2018年高考英语二轮复习第二部分知识运用篇专题3完形填空第4讲说明文练案.docx

专题三完形填空第四讲说明文真题验证(2015安徽高考)In our modern world，when something wears out，we throw it away and buy a new one.The _1.D_ is that countries around the world have growing mountains of _2.B_ because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.How did we _3.B_ a throwaway society? First of all，it is now easier to _4.C_ an object than to spend time and money to repair it._5.A_ modern manufacturing (制造业) and technology，companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively.Products are plentiful and _6.C_.Another cause is our _7.A_ of disposable (一次性的) products.As _8.D_ people，we are always looking for _9.A_ to save time and make our lives easier.Companies _10.C_ thousands of different kinds of disposable products：paper plates，plastic cups，and cameras，to name a few.Our appetite for new products also _11.D_ to the problem.We are _12.B_ buying new things.Advertisements persuade us that _13.A_ is better and that we will be happier with the latest products.The result is that we _14.D_ useful possessions to make room for new ones.All around the world，we can see the _15.D_ of this throwaway lifestyle.Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger.To _16.D_ the amount of rubbish and to protect the _17.B_，more governments are requiring people to recycle materials._18.A_，this is not enough to solve (解决) our problem.Maybe there is another way out.We need to repair our possessions _19.D_ throwing them away.We also need to rethink our attitudes about _20.A_.Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.文章大意：本文是说明文。本文讲述了为什么我们的社会变成了一个垃圾成山、一次性物品充斥的社会，同时指出要保护环境、解决这一问题，除了回收资源以外，人们更应该改变的是消费习惯。AkeyB.reasonCprojectD.problem解析：下文语境题。根据第一段末句中的“because people.than ever before”可知这里描述的是一种世界各国正在面临的问题。AgiftsB.rubbishC.debtD.products解析：下文语境题。根据空格后的原因状语从句“because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before”可知答案。AfaceB.becomeC.observeD.change解析：下文语境题。文章第二段、第三段和第四段分析了我们变成一次性物品充斥的社会的原因。由此可知此句是总领性的句子我们是怎样变成一次性物品充斥的社会的。AhideB.controlCreplaceD.withdraw解析：下文语境题。因为此文谈及的是一次性物品充斥的社会。在一次性物品充斥的社会中，和花时间与金钱修理东西相比，更换一个东西当然要更容易些。hide“隐藏”；control“控制”；replace“取代”；withdraw“提取”。AThanks toB.As toCExcept for D.Regardless of解析：下文语境题。由于现代制造业和技术，公司可以更快地、更加低成本地生产东西。AsafeB.funnyCcheapD.powerful解析：上文语境题。由上一句中的“produce products quickly and inexpensively”可知。AloveB.lackCprevention D.division解析：下文语境题。由第三段可知，人们喜爱一次性产品是因为它可以节约时间，使人们的生活更轻松。这里表明人们对一次性产品的喜爱是另外一个原因。AsensitiveB.kindCbraveD.busy解析：语义逻辑题。为什么要节约时间？是因为人们比较忙。AwaysB.placesCjobsD.friends解析：语义逻辑题。忙碌的我们总是寻找节省时间的方法。AdonateB.receiveCproduceD.preserve解析：语义逻辑题。公司生产许多不同种类的一次性产品。根据前句的语境可知此处表示生产一次性产品。Aadapts B.returnsCrespondsD.contributes解析：下文语境题。由本段内容可知，我们对新产品的强烈欲望也会引起这个问题。adapt to“适应”；return to“返回”；respond to“对作出反应”；contribute to“有助于”。Atired of B.addicted toCworried aboutD.ashamed for解析：上文语境题。根据前句“我们对新产品的欲望也会引起这个问题”，以及后句“we will be happier with the latest products”推理可知。Anewer B.strongerC.higherD.larger解析：下文语境题。根据空后的“we will be happier with the latest products”可知此处表示“越新越好”。Apick up B.pay forChold ontoD.throw away解析：固定搭配题。make room for new ones“为新东西腾出空间”，那么如何为新东西腾出空间呢？Aadvantages B.purposesC.functionsD.consequences解析：下文语境题。根据后句“Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger”可知此处指的是“这种抛弃型的生活方式造成的后果”。Ashow B.recordCdecreaseD.measure解析：下文语境题。根据后句中的“more governments are requiring people to recycle materials”和文章最后一句中的“.to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment”可知。Atechnology B.environmentC.consumersD.brands解析：参见上题解析。AHoweverBOtherwiseC.ThereforeDMeanwhile解析：下文语境题。根据下一段内容以及空格后的“this is not enough to solve (解决) our problem”推理可知空格前后应为转折关系。AbyB.in favour ofC.afterD.instead of解析：语义逻辑题。维修东西和扔掉它们是对立的概念，因此可知答案。Aspending B.collectingCrepairingD.advertising解析：上文逻辑题。根据前句中的“to repair our possessions _14_ throwing them away”以及后句中的“Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits.”可知。模拟强化(2017广东省适应性测试)Some adults spend a lot of time trying to stop children playing.They are usually people who think of play as being the _1.B_ of work and therefore a waste of time.For humans，work is a way of getting food to eat，and like humans，_2.A_ must spend time doing the _3.A_ things.Regardless of this，children _4.C_ playing，and so do other young animals.It is quite _5.A_ to keep both a small child and a young cat _6.D_ for hours with a piece of paper.Hunting may be the most obvious skill _7.B_ in play，but it is far from being the only one.Lambs and goat kids play _8.A_，although they will never _9.A_ anything other than some grass.But for these young animals too，_10.C_ is an important part of learning.Sheep and goats are _11.C_ hill and mountain animals.Running and skipping exercise young legs and develop a strong sense of _12.D_ that will keep them safe on the steepest rocks._13.B_ animals，play is not so different._14.A_ trees and catching flies are not the most obvious training for the adult world，but the flexibility _15.D_ in these activities is similar to that required of a bus driver or businessman.What we know about animals shows us that playing is a very good way of _16.A_，so maybe one of the best ways for _17.C_ to learn is also by playing.Children find playing is fun，but _18.B_ notice that they are also learning at the same time.Most people continue to play games long after they have become _19.A_，and perhaps that is because we rely so much on our _20.D_ to learn.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。通过与动物的类比得出“玩”对于孩子们来说也是一种学习的方式。ArewardBoppositeCbasisDnature解析：命题人考查的是名词词义辨析。 根据上文“一些成年人会花费大量的时间阻止孩子玩”，因此他们认为玩浪费时间，是学习工作的对立面( opposite)。reward 奖励；basis基础；nature自然，本性；均不符合句意。 AanimalsBchildrenCparentsDcats解析：命题人考查的是名词词义辨析。根据上文，“对人类而言，工作是获取食物的一种途径”，像人类一样，动物( animals)必须花时间做相同的(same)事情。children孩子们；parents父母；cats猫；均不符合句意。AsameBordinaryCdullDchief解析：命题人考查的是形容词词义辨析。结合上一题解析可知答案。ordinary普通的；dull迟钝的；无趣的；chief主要的；均不符合句意。AdelayBregretCenjoyDignore解析：命题人考查的是动词词义辨析。根据上文的类比，孩子们喜欢(enjoy)玩，其他小动物也是如此。delay延期，耽搁；regret后悔；ignore忽视；均不符合句意。ApossibleBnecessaryCreasonableDdifficult解析：命题人考查的是形容词词义辨析。让一个小孩子和一只小猫用一张纸玩(amused)几个小时是相当有可能的( possible)；necessary必要的；reasonable合理的；difficult困难的；均不符合句意。AannoyedBalarmedCamazedDamused解析：命题人考查的是动词词义辨析。结合上一题解析可知答案。annoyed使恼怒；alarmed 使惊恐；amazed使吃惊；均不符合句意。AkeptBpracticedCtestedDrequired解析：命题人考查的是动词词义辨析。根据下文羊羔和山羊崽无休止地(endlessly)奔跑可知，追逐是在玩中练习( practiced)的最明显的技能。kept保持；tested测验；required要求；均不符合句意。AendlesslyBclumsilyCcrazilyDaggressively解析：命题人考查的是副词词义辨析。结合上一题解析可知答案。clumsily笨拙地；crazily疯狂地；aggressively攻击地；均不符合句意。AhuntBplantClearnDcatch解析：命题人考查的是动词词义辨析。 根据第二段第一句可知，此处指猎狩(hunt)。plant种植； learn学会；catch捉住；均不符合句意。AjumpBworkCplayDwalk解析：命题人考查的是名词词义辨析。 根据上文的例子可知，“玩( play)也是学习的重要部分。” jump跳；work工作；walk步行；均不符合句意。AstrangelyBinitiallyCnaturallyDequally解析：命题人考查的是副词词义辨析。 结合常识可知，羊羔和山羊天生(naturally)都是山地动物。 strangely奇怪地；initially最初地；equally平等地；均不符合句意。AdirectionBspaceCdistanceDbalance解析：命题人考查的是名词词义辨析。根据语境，绵羊和山羊通过跑、跳练习腿部，发展强烈的平衡(balance)意识，以保证它们在陡峭的山崖上的安全。direction方向；space空间；distance距离；均不符合句意。ABased onBCompared withCInspired byDDeveloped from解析： 命题人考查的是短语辨析。根据上下文，上文提到绵羊和山羊的跑跳锻炼平衡，下文提到人类爬(climbing)树、捉苍蝇进行比较(compared with)。based on以为基础；inspired by受启发；developed from从开发；均不符合句意。AClimbingBGrowingCWateringDCutting解析：命题人考查的是动词词义辨析。 结合上一题解析可知答案。growing使生长；watering 给浇水；cutting砍伐；均不符合句意。AreducedBallowedCdamagedDneeded解析：命题人考查的是动词词义辨析。根据上文，爬树