高考语法--非谓语.doc

高考英语重要语法回顾-非谓语非谓语动词包括不定式，-ing和过去分词。它们是高中所学的基础语法，也是高考必考内容。既是高考的难点又是高考的热点。1 三种非谓语动词的构成及变化形式。一般式进行时完成时不定式主动被动-ing主动被动过去分词(句子中不能_和_ 成分)确定非谓语后解题思路 解析句子结构，确定设空在句子中充当的功能（如状语、定语或宾补）； 找准相关动词的逻辑主语，确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系（主动还是被动）； 搜索句子中相关的时间信息，确定非谓语动词的恰当形式；（一般式还是完成时） 将该选项置入空中，看是否能够做到字从意顺，或是否能传达有效信息、完成交际任务。难点一如何确定非谓语1. Prices of daily goods through a computer can be lower than store prices. (02春招) A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying2. Five people won the “Chinas Green Figure” award, a title _ to ordinary people their contributions to environmental protection. (06山东)A. being given B. is given C. given D. was given3. The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent _at the end of last March. A. has been launched B. having been launched C. being launched D. to be launched(07山东)4. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _, he gladly accepted it. A. finished B. finishing C. having finished D. was finished（07 安徽）5.Please do me a favor _ my friend Mr. Smith to Youth Theater at 7:30 tonight. (09湖南)A. to inviteB. invitingC. inviteD. invited6. Before you quit your job, _how your family would feel about your decision. （12重庆）A. consider B. considering C. to consider D. considered7. the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you will learn a lot about firefighting. （08湖南）A. Having searched B. To search C. Searching D. Search难点二如何确定主动被动1. not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. (09福建)A. Reminding B. Reminded C. To remind D. Having reminded2. The lecture, _ at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes. A. startingB. being startedC. to startD. to be started（12湖南）3._ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police(05江苏)A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing4. Can those _ at the back of the classroom hear me? (08福建)A. seat B. sit C. seated D. sat5. _ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. （05湖南） A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed 6. _ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. （06四川) A. Faced B. Face C. Facing D. To face特殊用法特殊记忆_6. Mr. Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one _. (06安徽)A. blamed B. blaming C. to blame D. to be blamed7.The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. (04上海)A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt非谓语主动表被动_难点三如何确定时间先后关系1. I send you 100 dollars today, the rest _ in a year. （05湖南） A. follows B. followed C. to follow D. being followed 2.At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _ could be heard outside the classroom. (07全国II)A. opened and closedB. to be opened and closed C. being opened and closed D. to open and close3. He got up late and hurried to his office, _ the breakfast untouched. （12天津）A. left B. to leave C. leaving D. having left4. that she didnt do a good job, I dont think I am abler than her. (07陕西)A. To have saidB. Having saidC. To sayD. Saying热点一：非谓语作状语。非谓语动词作状语多表示伴随状态，或事情发生的原因，结果。注意：作目的状语只用不定式. 1Did the book give the information you needed? Yes. But _ it, I had to read the entire book. A. to find B. find C. to finding D. finding. (08北京)2. _ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if shed like that little doll on her bed. A. Seeing B. To see C. See D. Seen(08北京)3.(08安徽) _ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring. A. To walk. B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked解题技巧：_特殊1. (06陕西) He hurried to the booking office only _ that all the tickets had been sold out.A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told2.（08辽宁)He was busy writing a story, only _ once in a while to smoke a cigarette.A. to stop B. stoppingC. to have stopped D. having stopped热点二： 非谓语作定语 1. It is one of the funniest things _ on the Internet so far this year. (08浙江)A. finding B. being found C. to find D. found2. If there is a lot of work _, Im happy to just keep on until it is finished. (08上海)A. to doB. to be doingC. doneD. doing解题技巧：_热点三： 非谓语动词做补语（1“使让”类动词2感官类动词3.with复合结构）1. Alexander tried to get his work _in the medical circles (10辽宁).A. to recognize B. recognizing C. recognize D. recognized 2.To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _ as much as we can. (08江苏) A. speak. B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak3.Sorry. With so much work my mind, I almost break down. （07 福建）A.filled B.filling C.to fill D.being filled4. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _ for a meal to be cooked. A. laid B. laying C. to lay D. being laid(10山东).5. Having finished her project, she was invited by the school to the new students. （12江西） Aspeaking Bhaving spoken Cto speak Dto have spoken解题技巧_考点四：非谓语做宾语 解题技巧：记忆动词搭配,做题事半功倍。下列动词或词组既可以跟-ing作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别，要特别注意。1. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 forget doing sth.忘记已经做过某事remember to do sth. 记住去做某事remember doing sth. 记得曾经做过某事regret to do sth.遗憾去做某事 regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事stop doing sth. 停止做一件事情try to do sth. 努力/试图做某事 try doing sth. 尝试着做某事mean to do sth. 意欲/想/企图做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事go on to do sth. (做完某事)接着做另一件事 go on doing sth.继续做同一件事(=go on with sth.)cant help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事 cant help doing sth. 情不自禁地做某事1. Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried _ alone, but she didnt like it and moved back home. A.living B. to live C. to be living D. having lived(08湖南)2.Robert is indeed a wise man. Oh, yes. How often I have regretted _ his advice! A. to take B. taking C. not to take D. not taking2007 安徽3.When asked by the police, he said that he remembered _ at the party, but not _.( 05北京) A. to arrive, leavingB. to arrive, to leaveC. arriving, leaving D. arriving, to leave4.I remembered the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. A. locking B. to lock C. having locked D. to have locked (12安徽)解题方法之从_角度考虑1._ and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize. (06全国I).A. Surprising B. Surprised C. Being surprised D. To be surprising2.A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending, but the reader must not be left _.(06天津).A. unsatisfied B. unsatisfying C. to be unsatisfying D. being unsatisfied3.Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues_ with her stories. A. amused B. amusing C. to amuse D. to be amused.(10上海).4.Tom sounds very much _ in the job, but Im not sure whether he can manage it. (06安徽)A. interested B. interesting C. interestingly D. interestedly解题方法之特殊_结构1.Please remain _ until the plane has come to a complete stop. （07 山东） Ato seat Bto be seated Cseating Dseated 2.In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.来:A. sticking B. stuck C. to be stuck D. to have stuck(10福建).3.Tom knew he would certainly get_ if he was late home.(08四川) A.shout at B. to shout at C. shouted at D. to be shouted at 解题方法之_法1.Generally speaking, _ according to direction, the drug has no side-effect. (03上海) A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken2.You cant imagine what difficulty we had _ home in the snowstorm. （07辽宁）A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking解题方法之_特殊记忆1. The message is very important, so it is supposed as soon as possible.(08陕西)A. to be sent B. to send C. being sent D. sending2.(06江西) It took a long time for the connection between body temperature and illness_.A. to make B. to be made C. making D. being made3.(09湖南)Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it _.A. reusingB. reusedC. reusesD. to be reused4. (08北京) I feel greatly honored _ into their society.A. to welcome B. welcoming C. to be welcomed D. welcomed5.In many peoples opinion，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant . A. to deal with B. dealing with C. to be dealt with D. dealt with(10四川).6. The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy _ anything that happened to be on. A. to watch B. watching C. watched D. to have watched（12全国I）冷门1： 非谓语动词做主语和表语1 Something as simple as _ some cold water may clear your mind or relieve pressure. A. to drink B. drinking C. to be drinking D. drunk(08上海)2.Its necessary to be prepared for a job interview. _ the answers ready will be of great help. （05北京） A. To have had B. having had C. Have D. Having冷门2句子结构复杂化1. Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, _ reduce unemployment pressures. (09江苏)A. helpB. to have helped C. to help D. having helped2.It is worth considering what makes “convenience” foods so popular, and _ better ones of your own.A. introduces B. to introduce C. introducing D. introduced(08年北京)3. Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school. _ the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni (校友) from home and abroad. (09江苏)A. Attend B. To attend C. Attending D. Having attended冷门3：to的一词多用（09全国I)The children all turned the famous actress as she entered the classroom.A. looked at B. to look at C. to looking at D. look at冷门4 考非谓语的逻辑主语While watching television, _.（05全国III） Athe doorbell rang Bthe doorbell rings Cwe heard the doorbell ring Dwe heard the doorbell rings小心点：非谓语的否定1.Victor apologized for _ to inform me of the change in the plan. (04上海春) A. his being no able B. him no to be able C. his not being able D. him to be not able 2._ the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks. (04广东) A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed3. The lawyer listened with full attention， to miss any point. (10四川). A. not trying B. trying not C. to try not D. not to try 8年 山东高考英语非谓语1. George returned after the war, only _ that his wife had left him.（12山东）A. to be told B. telling C. being told D. told 2. After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope _.（12山东）A. providing B. provided C. having provided D. provide 3. Look over there-theres a very long, winding path_up to the house.（11山东）A. leading B. leads C. led D.to lead4. I have a lot of readings