结膜、角膜、巩膜病.ppt

2019/5/17,1,第五章 结膜病 Disorder of the conjunction,2019/5/17,2,第一节 细菌性结膜炎 Bacterial conjunctivitis,2019/5/17,3,一、急性卡他性结膜炎 Acute catarrhal conjunctivitis,病因 Etiology 临床表现 Clinical findings 诊断 Diagnosis 治疗 Treatment 预防 Prevention,2019/5/17,4,二、慢性卡他性结膜炎 Chronic catarrhal conjunctivitis,病因 Etiology 临床表现 Clinical findings 诊断 Diagnosis 治疗 Treatment,2019/5/17,5,三、淋菌性结膜炎Gonococcalconjunctivitis,临床表现 Clinical findings 眼分泌物增多 结膜充血 ocular secretion and conjunctival hyperemia.,2019/5/17,6,治疗 Treatment,首先要查找致病原因，然后针对不同致病原因进行恰当治疗。 first of all,it is necessary to look for the cause,and then to give proper management according to different causes.,2019/5/17,7,第二节 衣原体性结膜炎 Chlamydial conjunctivitis,2019/5/17,8,沙眼 Crachoma,病因 Etiology 沙眼衣原体感染 infection of Chlamydia trachomatis 临床表现 Clinical findings 眼分泌物增多，结膜充血，睑结膜乳头增生，上下穹窿部结膜布满滤泡。 ocular secretion and conjunctival hyperemia.，papillary hyperplasia in palpebral conjunctiva,follicles are full of upper and lower fornical conjunctiva.,2019/5/17,9,后遗症与并发症 Sequela and complication,1、睑内反及倒睫 Entropion and trichiasis 2、上睑下垂 Blepharoptosis 3、睑球粘连 Symblepharon 4、实质性角结膜干燥症 Parenchymatous xerosis of conjunctiva 5、慢性泪囊炎 Chronic dacryocysititis 6、角膜混浊 Corneal opacity,2019/5/17,10,治疗 Treatment,包括局部用药 systemic administration 全身用药及手术治疗 operative treatment.,2019/5/17,11,第三节 病毒性结膜炎 Viral conjunctivitis,流行性角结膜炎 Epidemic keratocojunctivitis 病因 Etiology 病原体是腺病毒 The pathogen is adenovirus.,2019/5/17,12,临床表现 Clinical findings,刺激症状显著,自觉有异物感、刺痒、疼痛、畏光和流泪 appear strong irritating symptoms,such as foreign body sensation,itching,pain,photophobia and tearing etc. 耳前淋巴结肿大并有压痛 preauricular lymphadenectasis and tenderness. 同时出现角膜炎症状 at the same time,appear the symptom of keratitis,2019/5/17,13,治疗 Treatment,本病无特效药物 there is no specific drug for the disorder 药物治疗以局部治疗为主 mainly depends on topical treatment.,2019/5/17,14,第六章 角膜病 Disease of the cornea,2019/5/17,15,第一节 角膜炎症 Corneal inflammation,病因 Etiology 外源性、内源性、局部蔓延 exogenous.endogenous.local speading 诊断 Diagnosis 症状 实验室检查 clinical findings lab examinations,2019/5/17,16,治疗原则 The treatment principles,1. 去除病因 rid of pathogenic causes 2. 积极控制感染 control infection 3. 增强全身及局部抵抗力 enhance systemic and local resistance 4. 促进愈合 promote to heal 5. 减少瘢痕形成 reduce scar formation,2019/5/17,17,第二节 炎症 Keratitis,2019/5/17,18,细菌性角膜溃疡 Bacterial corneal ulcer,临床表现 Clinical findings 治疗 Treatment,2019/5/17,19,单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎 Herpes simple keratitis,临床表现 Clinical findings 治疗 Treatment,2019/5/17,20,蚕蚀性角膜溃疡 Rodent ulcer or Mooren ulcer,临床表现Clinical findings 治疗Treatment,2019/5/17,21,角膜软化症 Keratomalacia,临床表现 Clinical findings 治疗 Treatment,2019/5/17,22,第七章 巩膜病 Scleral disorder,2019/5/17,23,第一节 概述 General description,原因 The cause 1. 与多种全身感染性疾病有关 Related to many systemic infectious disorders 2. 外伤或感染 The injury or infection 3. 自身免疫性疾病 Autoimmune desmosis,2019/5/17,24,临床特点 Clinical characteristic 治疗 Treatment,2019/5/17,25,第二节 表层巩膜炎 Episcleritis,一结节性表层巩膜炎 Nodular ep