《省略句的译法》PPT课件.ppt

第 九 章 省 略 句 的 译 法,汉语的省略句所依靠的语言环境有以下几种： 1对话 2上文已经提到 3下文就要说到 4祈使句 5各部分中主语相同的复句 6随笔，日记或书信等的自述文,早晨和小李出去买东西。雨天。下午参观了一个展览会。晚饭后英语晚会排演。 (I was )Out shopping with Xiao Li in the morning.(It was ) A wet day.(I)Visited an exhibition in the afternoon.(I took part in a ) Rehearsal for an English evening after supper.,一在译文中补出某些成分 （一）补出主语：英语句子通常必须有主语，主语一般不能省略。 1真不明白他想要什么。 I couldnt understand what he wanted.,2但我就是这个脾气，（）虽然几经努力，（）却未能改变过来。 But its the way I am, and try as I might, I havent been able to change it.,3很难说。 You can never tell. 4新中国到处可以看到新人新事物。 Everywhere you can find new types of men and objects in New China.,(二) 补出宾语：英语句子的宾语一般不能单独省略，英语的及物动词必须有宾语。 1.他有自己的打算，但不愿向别人谈论。 He has his own plans, but does not like to talk about them.,2.“窗户没有开”，“我来开”。 The windows are closed. Ill open them. 3.她轻轻的把手放在他的胳膊上，好像表示感谢。 She laid her hand lightly on his arms as if to thank him.,二在译文中省略某些句子成分 （一）省去主语 1. 在对话中 1）好久不见了，你好吗？很好，谢谢。 (I)Havent seen you for a long time. How are you? Fine, ( I ) thank you. 2）（她）一定是个专家什么的。 (She) Must be an expert or something.,2. 上文刚提到，译成英语时也不必补出 1） 我不要亮，我讨厌亮，太刺眼了。 I dont want the light. I hate it .(It) Hurts my eyes.,2）长征是宣言书，长征是宣传队，长征是播种机。 The Long March is a manifesto, a propaganda force, a seeding machine.,(二) 省去某些动词的宾语 在少数情况下，汉语省去的宾语的句子，译成英语后也可以省略宾语。 1）这件事你不懂。 You dont understand what its all about.,2）你父母在家吗？我不知道。 Are your parents in? I dont know(if they are in).,(三)省去包括谓语在内的多种成分。 对话中，特别是在一问一答的对话中，由于前面讲到过或为了突出答话中的新内容，往往省去多种成分，有时连谓语一起省略。,1）“今天好多了吗”“好多了” “Better today?” “Much better” 2）“饿吗？”“有点” “(Are you )Hungry? (I am ) Just a bit (hungry).,三在译文中根据英语的习惯用法省去可省的部分或补出不可少的部分。 （一）在对话中，汉语有些疑问句和感叹句往往只省去主语，译成英语后却要省去更多的成分。,1）他搬到了一座新公寓。什么时候搬的？ He moved to a new apartment. When? 2）他们在找你们呢。找我们？ They are looking for you. Looking for us?,3）干完了吗？差不多了。 (Have you )Finished (your work)? Almost. 4）你对他有意见吗？没意见。 Have you got anything to say against him? No.,（二）有些汉语句子省去的成分虽然较多，但仍能完整明确的表达思想，可是英译时，最好把省去的成分补上。 1) 活得不耐烦吗？ Are you getting tired of living?,2) 要一点吗？ Do you want some? 3）她撇了撇嘴说：“作家吗？” She curled her lips and said, “He is a writer?”,1好久不见了。 2没关系。 3像是要下雨的样子。 4怎么啦？小伙子？找下个对象没有？ 5怕不能去。,1. (I) Havent seen you for ages! 2. (It) Doesnt matter. 3. (It) Looks like rain. 4. What about it, young mean ? (Have you) Found yourself a girl yet? 5. (I am) Afraid (I) shant be able to go. (Or: Afraid not.),6“他们在骂你们呐！” “骂我们？” 7你昏了，想买伞！ 8得走了。 9“今天好多了吗？” “好多了。”,6. “They are cursing you！” “Cursing us?” 7. Youre crazy! Buying an umbrella! 8. (Weve) Got to go now. 9. “Better today?” “Much better.”,10“老王买了一台电视机。” “什么时候买的。” 11何不骑车子去？ 12“也许他摔了一跤？” “摔了一跤？” 13饿吗？,10. “Lao Wang bought a TV-set.” “When?” 11. Why not go by bike? 12. “Perhaps he slipped over?” “Slipped over?” (Or: Really) 13. Hungry? (Or: You hungry?),14这麽早就动身？ 15“严重吗？” “不，只是胃有点疼。一定是吃多了。“ 16她有自己的打算，但不愿向别人谈论。,14. (Are you) Leaving so early? 15. “Anything serious?” “No, just a light pain in the stomach. Must have eaten too much.” 16.He has said own plans, but does not like to talk about them.,17这件事你不懂，就别再操心了。 18多年来一直喝这种苦药，我真是喝够了。 19“窗户没有开。“ “我来开。“ 20“她怎么啦？” “又饿又急，昏过去了。”,17. You dont understand what it s all about . You neednt bother. 18.For years Ive been taking this revolting med