicinal清热泻火药heat-clearing and fire-purging medicinal清热燥湿药Heat-clearing and dampness-drying medicinal泻下药purgative medicinal 攻下药offensive purgative medicinal温下药warm purgative medicinal润下药laxative (medicinal)峻下逐水药drastic (purgative) water-expelling medicinal祛风药wind-dampness dispelling medicinal祛风湿散寒药wind-dampness dispelling and cold dispersing medicinal祛风湿清热药wind-dampness dispelling and heat clearing medicinal化湿药dampness-resolving medicinal利水渗湿药dampness-draining diuretic medicinal利水消肿药water-draining and swelling-dispersing利尿通淋药strangury-relieving diuretic medicinal利湿退黄药dampness-draining anti-icteric medicinal温里药interior-warming medicinal理气药qi-regulating medicinal消食药digestant medicinal祛虫药worm-expelling medicinal止血药Hemostatic (medicinal)凉血止血藥blood-cooling hemostatic medicinal化瘀止血药stasis-resolving hemostatic medicinal收敛止血药astringent hemostatic medicinal温经止血药meridian-warming hemostatic medicinal活血化瘀药blood-activating and stasis-resolving medicinal活血祛瘀药blood-activating and stasis-dispelling medicinal活血药 blood-activating medicinal化瘀药 stasis-resolving medicinal活血止痛药blood-activating analgesic medicinal活血行气药blood-activating and qi-moving medicinal活血调经药blood-activating menstruation regulating medicinal破血消徵药blood-breaking mass eliminating medicinal重镇安神药settling tranquillizing medicinal养心安神药heart-nourishing tranquillizing medicinal止咳平喘药cough-suppressing and panting-calming medicinal平肝熄风药liver-pacifying and wind-