2014高考语法短文改错分类解析-从句及并列连词.doc

高考英语语法：短文改错分类解析-从句及并列连词高考英语短文改错考点类析从句一、考点规律分析短文改错对从句引导词的考查主要涉及根据句意正确选用引导词、引导词的误加与漏用、将不是从句的东西误认为是从句而误加引导词等。二、真题单句归纳(1) In the last five years that theyve climbed churches, high buildings and television towers. (去掉 that，因此处的 in the last five years 为时间状语，其后无需用that) (全国卷)(2) Charles said, “As soon I see a really tall building, I want to climb it.（I 前加 as，因为 as soon as 为引导时间状语从句的引导词）(全国卷)(3) Most people can quickly get help from a doctor or go to a hospital since they are ill. (since 改为 when / if / whenever。从句意上看此处用 since 讲不通，改为 if / when / whenever 均可) (全国卷)(4) However, there are still some countries there people have shorter lives. (there 改为 where，where 在此引导定语从句) (全国卷)(5) in other places where you are limited to a certain number, of which some may be novels. (去掉 where，in other places 在此为地点状语) (全国卷)(6) in other places you are limited to a certain number, of that some may be novels. (that 改为 which，因介词后要用 which 来引导定语从句) (全国卷)(7) and whether you pay the cost of sending a postcard, the librarian will write to you. (whether 改为 if，表示“如果”时，不能用 whether) (全国卷)(8) I also enjoyed the evenings when we spent together. (去掉 when 或将 when 改为 that，因这里的定语从句中谓语动词(spent)缺宾语，故只能用关系代词 that或将其省略) (全国卷)(9) I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China. (where 改为 which，因此处要填关系代词作主语) (全国卷)(10) but it didnt matter that I would win or not. (that 改为 whether，whether 与 or not 搭配，表示“是否”) (全国卷)(11) I felt so nervous as I shook like a leaf. (as 改为 that，sothat为固定句式，其中的 that 引导结果状语从句) (全国卷)(12) In one class, I learned it rained. (it 前加why，why 在此表原因) (北京春季卷)(13) For example, when he bought a chocolate cake, he put it in a secret place where I couldnt find. (where 改为that / which，或去掉 where，I couldnt find 为修饰 place 的定语从句，其前用关系代词，也可省略) (北京春季卷)(14) It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain. (we 前加 when，时间状语从句缺少连词引导) (全国卷)(15) Besides, I have few friends, I dont know that they dont like to talk with me. (that 改为 why，why 引导宾语从句，表示原因) (年全国卷)(16) I have a good friend whos name is Liu Mei. (whos 改为 whose，因whos=who is，不仅结构错误，而且意思也不通；whose 引导定语从句，表示“的”) (福建卷)(17) It has been five years when we graduated, but those memories are as sweet as ever before. (when 改为 since，It is / has been +时间段+since(谓语动词是短暂性动词)是固定句型，意为“自以来有多久了”) (天津卷)三、模拟单句演练(1) He is the man his car was stolen.(2) Thats the hotel which we were staying last summer.(3) Thats the palace where we visited last summer.(4) I suddenly woke up in mid-night. And it was a long time I got to sleep again.(5) In the past few years when weve planted thousands of trees along the river.(6) At the airport where all the baggage must be examined.(7) He wrote me a letter and asked I was getting on.(8) She stayed in France for 10 years. Thats she spoke French so well.(9) Its really a beautiful place, where everyone hopes to visit.(10) It cost nothing. Anyone can get it unless he likes it.【参考答案】(1) his 改为 whose，whose 在此引导定语从句。(2) which 改为 where，where引导定语从句且在从句中用作状语；此题还可在staying后加in。(3) where 改为 which / that，也可去掉 where，因visit为及物动词，此处应用关系代词作其宾语（也可省略）。(4)第二个 I 前加 before，此句意为“过了好久我才又睡着”。(5) 去掉 when，否则全句没有主语。(6) 去掉 where，否则全句没有主语。(7) asked 后加 how，否则句意不通。(8) Thats 后加 why，否则句意不通。(9) where 改为 which，which 在此引导非限定性定语从句，且在从句中用作宾语(用作 visit 的宾语)。(10) unless 改为 if，否则句意不通。高考英语短文改错考点类析并列连词一、考点规律分析短文改错对并列连词的考查主要涉及and, but, or, so 等几个表示并列、转折、选择、因果等关系的词语。严格说来，这类错误主要属于行文逻辑的错误。二、真题单句归纳(1) We tried to fix it and there was nothing we could do. (and 改为 but，因此处语意转折) (全国卷)(2) I told Mother, Father, Sister, all my friends here what a great time I had. (all 前加 and，表示并列关系) (全国卷)(3) It is a very important exam but I cant afford to fail it. (but 改为 and / so，此处表因果关系，并非转折关系) (北京春季卷)(4) She was smiling but nodding at me. (but 改为 and，因此处并无转折之意) (全国卷)(5) It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest. (and 改为 or，a visitor 和 a guest 应是选择关系，意思是“好像我的父母亲把我当作一个来访者或一个客人”)(6) The food was expensive and the service was good. (and 改为 but，此处意义发生转折) (全国卷)(7) Im the captain of our school team so with my fellow players weve won several games. (so 改为 and，表并列关系) (安徽春季卷)(8) My grandma was the best cook in the world but could make the most delicious dishes.(but 改为and，此处表示并列，而不是转折) (江苏卷)(9) So once youve started collecting seriously, you (So 改为 But，因为前后是转折关系) (年浙江卷)(10) Clever as she is, but she works very hard. (去掉but，因前面已有引导让步状语从句的连词 as(=though 虽然)，千万不要受汉语句式“虽然但是”的影响，而重复用连词) (福建卷)(11) I teach them, play with them, but watch them growing up.(but 改为and，因为 teach / play 与 watch 是并列关系，而不是转折关系) (湖北卷)三、模拟单句演练(1) Do you want a bath at once, and shall I have mine first?(2) Are you going to clean your car before and after supper?(3) Hurry up, and youll be late for school.(4) She never said she was rich, and she was.(5) Mr Smith worked very hard so without any success.(6) Everyone as