注释及参考文献格式要求.doc

附录2四川大学外国语学院本科毕业论文注释及参考文献格式要求一注释格式为统一格式起见，本院外语专业学生毕业论文的注释采用尾注和夹注，不采用脚注。凡是对论文中某一单词、词组、引文、或某一说法进行补充性说明的，采用尾注（即下文第1条所说的End-notes）的方式，但在论文里英文统一采用Notes一词（见附录1）；凡是在论文中使用直接引语或间接引语的，一律采用文中夹注的方式（见下文第2条）。1尾注（End-notes） 在正文需注释处的右上方按顺序加注数码，在论文的正文之后写注文，每条注文加对应数码，回行时与上一行注文对齐。加注数码与数码对齐。2夹注（In-text Citations）某些引文和或所依据的文献无需详细注释者，以夹注的形式随文在括弧内注明。1） 来自专著的直接引语，作者姓名在文中已经出现格式： 出版年份：页码例如：Rees said，“As key aspects of learning are not stable，but changeable，this opens the way for the role of the teacher as the pre-eminent mediator in the process”（1986：241）2）来自专著的直接引语，作者姓名在文中没有出现格式： 作者姓名 出版年份：页码。例如： “我们所懂得的只是实体存在的片段，可以肯定地说，一切具有重大意义的理论至多只能是部分地真实，但这不应作为放弃理论研究的借口”(Chomsky 1979:48) 。 “One reason perhaps is that the Chinese audience are more familiar with and receptive to Western culture than the average English readers is to Chinese culture”（Fung 1995：71）3） 如果引述的内容为大段原文（超过四行），所引原文左边双倍缩进（即10个字符），右边与上下文对齐。 引文一般用冒号引出，引文不加引号（注意例句末句号与括号的位置）。例如： He is aware of the politics of his choice and that English is not the natural medium for his social novel. He describes his process of creation thus: I found, while writing spontaneously, that I was always translating dialogue from the original Punjabi into English. The way in which my mother said something in the dialect of central Punjabi could not have been expressed in any other way except in an almost literal translation, which might carry over the sound and the sense of the original speech. I also found, that I was dreaming or thinking or brooding over two-thirds of the prose narrative in Punjabi, or n Hindustani and only one-third in the English language. This happened usually while I was writing stories and novels. (Anand 1979:36)4）来自某篇文章的直接引语，作者姓名在文中没有出现格式： 作者姓名（英文只注姓）、出版年月例如：“Everything rests on the notion that there is such a thing asjustwordsbut there isnt.” （Baston 1972）5）来自专著的间接引语，作者的姓名在文中已经提到格式： 出版年份：引文页码例如：According to Alun Rees（1986:234），the writers focus on the unique contribution that each individual learner brings to the learning situation.6）来自专著的间接引语，作者的姓名在文中没有提到格式： 作者姓名、出版年份；引文页码例如：It may be true that in the appreciation of medieval art the attitude of the observer is of primary importance.（see Robertson 1987:136）注：如所述观点可直接从原文找到，用（c.f.: Robertson 1987:136)7）提到某人的观点（没有提到姓名） 格式：作者姓名，发表年份例如：This point has been argued before. (Frye 1998)A number of studies do not find texts with long series of Terms which derive from a single semantic field. (Thompson 1985; Francis 1989/1990)8）互联网资料 格式： 编号（自设）例如： “A deconstructive reading is a reading which analyses the specificity of a texts critical difference from itself.” (Net.2)注：Net.2.“征引文献”中的编号，是为了便于注明文内引语的出处。参考第二部分参考文献中的第4点“互联网资料”。二参考文献格式（Bibliography）外语专业学生毕业论文中的外文参考文献和中文参考文献分别归类排列，外文的排在前，中文的排在后。英文的参考文献按作者姓名的英文字母顺序排列，无明显作者的英文参考文献（如某些词典、辞书、百科全书）则按书名的英文字母顺序排列。中文的参考文献按作者姓名的拼音字母顺序排列，无明显作者的中文参考文献按书名拼音字母顺序排列。参考文献在第一行写不完的，第二行缩进5个字符。注意标点与空格。1著作类（Books）格式： 作者的姓名，书名，出版地，出版单位和出版年份。Format: Authors last name, given name, Title. Place of publication: publisher, year of publication.1) 独立作者Fairbanks, Carol. Prairie Women: Images in American and Canadian Fiction. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1986.2) 同一作者两本以上的参考书Fairbank, John K. China Perceived: Images and Policies in Chinese-American Relations. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1974._China Watch. Cambridge & London: Harvard University Press, 1987.3) 同一作者两本以上同年出版的参考书Newmark, Peter A. Approaches to Translation. London: Prentice Hall International Ltd., 1998a._ Textbook of Translation. London: Prentice Hall International Ltd., 1998b.4) 同一本书有两作者Grayling, A.C. & Whitfield, Susan. China: A Literary Companion. London: John Murray, 1994.5）同一本书有三位作者以上者Edens, Walter. et al. Teaching Shakespeare. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1977.6) 书的主编Hall, David. ed. The Oxford Book of American Literary Anecdotes. New York: Oxford University Press, 1981.7) 机构作者A Book by a Corporate AuthorAmerican Library Association. Intellectual Freedom Manual (2nd ed). Chicago: ALA, 1983.高等学校外语学刊研究会. 外国语言研究论文索引 （1990-1994）. 上海：上海外语教育出版社，1996。 8) 无作者署名的书Encyclopedia of Photography. New York: Crown, 1984.现代汉语词典. 北京：商务印书馆，1992。9) 一书多册Blotner, Johnson. Faulkner: A Biography (2 vols.). New York: Random, 1974张道真，现代英语用法词典（5册）. 上海：上海译文出版社，1993。10) 翻译著作Arkush, R. David & Lee, Leo O. trans. & eds. Land without Ghost: Chinese impressions of America from the Mid-Nineteenth Century to the Present. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989. 赵元任. 中国话的文法. 丁邦新译. 香港：香港中文大学出版社，1968。11) 政府文件National Institute of Mental Health. Television and Behavior: Ten Years of Scientific Progress and Implications for the Eighties. (DHHS Publication No. ADM 82-1995). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1982.中华人民共和国香港特别行政区基本法。香港：三联书店有限公司，1991。12) 学位论文Conceison, Claire A. Significant Other: Representations of the American in Contemporary Chinese Spoken Drama. Cornell University, May 20002文章类格式：作者姓名，篇名，刊名，刊物的卷号和期号，年份，文章的起止页码。Format: Authors last name, given name. Article title. Journal title, Volume number (Issre/Issue number), year: page number.1) 期刊文章Periodical ArticlesBolinger, D. “The Atomization of Meaning”, Language 41 (1965): 555-573.Fulwiler, T. “How Well Does Writing across Teaching Work?” College English 46 (1984): 13-25.Prakash, Gyan. “Orientalism Now”, History and Theory 34 (3) (1995): 199-212.陈渊. 国外英语教材初探.外国语第1期，1979：66-68。吕叔湘、饶长溶. 试论非谓形容词，中国语文第2期，1981:81-85。2）论文集的文章An Article in an Anthology or the Published Proceedings of a ConferencePeters, M. & Stephen, T. B. “Interaction Routines as Cultural Influences upon Language Acquisition” In Schieffelin, B.B. & Ochs, E. eds. Language Socialization Across Cultures. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986: 80-96.3) 报纸署名文章A Signed Article in a Daily NewspaperDarst, James. “Environmentalists Want Hotels, Concessions Removed from US Parks”, Boston Globe, May 25, 1988:17.吴天. 外来语与我国文化的冲突.牛城日报10月23日，2000：B5。4) 工具书署名文章A Signed Article in a Reference BookTobias, R. & Thurber, J. Encyclopedia Americana. 1987 ed.南文. 联合国的口述录音翻译。中国翻译词典1997年版。5) 工具书非署名文章An Unsigned Article in a Reference BookTharp, Twyla. Whos Who of American Women. 15th ed. 1987-88.6）社论An EditorialYoung, Gifted, Black-and Inspired. Editorial. Washington Post, May 18, 1988:20.大力加强金融系统思想政治工作纪念中国共产党诞生79周年。金融时报7月1日社论，2000：1。3非文字材料Non-print1) 电脑软件Computer Software格式：制作人姓名、软件名称（说明是电脑软件）、版本，年份。Format: Computer programmers last name, given name. Title (Computer software). Model number, year.Rosenberg, Victor, et al. Pro-Cite. Vers.1.3. (Computer software). IBM PCDOC 2.0, 256KB, disk, 1987.2) 电影、电视、广播、幻灯、录像、录音、艺术品Films, TV and Radio Programs, Slides, Videotapes, Audiotapes and Art Works格式：片名（或节目名），导演姓名，出品地（或播出台和播出地），年份（或播出日期）。Format: Name of film. Directors last name, given name. Place of production, year (or date of showing).The Last Emperor (Film). Bertolucci, Bernardo (Director). With J. Lone & P. OToole. Columbia, 1987.If God Ever Listened: A Portrait of Alice Walker. Horizons (Radio program). Rosenthal, Jane (Pr