下半英语学科知识与教学能力试题.docx

英语学科知识与教学能力试题（高级中学）1.考试时间120分钟，满分150分。2.请按规定在答题卡上填涂、作答，在试卷上作答无效，不予评分。一、单项选择题（本大题共30小题，每小题2分，共60分）1.InEnglish,theaspiratedphandtheunaspiratedpare_.A.minimalpairsB.inphonemiccontrastC.twodistinctivephonemesD.incomplementarydistribution1. 【答案】D。解析:考查音系学知识。此题句意是：在英语中，送气音位变体ph和不送气的音位变体p是什么关系?ph和p是同一音位/p/的音位变体。complementarydistribution表示“互补分布”。在同一语音环境中出现的两个音并不形成对照或对比，或者说，如果将其中一个代替另一个并不会产生新词或新意时，则这两个音位变体之间的关系是互补分布。所以此题D正确。minimalpair表示“最小对比对”，是指两个语音形式或词除了一个语音片段之外其余部分完金相同的状态，如pill和bill，dill和kill等；phonemiccontrast表示“音位对立”，是指两个相似的音位出现在不同语音的同一位置，并产生意义差别，如ph和p在rope相robe中，它们都在词尾的位置，但是意义不同，因此，它们之间的关系是对立的。twodistinctivephonemes表示两个不同的音位。而题中ph和p是同一音位/p/的音位变体，所以C不正确。故选D。2. /s/ and/ can be distinguished by_. A. manner of articulation B. place of articulation C. vibration of the vocal cords D. aspiration of articulation 2.答案】B.解析：考查语言学知识。此题句意是:/s/ and/有什么不同? manner of articulation表示发言方式，.; place of articulation表示“发音部位”；vibration of the vocal cords表示“声带的震动”；aspiration of articulation表示“送气发音”。/s/和/都是清辅音、摩擦音，并且发音时都送气，所以排除A、B和C选顷，而/s/和/的不同在于发音部位，/s/为齿龈音，而/为齿音，故B正确。 3. You II find thisTravel Guide to be of great_ in helping you and your children to get around Malaysia. A. cost B. price C. valueD. expenditure 3.【答案】C。解析：考查名词词义辨析。此题句意思：你会发现Travel Guide这本书在帮助你和你的孩子游览马来西亚这方面是_。“be of+抽象名词”相当于形容词. be of value表示“很有价值”，故C正确。cost表示花费；price表示价格；expenditure表示“开支，费用” 4. When the train_, all the school students were surprised to see that the Carlisle team had one man only. A. pulled down B. pulled on C.pulled of D.pulled in4. 【答案】D。解析:考查动词词组辨析。此题句意是:当火车_，学校所奇的学生都惊讶地看到Carlisle队只高一个男生。pulldown表示拆毁，毁坏；pullon表示“牵，拉”；“pulloff”表示“做成某事”；pullin表示“（指火车）进站”，故D正确。5.Whichofthefollowingwordscontainsaninflectionalmorpheme?A.Disappear.B.Blacken.C.Oxen.D.Anti-pollution.5.【答案】C。解析：考查形态学知识。此题句意是：下列哪一词包含屈折语素？屈折语素表明各种不同的语法关系和语法范畴。四个选项中，只有C选项Oxen中en表示复数，所以C正确。6.Readingistothemind_foodistothebody.A.thatB.whichC.asD.what6.【答案】D。解析:考查固定结构。此题句意为:阅读之于思维犹如食物之于人体。AistoBwhatCistoD意思是“A之于B犹如C之于D，what前后为物与物的比较，如果是数与数的比较，则用as连接，例如:Fouristotwelveasoneistothree。故此题D正确.7.Hehadnotimeandenergytoplaywithhischildrenorshopwithhiswife,buthe_homearegularsalary.A.didbringB.doesbringC.didgetD.doesget7.【答案】A。解析:考查强调和词义辨析。此题句意是：他没有时间陪他的孩子玩儿，也没有时间陪妻子购物，但是他会定期给家里钱。根据but可知前后时态应该一致，故排除B和D。根据句意可知应表示给家里钱，故A正确。8.Infact,theywouldratherhaveleftforLondon_inBirmingham.A.tostayB.inordertostayC.thanhavestayedD.insteadofhavingstayed8.【答案】C。解析:考查固定结构。此题句意是:事实上，他们宁愿已经去了伦敦而不是待在伯明翰。固定结构wouldratherdoAthandoB表示“宁愿做A也不愿做B”,故C正确。9._makesitpossibleforlanguageuserstoovercomethelimitationsoftimeandspaceincommunication.A.ArbitrarinessB.DualityC.ProductivityD.Displacement9.【答案】D。解析:考查语言本质特征。此题句意是：能够使语言的使用者在交流中克服时间和空间的局限性体现了语言的什么特征?displacement表示语言的位移性，是指人类语音可以让使用者在交际时用语言符号代表时间上和空间上不可及的物体、时间和观点。故D正确。10.Thesenserelationofthefollowingpairofsentencesisthat_.X:Maryspetcatwasstolen.Y:Marryhasapetcat.A.XentailsYB.XpresupposesYC.XisinconsistentwithYD.XissynonymouswithY10.【答案】B。解析:考查语义关系。此题句意为：句子X“玛丽的宠物猫被偷了。”和句子Y“玛丽有一只宠物猫”是什么关系?XpresupposesY表示“X预设Y”。由句意可知，Y为X的先决条件，故句子X和句子Y为预设关系。故此题B正确.11.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutalessonplanisinappropriate?A.Itisateachingguide.B.Itisablueprinttobestrictlyfollowed.C.Ittakesintoaccountsyllabusandstudents.D.Itdescribesinadvancewhatandhowtoteach.11.【答案】B。解析：考查教学设计。此题是问:下列关于教案的表述，哪个是不恰当的?A项意为“它是一项教学指导”，B项意为“它是一项必须严格遵照的计划”，C项意为“它需要考虑到教学大纲和学情”，D项意为它事先描述了要教什么和怎么教”。A、C、D项分别体现了教案的性质、要求和内容，但教案只是一份教学计划，在实际过程中全因为一些突发状况而随即进行调整的，所以B项说“需要严格遵照执行”是不准确的。故选B项。12.Skill-integratedactivitiesallowteacherstobuildinmore_intoalesson,fortherangeofactivitieswillbewider.A.certaintyB.simplicityC.varietyD.accuracy12.【答案】C。解析：此题是问：综合技能活动允许老师在课程中融入更多_，因为活动范围会更加广泛，A项意为“确定性”，B项意为“内容有效性”，C项意为“多样性”，D项意为“准确性”，从题干当中的integrated和wider等词可以判断出，只有使课堂活动更加多样，才会带来活动范围的扩大。故选C。13.Alanguageproficiencytestthatonlyconsistsofmultiple-choicequestionslacks_.A.constructvalidityB.contentvalidityC.testreliabilityD.scorereliability13.【答案】A。解析：此题是问：一个只有多项选择题的语言水平测试缺乏_。A项意为“结构高效性”，B项意为“内容有效性”，C项意为“测试信度”，D项意为“评分者信度”。以多项选择试题出现的结构，即使学生能拿高分，也不一定表明其能够自如运用这些语法结构知识进行书面表达或口头交际。也就是说，这一题型只能测试学生的语言输入能力，如听和读，而不能测试学生的语言输出能力，如说和写。因此，多项选择试题的结构效度在当前的测试理论之下的局限性突出。而其成为最普遍的测试手段的主要原因在于它较高的表面效度和信度，但真实并不是真正有效的。故选A。14.Whenateacherasksstudentstorearrangeasetofsentencesintoalogicalparagraph，he/sheistryingtodrawtheirattentionto_.A.grammarB.vocabularyC.sentencepatternsD.textualcoherence14.【答案】D。解斩：此题是问：当一名老师让学生将一组句子重新排列成一个有逻辑的段落，那么他/她是想让学生注意_。A项意为“语法”，B项意为“词汇”，C项意为“句型”，D项意为“结构连贯性”。既然老师是让学生重排成端，所以强调的是句子间的逻辑性，故选D。15.Whichofthefollowingactivitieswouldhelpstudentsdeveloptheskillofextractingspecificinformation?A.Inferringmeaningfromthecontext.B.Recognizingtheauthorsbeliefsandattitudes.C.Usinginformationinthereadingpassagetomakehypotheses.D.Listeningtotheflightinformationtoseeiftheplaneisontime.15.【答案】D。解析：此题是问：下列哪项活动可以帮助提高学生提炼具体信息的能力？A项意为“通过上下文推断含义”，B项意为“识别作者的看法和态度”，C项意为“利用阅读文章中的信息作出假设”，D项意为“听取航班信息判断飞机是否准时”。由此可知，A、B、C分别对应了含义推断题、态度推断题和细节推断题，侧重的都是对于学生判断能力的锻炼，因而只有D项是通过听力练习中对于细节信息的听取来训练学生对于细节信息的把握能力，故选D。16.Whichofthefollowingactivitiescanbeusedtocheckstudentsunderstandingofdifficultsentencesinthetext?A.Paraphrasing.B.Blank-filling.C.Story-telling.D.Summarizing.16.【答案】A。解析：此题是问：下列哪项活动可以被用来检查学生对于文章中难句的理解？A项意为释义，B项意为填空，C项意为“讲故事”，D项意为“总结”。如果想考查学生对于难句是否理解，可以通过让他们用自己的话进行重新解释来判断。其他几项只涉及到对具体信息或文章大的把握，故选A。17.Whenateacherorganizesgroupwork,whichofthefollowingmightbeoftheleastconcern?A.Increasingpeerinteraction.B.Increasingindividualpractice.C.Developinglanguageaccuracy.D.Providingvarietyanddynamics.17.【答案】C。解析：此题是问：当老师组织小组活动时，下列哪项可以最少关心?A项意为增加同伴间的互动，B项意为增加个人练习，C项意为“提高语言准确性”，D项意为“提供多样性和动力”。组织小组活动的目的一般是调动课堂兴趣，培养学生的参与、合作等能力，锻炼他们的实际语言运用能力。基于这样的目的，在小组活动中，老师可以适当忽略对于语言准确性的要求，故选C。18.Ifateacherasksstudentstocollect,compareandanalyzecertainsentencepatterns,he/sheaimsatdevelopingstudents_.A.discourseawarenessB.culturalawarenessC.strategiccompetenceD.linguisticcompetence18.【答案】D。解析：此题是问:如果老师让学生去收集、比较和分析某些句型，他/她旨在发展学生的_。A项意为“语篇意识”，B项意为“文化意识”，C项意为“交际能力”，D项意为“语言能力”。由题干可以看出，老师组织的活动主要是针对句型结构的，进一步而言实际体现的是对语言能力的训练，故选D。19.Whenateachersaystothewholeclass，Standupandactoutthedialogue，he/sheisplayingtheroleofa(n)_.A.monitorB.organizerC.assessorD.prompter19.【答案】B。解析:考查教师的角色。此题是问：当老师对全班同学说站边来，把这个对话表演出来，那么他/她扮演的角色是_.A项意为“调控者”，指老师对活动的进程进行把握，保证其开展的顺利高效；C顶意为“评价者”，指老师对学生的表现进行评价；D项意为“促进者”，指老师在学生不知道要做什么说什么时给予适当的提示。在该题中，老师让学生进行一项具体活动，体现了对于课堂活动的设计组织，所以扮演的是组织者的角色，故选B。20.Whichofthefollowingmaybettercheckstudentsabilityofusingagrammaticalstructure?A.Havingthemworkouttherule.B.Havingthemgivesomeexamples.C.Havingthemexplainthemeaning.D.Havingthemexplainthestructure.20.【答案】B。解析：考查语法技能教学。此题是问:下列哪一项可以更好地检测学生运用语法结构的能力?A项意为让他们找出规律，B项意为让他的给出一些例子，C项意为让他们解释含义，D项意为“让他们说明结构”。通过让学生给出一些相同语法结构的例句，可以更准确地判断出他们对于该语法结构的把握，故选B。请阅读Passage1，完成第21-25题.Passage1WhenaskedbyConanifhisdaughtershadsmartphones，comedianLouisCKexplainedthathehadsuccessfullyfendedthemoffbysimplyreplying.No,youcanthaveit.Itisbadforyou.HeinstantlybecamemyheroasIwasmiredindifficultnegotiationswithmyten-year-olddaughteroverone.Andfrankly，shewaswinning.Wasitpossibletosaynotomydaughter,asCKsuggested?IhadntevenknownIwasallowedto,iftheguineapigs,thedogs,andthingsforherdollMollywereanyindication.CKrationalized，Iamnotraisingthechildren.lmraisingthegrown-upsthattheyaregoingtobe.Sojustbecausetheotherstupidkidshavephonesdoesntmeanthatmykidhastobestupid.NowIknewIdidntwantmykidtogrowupstupidlikeherfriends.Ineededtoexplainthistoher.ThisiswhatCKtoldConanandme.Cellphonesaretoxic，especiallyforkids.hesaid，becausetheydonthelpthemlearnempathy，oneofthenicerhumanemotions.Whenwetext，we dontseeorhearavisceralreaction.Theresponsewegetiscoldandhardtext-message.Whyarekidsmean?Heasked.Becausetheyretryingitout.Theylookatanotherkidandsay，Yourefat.Thentheyseethekidsfacescrunchupandthinkthatdoesntfeelgood.”Textingyourefatallowsyoutobypassthepain.CKwentontoexplainthatsmartphonesrobusofourabilitytobealone.Kidsusesmartphonestooccupytheirtime:Musttext!Mustplaygame!MustlookupmoretinysocksonlineforMolly!CKasked,whathappenedtozoningout?Afterall，oneofthejoysofbeinghumanisallowingourmindstowanderwithcellphones，kidsarealwayspreoccupied.Theyneverdaydream，exceptinclass.Andheressomethingelseweremissing:ourrighttobemiserable.ThiswasarightIhadntrealizedIdesireduntilCKpointedoutthatitsanotheroftheessentialhumanemotions.CKgavetheexampleofdrivingbyyourselfandsuddenlyrealizingthatyourealone.NotOh,guessIcantusethelanealone.Dark,broodingsadnesscausessomanydriverstograbsmartphoneandreachouttoanotherlivingsoul.Everybodysmurderingeachotherwiththeircarsastheytextbecausetheydreadbeingalone.Toobad-theyremissingoutonalife-affirmingexperience.Iwasinmycaronetime，andBruceSpringsteensJunglelandcameon.Hesoundssofaraway.Itmademereallysad.AndIthink,lvegottogetthephoneandwritehito50people.Iwasreachingforthephone，andIthought，dont!Justbesad.SoCKpulledoverandallowedhimselftosoblikealittlegirldeniedanicethingforherAmericanGirldoll.Itwasbeautiful.Sadnessispoetic.Youreluckytolivesadmoments,hesaid.BecausehedidntfightandallowedhimselftobesadnessIwasgratefultofeelsad,andthenImetitwithtrueprofoundhappiness.Thethingis,becausewedontwantthatfirstbitofsad，wepushitawaywiththatlittlephone.Soyouneverfeelcompletelysadorcompletelyhappy.Youjustfeelkindofsatisfied.Andthenyoudie.ThatswhyIdontwanttogetphonesformykids.AndIsupposeIdonteither.21.WhydidtheauthorregardCKasherhero?A.CKwasagoodfatherandaverybravecomedianinhereyes.B.CKdidntagreetobuysmartphonesforhisyoungdaughters.C.Shewasveryimpressedbyhissolutiontothesmartphoneproblem.D.Shewasencouragedbyhimnottomakeanycompromisestoherdaughter.22.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordoneinPARAGRAPHTWOreferto?A.Adog.B.Adoll.C.Aguineapig.D.Asmartphone.23.WhydidCKrefusetobuyhiskidscellphones?A.Hedidntlikecellphonesatallandthoughttheywerepoisonous,especially,forkids.B.Hebelievedthatcellphoneswereruiningkidsabilitiestoexperiencetheirownlives.C.Heworriedthathiskidswouldplaytheirphonesinclassandbeabsent-minded.D.Hewasadifferentkindoffatherwhowouldliketoraisehiskidsinadifferentway.24.WhichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedphrasezoningoutinPARAGRAPHFOUR?A.Losingconcentration.B.Beingalone.C.Buyingthingsonline.D.Playinggames.25.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothearticle?A.Textmessageshaveallowedchildrentolearnandfeelempathy.B.Cellphoneshavemadechildrenslifeatschoolcolorfulandexciting.C.Experiencinglonelinessorsadnessisasbeneficialasenjoyinghappiness.D.Cellphonesmayofferpeoplethequickestwaytofindsomeonetotalkto.【答案解析】21.【答案】C。解析：考查细节理解。通过阅读文章中第一及第二段，可知作者认为CK是她的英雄，因为CK在对孩子是否可以使用智能手机这个问题的时候知道如何处理，因此作者对他的处理方法印象深刻。故本题的正确答案为C。22.【答案】A。解析：考查细节理解。根据文章中第二段可知，CK是作者的英雄，因为CK在对孩子是否可以使用智能手机这个问题的时候知道如何处理，但是当作者面对同样的问题时，她却没有处理好这个问题，最终给自己的女儿买了智能手机。故本题的正确答案为A。23.【答案】A。解析：考查细节理解。根据文章第三段第一句话，得知手机是有毒的，特别是对孩子而言，可知A选项正确。24.【答案】A。解析：考查词义理解。根据文章第四段，可知手机剥夺了独立的能力。因为智能手机已占据了孩子们所有的时间。CK问道:Whathappenedtozoningout?，后面给出了答案，有一个关键词wander游离，走神，可推测zoningout应该是相wander一样的意思，故本题选A。25.【答案】C。解析：考查细节理解。根据文章中第三段，可知A选项错误；通过阅读整篇文章，可得知孩子们玩智能手机对他们有很多不利，故B选项错误；C选项表明经历孤独寂寞和悲伤有益于享受快乐，可根据文章的第七、八段得出答案；D选项说明手机也是找人谈话的最快的方式，文章中并没有出现，D选项错误，故本题的正确答案为C。请阅读Passage2，完成第26-30题.Passage2人谈话的最快的方式，文章中并没有出现，D选项错误，故本题的正确答案为C。请阅读Passage2，完成第26-30题.Passage2Untiladecadeortwoago，thecenterofmanyWesterncitieswereemptyingwhiletheiredgeswerespreading.Thiswasnotforthereasonsnormallycited.Neitherthecarnorthemotorwaycausedsuburbansprawl,althoughtheyspenditup:citieswerespreadingbeforeeithercamealong.Norwastheflighttothesuburbscausedbyracism.Whitesfledinner-cityneighborhoodsthatwerebecomingblack,buttheyalsofledonesthatwerenot.Planningandzoningrulesencouragedsprawl,asdidtaxbreaksforhomeownership-butcitiesspreadregardlessofthese.Therealcausewasmassaffluence.Aspeoplegrewricher，theydemandedmoreprivacyandspace.Onlyafewcouldaffordthatincitycenters;therestmovedout.Thesameprocessisnowoccurringinthedevelopingworld，butmuchmorequickly.ThepopulationdensityofmetropolitanBeijinghascollapsedsince1970，fallingfrom425peopleper hectareto65.Indiancitiesarefollowing;Brazilsareahead.Andsuburbanizationhasalongwaytorun.BeijingisnowaboutascrowdedasmetropolitanChicagowasatitsmostcloselypacked，inthe1920s.SincethenChicagosdensityhasfallenbyalmostthree-quarters.Thisiswelcome.Romanticnotionsofsociable，high-densityliving-notionspushed，forthemostpart，bypeoplewhothemselvesoccupyratherspaciousresidences-ignorethesqualorandlackofprivacytobefoundinKinshasa,Mumbaiortheothercrowdedcitiesofthepoorworld.Manyofthemarefartoodensefordignifiedliving,andneedtospreadout.TheWesternsuburbstowhichsomanyaspirearehealthierthantheirdetractorssay.ThemodernStepfordsarenolongerwhitemonocultures，butthatisprogress.ForeveryFergusontherearemanyAmericansuburbsthathavequietlybecomeblack，HispanicorAsian，orablendofeveryone.PicaresqueaccountsofdecayoverlookthefactthatAmericassuburbsarehalfascriminalandalittlemorethanhalfaspoorascentralcities.Evenasurbancentresrevive，moreAmericansmovefromcitycentretosuburbthangotheotherway.ButtheWesthasalsomademistakes，fromwhichtherestoftheworldcanlearn.Thefirstlessonisthatsuburbansprawlimposescostsoneveryone.Suburbanitestendtousemoreroadsandconsumemorecarbonthanurbanites(thoughperhapsnotasmuchasdistantcommutersforcedoutbygreenbelts).Butthisdamagecanbealleviatedbyacarbontax，bytollroadsandbychargingforparking.ManycitiesintheemergingworldhavefollowedthebarmyAmericanpracticeofrequiringpropertydeveloperstoprovideacertainnumberofparkingspacesforeverybuilding-somethingthatmakescommutingbycarmuchmoreattractivethanitwouldbeotherwise.Scrappingthemwouldgivepublictransportachance.Thesecondisthatitisfoolishtotrytostopthespreadofsuburbs.Greenbelts,themosteffectivemethodfordoingthis，pushuppropertypricesandencouragelong-distancecommuting.ThecostofhousinginLondon,alreadyastronomical，wentupby19%inthepastyear，reflectingnotjustthecitysstrongeconomybutalsotheimpossibilityofbuildingonitsedges.TheinsistenceonbigminimumlotsizesinsomeAmericansuburbsandruralareashasmuchthesameeffect.Citiesthattrytopreventgrowththroughgreenbeltsoftenendupweakeningthemselves,asSeoulhasdone.Awiserpolicywouldbetoplanforhugeexpansion.Acquirestripsoflandforroadsandrailways,andchunksforparks，beforethecitysprawlsintothem.NewYorks19th-century governorsdecidedwhereCentralParkwasgoingtogolongbeforethecityreachedit.NewYorkwentontodevelopinawaythattheycouldnothaveimagined,buttheparkisstillthere.Thisisnotthedirigismeofthenew-townplanner-thatconfidentsoulwhobelievesheknowswherepeoplewillwanttoliveandwork，andhowtheywillgetfromonetotheother.Itistherealismneededtomanagetheinevitable.AmodeloflivingthathasbroadlyworkedwellintheWestisspreading,adaptingtolocalconditionsasitgoes.WeshouldalllookforwardtothetimewhenChineseandIndianteenagerswritesulkysongsabouttheappallingdullnessofsuburbia.26.Forwhichofthefollowingreasonsdidthewestmoveoutofcities?A.Theydidnotneedtopayhighertaxeswhenlivinginsuburbs.B.Carindustryrapidlydevelopedandmotorwaysswiftlyemerged.C.Theydiscriminatedagainsttheblackpeoplelivingincitycenters.D.Therichertheygrew,themoredemandtheyhadonprivacyanapace.27.WhichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedworddetractorsinPARAGRAPHFOUR?A.UrbanitesB.ProponentsC.OpponentsD.Suburbanites28.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordtheminPARAGRAPHFIVEreferto?A.ParkingspacesB.GreenbeltsC.DistantcommutersD.Propertydevelopers29.Whichofthefollowingbestreflectstheauthorsviewofsuburbanization?A.MeasuresshouldbetakentopreventthegrowthofsuburbsB.TheexpansionofsuburbanareasshouldbeplannedinadvanceC.The