非谓语动词注意事项.doc

非谓语动词注意事项一、非谓语动词辨析1. Im looking forward to _(_来看你)before longYou should look forward _what is written on the blackboard(see)The day Im looking forward to _(come) at last2. The boy works hard, _(hope) to enter a key university3. The boy works hard _(hope) to enter a key university4. He is said _ (write) a novel, but he hasnt begun itHe is said _(write) a novel, but he hasnt finished it. He is said _(write) a novel, but I havent read it.5. The building _(build) now will be a hospital.The building _（build）next year will be a hospital.The building _(build) last year is a hospital.The building, _(build) for 2 years, will be a hospital6. _(从山上看) and you will see the beautiful city. _(从山上看), you will see the beautiful city._(从山上看), the city looks more beautiful.二、过去分词作定语表示完成，不定式作定语表示将来。The platform_（build）will be used to perform on.建完的舞台会用作表演用The platform, _, will be used to perform on. 建完的舞台会用作表演用 The platform _（build）will be used to perform on.要建造的舞台会用作表演用 三、分词的完成式不能做定语，非限制性后置定语可以用于分词的完成式，中间用逗号隔开。The platform having been built will be used to perform on (F)_her opinion about the building, he left the meeting（give）_ for a long time, the computer needs repairing.(use)The computer_(use) for a long time needs repairing.The computer, _for a long time, needs repairing.(use)The computer _now needs repairing. (use)四、表示被动时，不强调时间，可用done, +主句 强调进行，可用being done,+ 主句, 强调完成，可用having been done,+主句_as a means of traffic in China, bikes are useful.(use)_by me now, the bike cant be lent to you. (use)_ for many years, the bike needs repairing. (use)五、1. sb. is said, sb. is reported, sb. is supposed, sb. is considered/thought/believedto be doing/to have done, 后面用不定式时，要区分是进行式还是完成式2. seem/appear/happen(碰巧)to have done, to be doing, to do动词不定式的各种形式：to do, to be doing, to have done, to have been done, to have been doingThey seemed _(eat)something when we came in. He is supposed _(visit) London now. He is said_(be) to London several timesThe book was said _(translate) into many other languages.They are reported _(build) another bridge across the river nowTom is said _(study) abroad before he worked.Tom is said _(design) a new program recently, but I dont know when he will finish it. 六、在动词hope, want, plan, expect, intend, mean, promise, wish后面的不定式的完成式表示过去要做而没有做的事I hoped _(meet) you at the airport yesterday, but I was so busy then.We expected _(reach) home early, but the bridge had been washed away.She wanted _(help) me with my housework, but she couldnt get to my house on time七、get, set, send, leave, catch, find, keep, spend, waste+宾语+doingI caught the thief _(steal) something valuable from the shop. Dont waster time _(talk) to him about it. We found dozens of trees_(lie) across the road.Im sorry to have kept you _so long.(wait) Can you get the old car_(go) again?八、find, consider, think, feel, make +it +adj.(n.)+to doThe dust _a clear picture of the park 灰尘让我们很难照到一张清楚的公园照片= we feel _Do you _认为完成这项工作不可能吗？九、疑问词+to do的形式He asked us _去哪，什么时候去。I dont know _是否回这封信十、有些to是介词，不是动词不定式符号，后面用doing, 例如;31. object（objection）to doing, 2.look forward to doing, 3.devote oneself to doing, 4. pay attention to doing,5. be(get) used to doing, 6. be(get) accustomed to doing, 7. be opposed to doing(=object to doing),8. stick to doing, 9. get down to doing, 10.lead to doing,11. prefer doing to doing,12 contribute to(有助于)doing He sticks to _(write) his novel in spite of his illness. Lets get down to _(do) our homework first.Would you object to _(open) the window? He devoted himself to _（teach）十一、区别以下词组1. would rather dothan do,2. had better do, 3. prefer to do rather than do, 4. do nothing but do, 5. cannot but do(不得不做)，6 cant help but do(不得不做)，7.cant choose but do, 不得不做8. cant help doing(情不自禁地做), 9. cant do but do只能做，10. can do nothing but do只能做11. have no choice but to do只能做,12. want nothing but to do 只想做13. enjoy nothing but doing 只喜欢He didnt say anything but to wait. He can do nothing but _(wait)He cant help but _(wait) He cant but _(wait). He cant choose but _(wait) He won the match. He couldnt helping _(laugh)He cant go out but _(wait) at home He has no choice but _.十二、have, let, make, get的词组：1. have sb. do, 2. have +sb/sth +doing 3. have +sb./sth. +done,4. have to do sth. 5. have sth. to do 6. make +sb.do 7. let sb do=have/make sb do8. get(ask) sb to do sth9. get sb/sth done=have sb/sth done十三、1. see sb. do2. watch sb. do3. look sb. do4. see sb. do5. notice sb. do6. observe sb. do7. listen to sb do8. hear sb. do9. feel sb. do10. see sb. doing11. watch sb. doing12. look sb. doing13. see sb. doing14. notice sb. doing15. observe sb. doing16. listen to sb doing17. hear sb. doing18. feel sb. doing十四、leave +n +to do(将要做)/doing(正在做)/done(被做)He left his wife and three children, never to be heard from. He left his work _(do) and went home. Lets go home and leave the work _(finish) tomorrow. 十五、固定用法：doing：generally speaking, judging from/by依据来判断, talking/speaking of(说起，谈起)to do: to be honest, to tell you the truth, to make matters worse, to start with, 十六、be done 不表示被动的情况;Be seated, be dressed in, be lost in, be stuck/caught/trapped in处于。之中，be based on, be located/situated in/at, be exposed to 处于。环境之中，be determined to do, be devoted to doing, be faced with, be set in以。为背景十七、区别：接to do 和接doing 的意思不同1. remember to do, remember doing2. forget to do, forget doing3. regret to do, regret doing4. try to do, try doing5. go on to do, go on doing6. can t help to do,不能帮助做 cant help doing y7. stop to do, stop doing8. sb. needs，wants, requires to do, sth needs, wants, requires doing9. only to do, 结果却。，不料却。，only doing 结果只是,表示一个意料之中的结果10. be worth doing=be worthy to be done=be worthy of being done11. as if doing, 好像在(正在)，as if to do好像要，表示目的练习：I hurried to the supermarket, _(find) it was closed. 我匆忙赶到超市,不料它已经关门了。He aimed, fired, _(bring)down a red-necked bird.He made a long speech _ (fi