史上最全九年级英语重点句型、句式-归纳总结.doc

1九年级英语重点句型、句式Unit 11. by + doing 通过方式如：by studying with a group by 还可以表示：“在旁”、“靠近”、“在期间”、“用”、“经过”、“乘车”等如：I live by the river. I have to go back by ten oclock. The thief entered the room by the window. The student went to park by bus.2tooto 太而不能 常用的句型 too+adj./adv. + to do sth. 如：Im too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想说。3be / get excited about sth.= be / get excited about doing sth. = be excited to do sth. 对感兴奋 如：I am / get excited about going to Beijing.= I am excited to go to Beijing. 我对去北京感到兴奋。4. end up doing sth 终止做某事，结束做某事 如：he party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。 end up with sth. 以结束 如：The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。5one of +(the+ 形容词比较级)+名词复数形式 其中之一 如：She is one of the most popular teachers. 她是最受欢迎的教师之一。6. Its +形容词+(for sb. ) to do sth. (对于某人来说)做某事 如：Its difficult (for me ) to study English. 对于我来说学习英语太难了。 句中的it 是形式主语，真正的主语是to study English7unless 假如不，除非 引导条件状语从句 如：You will fail unless you work hard.假如你不努力你会失败。 I wont write unless he writes first. 除非他先写要不我不写8 see sb. / sth. doing 看见某人正在做某事 强调正在发生see sb. / sth. do 看见某人在做某事 如： 如：She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom.她看见他正在教室里画画。Unit 21used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 否定形式：didnt use to do sth. / used not to do sth.如：He used to play football after school. 放学后他过去常常踢足球。 Did he use to play football? Yes, I did. No, I didnt. He didnt use to smoke. 他过去不吸烟。2. 反意疑问句 （中考不考，可作了解） 肯定陈述句否定提问如：Lily is a student, isnt she? Lily will go to China, wont she? 否定陈述句肯定提问 如：She doesnt come from China, does she?You havent finished homework, have you? 提问部分用代词而不用名词 Lily is a student, isnt she? 陈述句中含有否定意义的词 如：little, few, never, nothing, hardly等。其反意疑问句用肯定式。 如：He knows little English, does he?他一点也不懂英语，不是吗？They hardly understood it, did they?他们几乎不明白，不是吗？3interested adj. 感兴趣的，指人对某事物感兴趣，往往主语是人 interesting adj.有趣的，指某事物/某人具有趣味，主语往往是物be interested in sth. 对感兴趣be interested in doing sth. 对做感兴趣如：He is interested in math, but he isnt interested in speaking English. 他对数学感兴趣，但是他对说英语不感兴趣。4害怕 be terrified of sth. 如：I am terrified of the dog. be terrified of doing sth. 如：I am terrified of speaking。5spend 动词，表示“花费金钱、时间” spendon sth. 在某事上花费（金钱、时间） spenddoing sth. 花费（金钱、时间）去做某事如：He spends too much time on clothes. 他花费太多的时间在衣着He spend 3 months building the bridge.他花费了三个月去建这座桥。 pay for 花费 如：I pay 10 yuan for the book. 我花了10元买这本书。 take 动词有“花费”的意思常用的结构有： take sb. to do sth. 如：It takes me a day to read the book.take to do sth. 6how to swim 怎样游泳 不定式与疑问词连用：动词不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when 等引导的疑问句连用，构成不定工短语。如：The question is when to start. 问题是什么时候开始。 I dont know where to go. 我不知道去哪。7. make sb./ sth. + 形容词make you happy make sb./ sth. + 动词原形 make him laugh8as + 形容词./副词as sb. could/can 尽某人的能力如： Zhou run as fast as her could/can. 她尽她最快的能力去跑。9take pride in sth. 以而自豪如：His father always take pride in him. 他的爸爸总是以他而自豪10. pay attention to sth. 对注意，留心如：You must pay attention to your friend. 你应该多注意你的朋友。11. be able to do sth. 能做某事如：She is able to do it. 她能够做到。12. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事如：My father has given up smoking. 我爸爸已经放弃吸烟了。13.不再 no more = no longer 如：I play tennis no more/ longer.我不再打网球。 not any more = not any longer如：I dont play tennis any more/longer. 我不再打网球。Unit 31allow句型 allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 如： We do not allow people to smoke in the hall. allow doing允许做某事 be allowed to do 被允许做某事 should be allowed to do 应该被允许做某事2get their ears pierced 穿耳洞让/使（别人）做某事 get sth. done(过去分词) have sth. done 如：I get my car made. = I have my car made. 我让别人修好我的车3enough 足够 形容词enough 如：beautiful enough足够漂亮 enough名词如：enough food 足够食物 enough to 足够去做如：I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。 She is old enough to go to school.她够大去读书了。4. stop doing sth. 停止做某事Please stop speaking.请停止说话。stop to do sth. 停止下来去做某事Please stop to speak.请停下来说话。5. 看起来好像 sb. seem to do sth. = it seems that +从句 如：He seems to feel very sad. It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起来好像很伤心。6系动词不能独立作谓语，要和表语一起构成谓语。常用的连系动词有：look, feel, be, become, get, turn, smell, taste, stay(保持), kept等。连系动词除be 和become 等少数词可接名词作表语外，一般都是接形容词。如：They are very happy. He became a doctor two years ago. She felt very tired.7. 倒装句: 由so助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词主语意为：也是一样 She is a student. So am I.她是一个学生，我也是。 She went to school just now. So did I . 她刚才去学校了，我也是 She has finished the work. So have I . 她已经完成了工作,我也完成了。 She will go to school. So will he.她将去学校，他也是。8曾经做某事： Do you ever get to school late? Yes, I do. No, I dont. Have you ever got to school late? Yes, I have. No, I havent.9be strict with sb. 对某人严厉如：Mother is strict with her son. 妈妈对她的儿子很严厉。10keep sb/ sth. 形容词使某人/某物保持如：We should keep our city clean.我们应该保持我们的城市干净。11. bothand+动词复数形式如： Both Jim and Li Ming play bastketball.12. learn (sth.) from sb. 向谁学习(什么) 如：Jim learnt English from his English teacher. 吉姆向他的英语老师学习英语13. have an opportunity to do sth. 有机会做某事 have a chance of doing sth. 有机会做某事 如：I have an opportunity to go to Beijing. I have a chance of going to Beijing.14花费 take ,cost, spend , pay sth. take (sb.) time to do sth. It took (me) 10days to read the book. sth. cost (sb.) The book cost (me) 100yuan. sb. spend on sth. She spent 10days on this book. sb. spend doing sth. She spent 10days reading this book. sb. pay for sth. She paid 10yuan for this book.15. have +时间段+off 放假，休息 如：have 2 days off16. reply to 答复某人 如：She replayed to MrGreen.17. agree with sth. 同意某事 如：I agree with that idea. agree to sb. 同意某人的意见 如：I agree to LiLei.18. get in the way of 碍事，妨碍 如： Her social life got in the way of her studies. 她的社会生活妨碍了她的学习。19think about 与think of 的区别 当两者译为： 认为、想起、记着时，两者可互用 I often think about/ of that day. 我经常想起那天。 think about 还有“考虑”之意，think of 想到、想出时两者不能互用 At last, he thought of a good idea. 最后他想出了一个好主意。 We are thinking about going Qinzhou. 我们正在考虑去钦州。20. 对 热衷， 对兴趣be serious about doing 如：She is serious about dancing. 她对跳舞热衷。be serious about sth. 如：She is serious about him. 她对他感兴趣。21. practice doing 练习做某事 She often practice speaking English.22. care about sb. 关心某人 如：Mother often care about her son. 23. also 也 用于句中 I am also a student. 我也是一个学生 either也 用于否定句且用于句末 I am not a student either.我也不是一个学生。too 也 用于肯定句且用于句末 I am a student too. 我也是一个学生。 Unit 41pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 I pretended to sleep just now. pretend +从句 假装 I pretended that I fell asleep. 2. be late for 迟到 如：I am late for work/ school/ class/ party.3what if + 从句 如果怎么办 ， 要是 又怎么样 如：What if she doesnt come? 要是她不来怎么办？ What if LiLei knows? 如果李雷知道了怎么办？4. add sth.to sth.添加到 如：I added some sugar to water. 我把糖添加到水里。5 ask sb. to do 叫做某事 ask sb. not to do sth.叫不要做某事 tell sb. to do 告诉做某事 tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉不要做某事如：Teacher asked me to clean the classroom. Teacher asked me not to clean the classroom.6. start doing=start to do.开始做某事 如：He started speaking/ to speak. 他开始说话。7. borrow sth. from sb. 从某人那里借来某物 如：I borrowed a book from Lily. 我从莉莉那里借来一本书。8. introduce sb. to sb. 把某人介绍给某人 如：I introduced Lily to Anna. 我把莉莉介绍给安娜。9. invite sb. to do 邀请某人做某事 如：Lily invited me to go to her home for supper. 莉莉邀请我去她家吃晚饭。10get along with sb. 与相处 如：Do you get along well with your friends? 你和你的朋友相处得好吗？11. would rather do sth. than do sth. 表示愿做某事而不愿做某事 如：I would rather walk than run. 12let sb. down 让某人失望 如：Dont let your mother down.不要让你的妈妈失望。13. come up with sth.提出 如He：came up with a good idea.他提出了一个好主意。 catch up with sb. 追上 赶上 如：Lily caught up with Anna. 莉莉赶上了安娜。14. have experience doing 在做某事有经验 如：I have experience teaching Chinese. 我在教英语方面有经验。1.prefer v.更喜爱，更喜欢，相当于likebetter，其过去式、过去分词为preferred，常用于以下结构： (1)prefer+名词、代词I preferred music. Which do you prefer?(2)prefer+动词不定式“宁愿干”She prefers to live among the working people.(3) prefer+v-ing I prefer living abroad.(4)prefer+动词不定式复合结构:常见的搭配有: preferto喜欢而不喜欢（to为介词）She prefers apples to bananas. prefer doing to doing（to为介词）He prefers running to walking. prefer to do rather than do sth.宁愿干而不愿干They prefer to play games rather than watch TV.2. not only but (also) 不但 而且 用来连接两个并列的成分 (1) 引导以 not only but (also) 开头的句子往往引起部分倒装。也是说得要把前面的句子中的助动词或者是情态动词放在主语的前面。如：Not only can I do it but (also) I can do best. 我不仅能做到而且做得最好。 Not onlybut (also) 接两主语时，谓语动词随后面的主语人称和数的变化 也就是就近原则 如：Not only Lily but (also) you like cat. 不仅莉莉而且你也喜欢猫。常见的就近原则的结构有： Neither nor即不也不 (两者都不)Either or 不是就是 (两者中的一个) Not only but (also) There be Unit 91.被动语态：它是由“was/were+动语“过去分词”构成的。”2.be used for:意思是“被用来做什么”，强调用途或作用.3.be used as ：意思是“被作为什么来用”，强调被当作工具或手段来用.4.be used by:意思是“被谁使用”，强调使用者.5.“名词+现在分词/过去分词”构成一个合成形容词，在句中作定语和表语。6.插入语：当一个词、短语或从句用在句里，而与句子的其他成分没有语法上的关系时，它就是句子的独立成分。插入语就是这种独立成分之一。插入语一般对一句话做一些附加的解释，放在句末时，通常在前面加逗号，放在句中时，有时在前后加逗号，有时不加任何标点符号。7.according to+名词 意思是按照、依照所说，随着的不同而不同8.according as +从句，意思是根据而，按照而9.prefer to do sth.“更喜欢去做某事” Prefer 意思是更喜欢，常可与like better ,instead of 进行替换，它所组成的常见句式有：Prefer A to B“比起B来更喜欢A”,prefer doing A to doing B“比起干B这件事来，更喜欢干A这件事”， perfer to do A rather than do B“宁愿做A而不原做B.”Unit101.“take+a+名词”结构来表示一次性动作。2. happen to sb.某人发生某事, 指偶然地或碰巧发生,强调意外.3. take place 意思也是发生,指经过安排或计划要发生的事情,强调必然性.4. by the time 意思是“到时为止，到时”，注重时间的截止。 at the time 表示“在时”，注重时间的开始。5. give one a ride=hitch a ride with sb.意思是“让某人搭便车”6. forget to do sth.意思是“忘记做某事”，指“要做的事情忘记做”.7. forget doing sth.意思是“忘记做了某事”，指“做了某事而把它忘记了”.8. as.as.“像一样”，常用来表示比较、倍数或程度，在这个结构中，前一个as是副词，后一个as是连词，它的否定形式是not so.as.或not as.as.9. have to 是“不得不”的意思，指由于受条件限制或他人制约做某事，有被动的含义，无主观愿望；must是“必须，一定”的意思，有主观愿望和感情色彩.10.try sb.for a job 试用某人；try ones best to do sth.竭尽所能做某事；try sb. for sth.因某事而审问某人.Unit111.get some information about the town是“询问有关城镇的信息”的意思.2.decide to do sth.意思是“决定去做某事”.3.talk to sb意思是“找某人谈话”4.“It is +形容词+动词不定式短语”是英语中的一个常用句式，句中的真正主语是动词不定式，it是形式主语。5.in front of意思是“在的前面”，指在某个范围之外.6.in the front of 意思是“在的前部”，指在某个范围之内.7.have trouble doing sth.表示“做某事有困难”.8.in trouble/get into trouble/get o trouble 表示“遇到困难，遇到麻烦”.现在完成时1.现在完成时态表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。本时态标志词：already （“已经”，用于肯定句中，放在have /has之后或句尾）； yet （“仍然”“还”，用于疑问句或否定句的句尾） just（“刚刚”，放在have /has之后）； before（“以前”，放在句尾）；ever（“曾经”，放在have /has之后） never （“从没有”，在have /has之后）例句：1.Our teacher has just left. 2.We have studied English already.3.I have not finished the homework yet. 4.He has never been to Beijing before.2.某个动作从过去已经开始,一直持续到现在,还有可能持续到将来.动作的持续性要通过一段时间来表示一段时间的表达方法有两种:for: +一段时间 for a year for two weeks for three yearsSince +过去的某一时刻, since nine since last week Since +一般过去时态的时间状语从句 since you came ; since you got home.注意：结束性动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,但是它们可以转换成相应的延续性动词.1.直接用延续性动词 buy have；catch(get) a cold have a cold；borrowkeep；becomebe；put on- wear2.转换成be+名词 join the army be a soldier；join the Party be a Party member；go to school be a student 3转换成be+形容词或副词 diebe dead；finish be over；beginbe on；leavebe away ； fall sleep be asleep close be closed come to/ go to/arrive at(in)+某地be in(at) +某地4.转换成 be+介词短语go to school be in school ； get up_ be up；现在完成时态常见标志词1. already（已经）, just（刚刚）, never（从未/从没有）, ever（曾经）, yet（仍然/还）, before（以前（句尾时） 2. since+点时刻或从句; for+段时间; how long（疑问句中用来提问since/for短语的）3. so far；till now；by now（到目前为止；迄今）4. recently近来in the past/last+段时间 在过去的几年中 5. once(一次)，twice,three(four) times6. It is the+最高级+n.+ (that) sb.have ever done 例：Whats the best gift you have ever received? 你曾收到的最好礼物是什么?重点解析单词：1. have have是英语中一个非常重要的动词，它在不同的词组中，具有不同的含义，现将其用法简要归纳如下：(1) 作“有”讲时，强调“所属关系”，表示“拥有”的意思。其主语常为人或物。eg: My father has a new computer. 我爸爸有一台新电脑。I have many story books. 我有许多故事书。 (2) “have + 表示一日三餐的名词”，意为“吃、用餐”。 eg: I have breakfast at seven every morning. 我每天早上七点钟吃早饭。(3) “have + 表示食品、饮料等名词”，意为“吃、喝”。eg: I have some bread for breakfast every day. 我每天早餐吃些面包。 Please have a cup of tea. 请喝杯茶。(4) “have + 表示动作的名词”，没有固定的意思，常与表示动作的动词同义。eg: have a rest 休息一下 have a swim 游泳 have a look（at）（朝）看一眼have a drink (of ) 喝一点（）(5) “have + 表示某种活动的名词”， 意为“进行、举行”。eg: have a class 上课 have a birthday party 举行生日聚会2. start start 动词，意思是“开始，出发”，可用于start to do sth. 和start doing sth.结构中。eg: School starts at eight oclock. 8点钟开始上课。 I start to watch TV. 我开始看电视。 They start singing. 他们开始唱歌。3. usually usually, sometimes, always, often 等词在英语中被称为“频度副词”，是用来表示动作或状态的频率。使用时位置如下：(1)放在be动词之后。eg: He is often late for school. 他上学经常迟到。(2)放在行为动词之前。eg: She always does her work well. 她总是把工作做得很好。(3)放在情态动词或助动词之后。eg: What time do you usually get up? (4)sometimes 的位置较灵活，可放在句首，也可放在句中，有时还可放在句尾。eg: Sometimes he goes to school on foot. 有时他步行去上学。I sometimes go to see my uncle on Saturday. 我有时在星期六去看我的叔叔。词语辨析：1. each &every each 代词，意为“每个”，可作主语、宾语、同位语和定语，强调个体。而every 是形容词，意思为“每，每个”，只能作定语，强调全体或全部。eg:Each of the girls has a banana. 每个女孩都有一个香蕉。（此句不能用every替换each） Give the boys two apples each. 给每个男孩两个苹果。（此句不能用every替换each） Each boy has a sweater. 每个男孩都有一件毛衣。Every boy has a T-shirt. 每个男孩都有一件T恤衫。2. look ( look at)& see 两者汉语中的意思相近，都有“看”的意思。但英语中两词的用法截然不同。look表示“看”的过程，并不表明“看到”。而且look是不及物动词，如果表示“看某物（人）”，look后要加介词at；而see指“看到”，表示“结果”。eg:Look at the blackboard! 看黑板！（look只表示“看”，并不一定“看到”）What can you see on the blackboard? 你在黑板上能看到什么？(see表示“看到”，即 “看的结果”) 3. too, also& either三者都表示“也”，但在使用的时候too 和also一般用于肯定的陈述句和疑问句中,其中too放在句末，前面多用逗号隔开；also放在be动词、助动词或情态动词之后，实义动词之前。either 一般放在否定句的句末。 eg: I like comedies, too.=I also like comedies. 我也喜欢喜剧。 Ann doesnt like thrillers and I dont like them either. 安不喜欢恐怖片，我也不喜欢。句型：1. Whats your name? 你叫什么名字？ My name is Jenny. 我叫詹妮。(1) 询问别人姓名，更委婉礼貌的说法有：My I know your name? Can I have your name? Will you please tell me your name? 回答姓名可直接说：Im Jenny.(2) 动词be变化表原形 现在式过去式过去分词 现在分词be am/iswasarewere been being2. Whats this in English? 这个用英语怎么说？ 其他几种不同的表达方式：Whats this called in English? Whats the English for this? Can you say it in English?注in 在该句中为介词，表示“用方式”。3. Its under the bed. 它在床下面。 under prep. 在之上(1)under 表示在某物垂直的正下方，两者之间不接触。 eg: The cat is under the table. 猫在床子底下。(2)on 表示在某物的上面，但两者可互相接触。 eg: The book is on the desk. 书在桌子上。(3)in 表示“在内部，在里面”。eg: They are in the office. 他们在办公室里。(4)near 表示在某物的附近，意为“接近，靠近” eg: My house is near a bookstore. 我家在一个书店附近。(5)behind 表示在某物体的后面。 eg: Li Ming is behind me. 李明在我后面。4. Do you like hamburgers? 你喜欢汉堡包吗？ (1) like v. 喜欢 like sb./sth. eg: I like the book. 我喜欢这本书。 like to do sth. 表示目前一时爱好做某事。 eg: I like to play volleyball. 我想去玩排球。 like doing sth. 表示习惯上喜欢做某事。 eg: I like dancing. 我喜欢跳舞。 (2) like 作介词，表示“像”，与look 或be 连用。 eg: He looks like his father. 他长得像他爸爸。 She is like an English girl. 她像个英国女孩。 Do it like this. 照这样做。5. OK, Ill take it. 好吧，那我把他带走了。take v. 拿，取(1) It takes sb. some time to do sth. 干某事花费某人多少时间 eg: It took him an hour to get there. 他花了一个小时才到那儿。 (2) take out 带出（人），邀请，取出（物） eg: Im taking the children out to the movies tonight. 今晚我带孩子们去看电影。 (3) take + a + 名词= have + a + 名词 eg: take a bath / rest / shower /walk (4) 固定短语: take part in 参加 take place 发生 take care of 照顾注 take 当 “拿走，带到”讲时，指把东西带到别的地方，即把东西从近处带到远处。eg: Take the books to the classroom. 把这些书拿到教室里去。 bring也是“拿”的意思，指把东西从别的地方带到说话人所在地或者他指定的地点即把东西从远处带到近处，意为“拿来”“带来”“取来”。eg: Please bring some books to my home. 请把这些书带到我家来。6. Can you dance? 你会跳舞吗？ Can 为情态动词，意思是“能，会，可以”。(1) 情态动词没有人称和数的变化，即无论主语是第一人称、第二人称还是第三人称，无论是单数还是复数，情态动词都没有变化。(2) 情态动词后面要跟动词原形。eg: He can speak French. 他会说法语。(3) 带情态动词的句子变为疑问句时，将情态动词提前；变否定句时，在情态动词后加not. eg: We can see an eraser in the pencil box. Can you see an eraser in the pencil box? We cant see an eraser in the pencil box.7. Can you help kids with swimming? 你能帮助小孩游泳吗？(1)help 可作动词，指“帮助，援助”，常指积极地给予实际的精神的或物质的帮助，帮助的人值得信赖。eg: He helped me to find the train station. 他帮我找到了火车站。 常用的句式有： help sb. with sth. 在某一方面帮助某人。eg: The teacher helps him with his English. 老师帮助他学习英语。 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事。eg:I often help my mother (to) do housework. 我常常帮妈妈做家务。(2) 动词help 还可作 “吃（会餐用语）讲。eg:Please help yourself to the fruit. 请随意吃水果吧。(3) cant help doing sth. 表示“禁不住做某事”；cant help sb. to do sth. 表示“不能帮助某人做某事”。 eg:I cant help myself crying. 我情不自禁地哭起来。I cant help him to say sorry. 我不能代替他道歉。(4) help 可用作名词，指“帮助，救济”。 eg: I need some help. 我需要一些帮助。 8. I can play the guitar. 我会玩吉他。(1) play 的宾语为乐器时，意为“演奏“，乐器名词前要加定冠词the. eg: play the violin (the piano) 拉小提琴（弹钢琴）(2) play 后面可接表示球类的名词，意为 “打球”或 “踢球”，球类名词前不加任何冠词或其他限定词，该名词也不用复数形式。eg: play basketball 打篮球，不能说 play the / a football 或play footballs.(3) play with 的宾语常为玩的东西。eg: play with toys (snow; fire ) 玩玩具（雪，火等） (4) play 还可作名词，意为“剧”。 eg: TV play 电视剧。9. Can you draw? 你会画画吗？ Yes, a little. 是的，会一点。(1) a little“一点，稍微”，为程度副词，作状语，修饰动词、形容词或副词。eg: I like her