山东省滨州市2019年中考英语语法专项复习语法一冠词语法考点剖析.docx

冠词语法考点剖析考点一 不定冠词1基本用法(1)泛指某个人或物，意思为“一”，数量概念比one弱。A girl is looking for you.有个女孩在找你。(2)用于可数名词单数形式前，表示一类人或物。A dog is a useful animal.狗是一种有用的动物。(3)用于表示时间、速度、价格等意义的名词前，表示“每一”，相当于every或each。We have six classes a day.我们每天六节课。(4)用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。The apple is delicious. Can I have a second one？这苹果很好吃，我能再吃一个吗？(5)用于物质名词前面，表示“一种、一场”等。What a heavy rain！好大的一场雨！(6)用于第一次提到的人或事物的名称前。I saw a boy over there. He was sleeping.我看见一个男孩在那儿。他正在睡觉。(7)构成一些固定短语。a little bit有点儿a couple of两个all of a sudden突然 have a cold感冒have a look看一看 have a rest/break休息一下have a try试一试 have a walk散步once in a while偶尔 pay a visit to拜访play a role发挥作用 quite a lot/few许多 不定冠词的用法不定冠词两变体，a或an都表“一”。可数名词首次提，何人何物不具体。某类人、物任一个，有时还要表“每一”。2a/an的辨析an用在以元音音素开头的名词前，如an egg。即使单词拼写以辅音字母开头，如果单词的读音是以元音音素开头，也要用an，如an hour。反之即使拼写以元音字母开头但读音是以辅音音素开头，加不定冠词时也要用a，如 a university。(1)常见的以元音音素开头的重点名词和形容词 animalanswerarmappleAsian easy egg eraserelephant eye education educationalengineer hour idea impoliteimportant interesting orange umbrellauncle unhappy unknown unpleasantunusual (2)常见的不定冠词易错短语an honest boyan houra university a useful booka usual story a European countrya UFO1(2018广东中考改编) new study says that going to bed late is harmful to our health.A/ BA CAn Dthe2(2018甘肃白银中考)The man is driving at 40 kilometers hour.Aa Ban Cthe D/3(2018湖南郴州中考改编)My daughter seldom has breakfast.Its unhealthy habit. Breakfast is very important to health.Aa Ban Cthe D/4(2018江苏宿迁中考)There will be talk on good manners at the school hall this afternoon.Athe Ban Ca D/5(2018山东济南长清二模)Excuse me, Mary. Whats that in English?Its apple. Aa Ban Cthe D/6(2018山东济南高新一模)Tina, do you have English pen pal?Yes, I do. I have one in Britain.Aa Ban Cthe D/7(2018山东济南育英中学一模)Whats on the table?Theres dictionary on it.Aa Ban Cthe D/考点二 定冠词1用在特定的人或物的名词前，表示特指。Who is the girl over there？那边的女孩是谁？2用来指上文中已提到过的人或事物。 There is a chair in the room. An old man is sitting on the chair.房间里有一把椅子，椅子上坐着一位老人。3用于表示世界上独一无二的事物名词前以及普通名词构成的专有名词前。the sun太阳 the moon月亮the earth地球the Great Wall长城the United States美国the Pacific Ocean太平洋the Tianshan Mountains天山山脉4用在表示演奏的西洋乐器之前。The boy can play the piano.这个男孩会弹钢琴。中国的传统乐器前不加the。My father can play erhu.我爸爸会拉二胡。5用于形容词、副词的最高级前。Math is the most difficult subject for me.对我来说，数学是最难的科目。6用在序数词或表示顺序的其他词前。All the students take five subjects in the first year.所有学生第一年要上五门课程。7“the形容词”或“the可数名词单数”表示一类事物。The new is sure to replace the old.新事物一定会取代旧事物。The dog is one of the cleverest animals in the world.狗是世界上最聪明的动物之一。8用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妇俩”。The Turners were having lunch when I got there.我到那里的时候，特纳一家正在吃午饭。9用在next, last, same, only等词前。Are you the only child？你是独生子吗？No. I have a sister.不是，我有一个姐姐。10构成一些固定短语。around the world世界各地do the dishes清洗餐具go to the movies看电影take the subway乘地铁in the countryside在乡下；在农村in the face of面对(问题、困难等)at the top of.在顶部或顶端in the end最后all the time频繁；反复at the beginning of.在开始 at the same time同时；一起by the time .在以前by the end of在(某时间点)以前the day before yesterday前天the day after tomorrow后天get in the way of.挡的路；妨碍 on the one hand . on the other hand .一方面另一方面 the more. the more.越越；愈愈定冠词的基本用法定冠词用法有规律，防止遗忘很容易。特指双方都熟悉，上文已经被提及。世上无二仅独一，序数词和最高级。山河海岛建筑物，姓氏复数奏乐器。少数形表人一类，方位名词须牢记。普构专有惯用词，试用此诀有效率。1(2018天津中考改编)There is an old piano in corner of the living room.Athe Ban Ca D/2(2018四川成都中考改编)Who is boy playing soccer over there?He is my classmate, Li Ping.Aa B/ Cthe Dan3(2018四川达州中考改编)Jim is a careless boy.Yeah.Youre right.He always drops “o” when he writes the word “dangerous”Athe Ban Ca D/4(2018浙江温州中考)Will you go to schoolleavers party tomorrow?Certainly. Im going with my parents.Aa Ban Cthe D/5(2018贵州中考改编)Jane, I found an umbrella. Is it yours?No. Its Mikes. Mine is third one on the shelf.Aa Ban Cthe D/6(2018四川眉山中考改编)Listen! Someone is playing violin.Wow! What beautiful music! I like it very much.Athe Ban Ca D/ 考点三 零冠词1表示泛指的不可数名词和复数名词前。We cant live without air.我们离不开空气。I like oranges, but my mother likes apples.我喜欢橘子，但我妈妈喜欢苹果。2名词前已有限定词时。There is no pen in your schoolbag.你书包里没有钢笔。3表示节日、季节、月份、日期、星期的名词前。March 8th is Womens Day.3月8日是妇女节。表示节日后面用day的时候不用the; 用festival的时候加the，如Thanksgiving Day, the Spring Festival。4表示球类、棋类、游戏、学科、语言、三餐的名词前。What do you like for breakfast？你早餐想吃什么？Lets play basketball after school.放学后咱们打篮球吧！5by后接交通工具时。by bike骑自行车by car开汽车6构成一些固定短语。on time准时on foot步行at noon在中午at first首先；最初by mistake错误地；无意中零冠词下列情况不用冠，名词之前代词限。专有名词不可数，球类、学科与三餐。复数名词表泛指，节日、月份、星期前。颜色、语种和国名，称呼、习语及头衔。有些名词前用冠词或不用冠词，意义有所不同。(1)at table在吃饭；at the table在桌子旁(2)in class在上课；in the class在班级中(3)go to school去上学；go to the school到那所学校去(4)go to bed上床睡觉；go to the bed到床那边去(5)in front of在的前面；in the front of在的前部1(2018吉林长春中考)I enjoy having breakfast with my family at home. It makes me feel relaxed.Aa Ban Cthe D/2(2018内蒙古呼和浩特中考改编)There is a chess match between a Korean player and AlphaGo.Its very amazing. Playing chess is usually a onetoone game.Aa Ban Cthe D/3(2018黑龙江齐齐哈尔中考改编)How long does it take us to go to your hometown from here?It takes us an hour to go to my hometown by train.Aa Ban Cthe D/4(2017重庆中考)The boys often pla