福建省莆田市第二十四中学2019届高三英语上学期第二次月考试题.doc

福建省莆田市第二十四中学 2019 届高三上学期第二次月考英语试题第一部分：听力(共两节, 满分 30 分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节：(共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在 试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅 读一遍。1. What is woman confused about?A. The time.B. The painting.C. The road.2. What does the man do?A. A seller.B. A waiter.C. A fisherman.3. What is the man worried about?A. His cat. B. His angry mother. C. The ing math exam.4. How much are the shoes on the lower shelf?A. $60.B. $100.C. $120.5. What will the man probably do tonight?A. Float on a boat. B. Go to a concert. C. Have a feast.第二节：(共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳 选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后， 各个小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 7 题。6. What is the man probably doing now?A. Printing documents. B. Drawing up a contract. C. Drinking coffee.7. What will the man get as a reward?A. A salary raise.B. A paid vacation.C. A promotion.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9 题。8. Where does the man get the story?A. From the Internet.B. On a book. C. In the church.9. What is God like in the story?A. Generous. B. Cruel.C. Humorous.听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。10. What do we know about the woman?A. She needs $6,800.B. She will go to USA next week.C. She paid for the mans laundry fee last month.11. Whats the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Bank clerk and client.B. Laundry owner and customer. C. Roommates.12. What will the woman do this afternoon probably?A. Watch a video.B. Play a puter game. C. Go shopping.听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。13. What is the speed limit in the residential area?A. 25 km per hour. B. 30 km per hour. C. 40 km per hour.14. Why does the man praise the woman?A. She remembers to turn on the signal light. B. She doesnt overspeed.C. She keeps her eyes on the road.15. Where does the man ask the woman to stop the car?A. At the parking lot.B. At the garage. C. Beside the sidewalk.16. Whats the result of the test?A. A success. B. A failure.C. Not sure.听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。17. Which is NOT the official United Nations language?A. Arabic. B. French.C. German.18. What questions did Bella answer in foreign languages in the show?A. School courses.B. Some small talks.C. Her language learning experience.19. How old was Bella when she learned her first foreign language?A. One year old.B. Two years old.C.Three years old.20. What does the expert suggest Bella do? A. Keep practicing.B. Learn more languages. C. Focus on one language.第二部分： 阅读理解（共 20 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题 卡上将该项涂黑。APlan on traveling around the USA this summer? If you need help in arranging the trip, or want ideas about where to go and what to do, there are a number of outstanding websites that can make your American dream e true.byways. orgThe National Scenic Byways Program covers 150 memorable roads. Some are natural routes，such as Route1 along the California coast. Others focus on history （such as Route 6）or man-made attractions （the Las VegasStrip）. For each，you are provided with a map，told the routes length and how long is allowed，and given detailed suggestions on sights and stop-offs.oyster.This is the best website for reviews of hotels in US cities and resorts. The reviews are impressively thorough， covering locations，rooms，cleanliness，food and so on. Importantly，these are not promotional photos by the hotels，but more honest and real ones taken by inspectors. Search facilities are excellent. From the 243 hotels reviewed in the New York，you can narrow down what you are looking for by locations，facilities and styles，orjust pick out a selection of the best. 101usaholidays.co.ukThis is the latest offering that features 101 holiday ideas to the USA. Its an impressively diverse selection，ranging from touring in the footsteps of Martin Luther King to a golfing break in Arizona and a cycling andwine-tasting trip in Californias Napa Valley. Narrow down what you are looking for 一 whether by price，region，theme and who will be traveling 一 and then just the photos of the relevant holidays remain on view. Its a really clever design.mousesavers.Walt Disney World in California can make dreams e true，but the price is not affordable for the majority of people. So turn to long established Mousesavers.，dedicated to giving big discounts on tickets，hotels and dining at Walt Disney World. The website also offers general money-saving tips，suggestions for cheap and freestuff and brief coverage of other Florida and California theme parks.21. If you are going to the USA for the man-made attractions，you can drive along .A. Route 1B. Route 6C. the Las Vegas Strip D. the California coast22. Why are the photos of the hotels in US cities and resorts real in . oyster. ？ A. Because there are qualifications of the authority.B. Because they are taken by inspectors of the website.C. Because there are ments of customers on each photo.D. Because they were taken by customers who once lived there.23. Travel ideas for a big family with kids and the old are available at .A. .oyster. B. C. . mousesavers. D. .101usaholidays.co.ukBCigarette ends are everywhere - littering our streets and beaches - and for decades theyve been thought of as unrecyclable. But a New Jersey based pany，called TerraCycle，has taken on the challenge， and has e up with a way to recycle millions of cigarette ends and turn them into industrial plastic products.Its aim is to recycle things that people normally consider impossible to reuse.Obviously it would be even better for the environment if everyone just stopped smoking，but the statistics show that although there has been an increase in anti-smoking ads and messaging，between 2000 and 2014，global sales of cigarettes increased by 8 percent，and a whole lot of those cigarette ends are ending up as trash. Since most of our litter eventually ends up in waterways，cigarette ends can surely pollute the surrounding environment. It only takes a single cigarette end to pollute a liter of water, TerraCycle founder， Tom Szaky，said. Animals can also mistake littered cigarette ends for food. So how do you go about turning all those poisonous ends into something useful？TerraCycle does this by first breaking them down into separate parts. They mix the remaining materials，such as the tobacco and the paper，with other kinds of rubbish，and use it on non-agricultural land，such as golf courses. The filters (过滤 嘴) are a little harder. To recycle these，TerraCycle first makes them clean and cuts them into small pieces，and then bines them with other recycled materials，making them into liquid for industrial plastic products.Theyre now also expanding their recycling offerings to the rest of the 80 percent of household waste that currently cant be recycled，such as chocolate packaging，pens，and mobile phones. The goal is to use the latest research to find a way to stop so much waste ending up in landfill (垃圾填埋)，and then get panies toprovide money for the process. And so far，its working.We havent found anything that we cant recycle，munications director of TerraCycle，Albe Zakes，said. But with the amount and variety of packaging and litter in the world，we are always looking for new waste streams to address. 24. What does TerraCycle intend to do？ A. Search for recyclable materials for use.B. Deal with as many cigarette ends as possible.C. Produce new kinds of industrial plastic products. D. Recycle what used to be considered unrecyclable.25. The underlined word trash in Paragraph 2 probably means .A. rubbish B. poison C. disaster D. ruin26. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about？ A. The effective use of cigarette ends. B. The process of recycling cigarette ends. C. The difficulty in recycling cigarette ends.D. The reason for breaking down cigarette ends.27. What Albe said in the last paragraph implies that .A. there is more and more waste to be recycledB. it is difficult for TerraCycle to recycle everythingC. TerraCycle is trying to meet the challenge of new wasteD. TerraCycle has successfully recycled a large amount of waste.CPersuasion is the art of convincing someone to agree with you. According to the ancient Greeks，there are three basic tools of persuasion：ethos，pathos，and logos.Ethos is a speakers way of convincing the audience that she is trustworthy，honest and reliable. One mon way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education she has in the field. After all，youre more likely to listen to advice about how to take care of your teeth from a dentist than a fireman. A speaker can also create ethos by convincing the audience that she is a good person. If an audience cannot trust you，you will not be able to persuade them.Pathos is a speakers way of connecting with an audiences emotions. For example，a politician who is trying to convince an audience to vote for him might say that he alone can save the country from a terrible war. These words are intended to fill the audience with fear，thus making them support him. Similarly，an animal charitymight show an audience pictures of injured dogs and cats，to make the viewers feel pity. If the audience feelsbad for the animals，they will be more likely to donate money.Logos is the use of facts，statistics，or other evidence to support your argument. An audience will be more likely to believe you if you have convincing data to back up your claims. Presenting this evidence is much morepersuasive than simply saying believe me.Although ethos，pathos，and logos all have their strengths，they are often most effective when used together. Indeed，most speakers use a bination of ethos，pathos，and logos to persuade their audiences. So， the next time you listen to a speech，watch a mercial，or listen to a friend try to convince you to lend him some money，be on the lookout for these ancient Greek tools of persuasion.28. Why does the author say persuasion is an art？ A. They both entertain the audience.B. They both require great skills to achieve.C. They both demand full attention from the audience.D. They were both mon topics of ancient Greek writers.29. How is a speaker able to show her ethos to the audience？ A. By expressing her sympathy with the audience.B. By telling the audience about her personal preference.C. By using beautiful language to make her statements attractive. D. By showing her knowledge and experience relating to the topic.30. What can we learn about the three aspects of persuasion？ A. Ethos is the most important aspect of persuasion. B. Each aspect has a different effect on the audience.C. Honesty is the key to making your arguments believable.D. Political leaders mostly use pathos to persuade their audience.31. An advertisement for washing powder which claims that “scientific tests show that our powder kills 95% of all bacteria” is mainly using .A. ethos B. pathos C. logos D. a bination of all threeDLarger brain size linked to longer life in deer. The size of a female animals brain may determine whether they live longer and have more healthy later generations，according to new research led by the University of Cambridge.The study, published in the Royal Society Open Science journal, shows that female red deer with larger brains live longer and have more surviving later generations than those with smaller brains. Brain size is heritable and is passed down through the generations. This is the first extensive study of individual differences in brain size in wild mammals and draws on data paring seven generations of deer.Across species of mammals，brain size varies widely. This is thought to be a consequence of specific differences in the benefits and costs of a larger brain. Mammals with larger brains may，for example，have greater abilities that enable them to adapt better to environmental changes or they may have longer lifespans. But there may also be disadvantages：for instance，larger brains require more energy，so individuals that possess them may show reduced ability to give birth to young babies.The researchers，based at the University of Cambridges Zoology Department and Edinburgh Universitys Institute of Evolutionary Biology，wanted to test if they could find more direct genetic or non-genetic evidence of the costs and benefits of large brain size by paring the longevity (长寿) and survival of individuals of thesame species with different sized brains. Using the skulls of 1,314 wild red deer whose life histories and breeding success had been monitored in the course of a long-term study on the Isle of Rum，they found that females with larger endocranial volumes(脑腔容量)lived longer and produced more surviving offspring in the course of their lives.Lead author Dr Corina Logan，a Gates Cambridge Scholar，says，The reasons for the association between brain size and longevity are not known，but other studies have suggested that larger brains are a consequence of the longer-lived species having longer developmental periods in which the brain can grow. These predictions were generated from cross-species correlations； however, testing such hypotheses requires investigations at the within-species level，which is what we did. Dr Logan adds，We found that some of the cross-species predictions about brain size held for female red deer，and that none of the predictions were supported in male red deer. This indicates that each sex likely experiences its own set of trade-offs(权衡，协调)with regard to brain size. The study also showed that females relative endocranial volume is smaller than that of males，despite evidence of selection for larger brains in females.Professor Tim Clutton Brock，who set up the Rum Red Deer study with Fiona Guinness in 1972 and started the work on brain size，points out，The reason that this kind of study has not been conducted before is that itrequires long term records of a large number of individuals across multiple generations and data of this kind are still rare in wild animals. 32. What does the new research about brain size reveal？ A. Large-brain red deer tend to be more reproductive.B. Large-brain female deer survive small-brain male deer.C. Brain size causes individual differences in some mammals.D. Brain size has been increasing from generation to generation.33. For different species of mammals，brain size varies widely because .A. mammals can develop different adaptive abilitiesB. a larger brain has its advantages and disadvantagesC. different mammals are born with different lifespansD. brain size is affected by genetic or non-genetic factors34. What can we learn about the relation between brain size and longevity？ A. The cause and effect needs to be further investigated.B. Brain size absolutely determines animals longevity.C. Longer-lived species allow brains to grow to a large size.D. The cross-species assumptions apply to red deer of both sexes.35. What can we infer from Professor Tim Clutton Brocks words？ A. Researchers cant possibly reach a conclusion about the reason.B. Researchers are not patient enough to keep long term records.C. Such research has been thoroughly conducted on wild animals before.D. Such research will witness great difficulty in the long-term process. 第二节 （共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。选出可 以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。New research helps to explain why screaming is disturbing and useful.Screams, like those we hear in horror movies, have a special quality that separates them from other noises we make and hear. These screams are recognized by people all over the world.36 Every kid in every culture screams. Every adult in the context of a true fear responds with screams. So its just a feature of the human mind and brainDavid Poeppel is a neuroscientist at New York University. He wondered why screams were recognized the same way by people all around the world. So, he and his colleagues set up an experiment.They recorded screams from movies and from volunteers who took part in the research. 37 Instead, they measured how quickly the sounds in the scream changed in volume. It was in this area-the change in volume that screams stand apart from other sounds.When the volume of a sound changes that quickly it has a quality called “roughness”. 38 David Poeppel and his team found that car alarms, sirens, and alarm clocks also have this quality, this “roughness”.The scientists then studied how this roughness changed brain activity. They asked the volunteers to listen to different types of screams and alarms in an MRI scanner. The researchers found that the greater roughnessof a sound. the more it activates the amygdala. 39 The amygdala acts like a gauge（计量器） that says wow,this sound has a lot of roughness in it; thats particularly alarming and scary. Screams, it turns out, are a direct link to the part of our brain that tells us whether we should be afraid or not. 40 Now, we know why a scream gets so much attention, So quickly.A. People who hear these rough sounds are also more likely to react to them very quickly. B. People of all cultures and languages hear the same thing in a scream: fear.C. A scream is to say Im in trouble and I need help.D. The amygdala is an area deep in the brain that answers to fear. E. The more r