高考英语大题精做06完形填空记叙文含解析新人教版.docx

完形填空记叙文完形填空是语言知识运用的第一节，共20小题，每小题1.5分。在一篇约250词的短文中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题所给的4个选项中选出最佳选项，使补全后的短文意思通顺,前后连贯,结构完整。全国卷对完形填空的考查，近几年来一直以记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主，以说明文和议论文为辅，2016年全国卷和全国卷的完形填空就选用了记叙文，全国卷采用了夹叙夹议文。从选材到试题的设置都呈现出稳中有变的特点：1. 题材相对稳定：文章的选材都是中学生熟悉的话题，能够传递正能量，弘扬社会主义核心价值观，读后 能给考生带来心灵的启迪。且文章大多原汁原味，语言地道，注重思想性和教育性，具有积极的教育意 义，体现出了课程标准中对培养学生的情感、态度和价值观的要求。2. 文章短小精悍：完形填空的文章长度一般为250词左右，结构完整，脉络清晰，难度适中，全文设置20 个空格，要求考生根据文章的整体内容，从层次结构和上下文的逻辑关系方面选择符合文章情节的选项， 很少涉及纯语法知识试题。3. 稳定中有变化：近几年高考完形填空在选项的设置上，打破了传统的四个选项类别一致的命题规律。如 2015年全国卷的第44题的四个选项中，有两个以-ly结尾的副词，另外两个副词为outside和by；2016 年全国卷的第52题的四个选项中设置了三个形容词和一个副词，第47题和第54题的四个选项均由两 个动词及两个动词词组构成，第59题把两个动词及两个介词短语设置为一组选项。此外，2016年增加了 对代词的考查，考生备考时需要注意。近三年新课标卷完形填空考查情况统计表：试卷类型年份文章体裁词数文章话题、内容考查类型名/代词动词形容词副词连词介词卷I2014年议论文251通过举例说明这样一个道理:各种形式的活动,如果人们经常做,都会产生厌倦情绪。9443002015年记叙文251讲述了在周末作者带孩子们去超市，在路上看到一个需要帮助的人。在超市里作者和孩子买了许多东西给这个需要帮助的人，从此以后作者和孩子帮助更多需要帮助的人。5833102016年记叙文253讲述了司机Larry在路上遇到着火的汽车，积极救人的故事。5831212017年记叙文266作者在大学期间学习手语的经历。5104100卷II2014年记叙文263讲述了英国登山家Joe Simpson和同伴攀登安第斯山脉时遇到了困难，最终还是成功地活了下来的故事。484312015年夹叙夹议文217 通过讲述女儿参加足球比赛的经历告诉大家，亲身经历就是最好的学习方式。6733102016年夹叙夹议文262作者通过自身的经历总结出，电话中的感受有时与现实生活中的感受不一致，因为像微笑这样无声的信号无法通过电话传播。4654032017年记叙文266作者的一个学生Freddy的故事。893卷III2016年记叙文276讲述作者通过刻苦训练，最终实现了成为足球队明星球员的目标。7552102017年记叙文271一个加拿大青年在和女朋友分手后，希望免费赠送自己为女朋友购买的环球航空旅行机票的故事794【应是策略】在记叙文类完形填空的解题过程中，除了需要具备扎实的语言知识之外，还需要一套过硬的解题方法和技巧，很明显，如果掌握了正确的解题思路，就会起到事半功倍的效果，从而大幅度提高正确率。1.重视首句，开篇明义。从历年的试题可以看出，完形填空首句一般不设题。这为我们理解文章的内在联系提供了一个窗口，它的句意往往为全文提供中心信息。所以应充分重视首句的指示作用，利用它为解题找到一个突破口，据此拓展思维，争取开局胜利。2.利用语境，揣摩心态。高考完形填空题逐渐摒弃语法分析，朝着深层化和语境化的方面挖掘，因此考生只有借助上下文乃至全文语境启示或限定，揣摩作者的心情，以及他对各个角色、各个事件的态度。在答题过程中，除了对关联用语的把握外，还要把握语气、动作等的描写。3. 瞻前顾后在完形填空的解题过程中，从空格前面的相关语句中寻找解题依据的方法通常被称为“瞻前法”；所谓“顾后”，是指在做完形填空时参考空后的有关信息来解题。4.理清线索，把握方向。记叙文一般按事件发展顺序叙述，有时用倒叙。答题时，通过理清人物间的关系，把握人物各自所做的事情，从而把握细节，找准作者的记叙方向，正确理解文章。Cloze 1（2017新课标卷I）体裁文章话题词数建议时间难度自测正确率记叙文学习手语的经历26617分钟While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this 41 process and found something that has changed my 42 at college for the better: I discovered ASL American Sign Language(美式手语).I never felt an urge to 43 any sign language before. My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends. The 44 languages were enough in all my interactions(交往). Little did I know that I would discover my 45 for ASL.The 46 began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club 47 their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very 48 of communicating without speaking 49 me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the 50 . This newness just left me _51_ more.After that, feeling the need to 52 further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL clubs meetings. I only learned how to 53 the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my 54 progress, I was excited. I then made it a point to 55 those meetings and learn all I could.The following term, I 56 an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was 57 . I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 58 , if there had been any talking, it would have 59 us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the 60 way of communication it opens.41. A. searching B. planning C. natural D. formal42. A. progressB. experienceC. majorD. opinion43. A. chooseB. readC. learnD. create44. A. officialB. foreignC. bodyD. spoken45. A. loveB. concernC. goalD. request46. A. meetingB. tripC. storyD. task47. A. recordedB. performedC. recitedD. discussed48. A. ideaB. amountC. dreamD. reason49. A. disturbedB. supportedC. embarrassedD. attracted50. A. endB. pastC. courseD. distance51. A. showingB. actingC. sayingD. wanting52. A. exerciseB. exploreC. expressD. explain53. A. printB. write C. signD. count54. A. slowB. steadyC. normalD. obvious55. A. chairB. sponsorC. attendD. organize56. A. missedB. passedC. gave up D. registered for57. A. prohibitedB. welcomedC. ignoredD. repeated58. A. Lastly B. ThusC. InsteadD. However59. A. requiredB. causedC. allowedD. expected60. A. easyB. popularC. quickD. new41.A 考查形容词辨析。searching寻找的，探索的；planning计划的；natural自然的；formal正式的。句意：我自己经历了这个探索的过程。根据前文While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration可知大学为探索提供了舞台，所以这里指的是作者探索的过程。故选A。42.B 考查名词辨析。progress进步；experience经历；major主修科目；opinion观点。句意：我发现有些东西改变了我的大学生活经历。故选B。43.C 考查动词辨析。choose选择；read看，读；learn学习；create创造。句意：我以前从没有过学习手语的冲动。故选C。44.D 考查形容词辨析。official官方的；foreign外国的；body肢体的；spoken口语的。根据前文My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends.可知作者的家人及朋友都可以听得到，因此作者认为在平时的交流中，口语就足够了。spoken language口语。故选D。45.A 考查名词辨析。love热爱；concern关心，顾虑；goal目标；request请求。句意：我没想过我会发现自己对美式手语的热爱。前文中I never felt an urge to 43 any sign language before表明作者以前从未想过学习手语，而根据后文内容可知作者非常喜欢手语。故选A。46.C 考查名词辨析。meeting会议；trip旅行；story故事；task任务。句意：故事发生在我上大学的第一周。 分析语境可知在这里作者开始讲述在大学学习手语的事情，故选C。47.B 考查动词辨析。record记录；perform表现，表演；recite背诵；discuss讨论。句意：我观看他们在ASL俱乐部表演一首歌的翻译。分析语境可知ASL 俱乐部是手语俱乐部，因此他们应该是在用手语表演一首歌。故选B。48. A 考查名词辨析。idea想法；amount数量；dream梦想；reason原因。句意：手的动作和不用语言进行交流的想法吸引了我。分析语境可知作者当时在看手语表演，而手语就是为了帮助人们交流而设计的手势。故选A。51.D 考查动词辨析。show展示；act行动； say说；want想要。句意：这种新奇的感觉使我想了解更多。分析语境可知作者被手语吸引，想要进一步了解手语，所以也有了后文中的参加手语俱乐部的会议，上手语课的经历。故选D。52.B 考查动词辨析。exercise锻炼；explore探索；express表达；explain解释。句意：在那之后，我感觉到想要探索更多(关于手语的东西)，于是我决定参加ASL 俱乐部的一次会议。故选B。53.C 考查动词辨析。print打印；write写；sign签名，打手语；count数。句意：那天我只学会了打字母表的手语。分析语境可知作者第一次参加手语俱乐部的会议，学会的应该是最基本的打字母表的手语。故选C。54.A 考查形容词辨析。slow缓慢的；steady平稳的；normal正常的；obvious明显的。句意：我并没有因为自己进步缓慢而沮丧，相反我很兴奋。因为作者只学会了打字母表的手语，所以进步是很慢的。故选A。55.C 考查动词辨析。chair主持，使入座；sponsor赞助；attend参加；organize组织。句意：之后我下定决心参加俱乐部所有的会议，学习我能学习的一切。attend a meeting参加会议。故选C。56.D 考查动词辨析。miss错过，想念；pass通过；give up放弃；register for报名，注册。句意：接下来的一个学期，我报名上了一个手语班。故选D。57.A 考查动词辨析。prohibit禁止；welcome欢迎；ignore忽视；repeat重复。句意：教授的耳朵听不见，任何口语交流都是禁止的。根据后文if there had been any talking可知在课堂上禁止用口语交流。故选A。58.C 考查副词辨析。lastly最后，终于；thus因此，如此；instead反而，相反地；however然而。句意：反而，如果当时有口语交流，那只会造成我们学的手语更少。根据前文I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.可知作者很快意识到安静并不是令人不愉快的，反而有口语交流会影响他们学习手语。故选C。Cloze 2（2017新课标卷II）体裁文章话题词数建议时间难度自测正确率记叙文既有趣又有同情心学生Freddy26617分钟In1973,I was teaching elementary school. Each day,27kids 41 The Thinking Laboratory. That was the 42 students voted for after deciding that Room 104 was too 43 .Freddy was an average 44 ,but not an average person .He had the rare balance of fun and compassion（同情）.He would 45 the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyones 46 .Before the school year 47 ,I gave the kids a special 48 , T-shirts with the words Verbs Are Your 49 on them. I had advised the kids that while verbs（动词）may seem dull ,most of the 50 things they do throughout their lives will be verbs.Through the years, Id run into former students who would provide 51 on old classmates. I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his 52 from high school and remained the same 53 person I met forty years before .Once, while working overnight at a store, he let a homeless man 54 in his truck. Another time ,he 55 a friend money to buy a house .Just last year, I was 56 a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. A woman 57 the interruption and handed me an envelope. I stopped teaching and 58 it up. Inside were the Verbs shirt and a 59 from Freddys mother. Freddy passed away on Thanksgiving. He wanted you to have this.I told the story to the class. As sad as it was, I couldnt help smiling. Although Freddy was taken from us, we all 60 something from Freddy.41. A. builtB. enteredC. decoratedD. ran42. A. name B. rule C. brand D. plan43. A. small B. dark C. strange D. dull44. A. scholar B. student C. citizen D. worker45. A. speak B. sing C. question D. laugh46. A. misfortune B. disbelief C. dishonesty D. mistake47. A. changed B. approached C. returned D. ended48.A.lesson B. gift C. report D. message49. A. Friends B. Awards C. Masters D. Tasks50. A. simple B. unique C. fun D. clever51. A. assessments B. comments C. instructions D. updates52. A. graduation B. retirement C. separation D. resignation53. A. daring B. modest C. caring D. smart54. A. wait B. sleep C. study D. live55. A. paid B. charged C. lent D. owed56. A. observing B. preparing C. designing D. conducting57. A. regretted B. avoided C. excused D. ignored58. A. opened B. packed C. gave D. held59. A. picture B. bill C. note D. diary60. A. chose B. took C. expected D. borrowed41.B 考查动词词义辨析，A. built 建造， B. entered 进入， C. decorated 装饰， D. ran跑步。每天，27个孩子都会进入思想实验室，故选B。42.A 考查名词词义辨析，A. name名字， B. rule规则，C. brand品牌， D. plan计划。 思想实验室这个名字是同学们投票得来的，故选A。43.D 考查形容词词义辨析，A. small小的，B. dark 黑的， C. strange 奇怪的， D. dull无聊的，由后文可知，同学们是因为104室这个名字太无聊才把名字改为思想实验室的，故选D。44.B 考查名词词义辨析，A. scholar学者， B. student学生， C. citizen市民， D. worker工人，通读全文可知Freddy是作者的一名学生，故选B。45.D 考查动词词义辨析，A. speak 说， B. sing 唱歌， C. question质问， D. laugh大笑。对于好玩的事情，他会笑得最大声，故选D。46.A 考查名词词义辨析，A. misfortune不幸， B. disbelief怀疑，C. dishonesty不诚实， D. mistake错误，根据前句：Freddy在有趣和富有同情心之间可以做到罕见的平衡，所以对于任何人的不幸，他会很悲伤，故选A。47.D 考查动词词义辨析，A. changed 改变， B. approached接近， C. returned返回，D. ended结束。在学期结束之前，我 故选D。48.B 考查名词词义辨析，A.lesson课，教训， B.gift礼物， C.report 报告，D.message信息，根据后文可知作者送给Freddy一件衬衫，即一个特殊的礼物，故选B。49.A 考查名词词义辨析，A.Friends 朋友，B.Awards奖， C.Masters 主人，D.Tasks任务。衬衫上写着动词是你的朋友，故选A。50.C 考查形容词词义辨析，A.simple 简单的，B.unique独特的， C. fun 有趣的，D.clever聪明的。 尽管动词也许看起来很无聊，但人们的一生当中做的大部分有趣之事都将是动词，无聊与有趣相对，故选C。53.C 考查形容词词义辨析，A.daring勇敢的， B.modest 谦虚的，C.caring贴心的， D.smart聪明的。他让无家可归的人睡在了他的卡车上，可知他仍然是很爱关照人的，贴心的，故选C。54.B 考查动词词义辨析，A.wait等待，B.sleep 睡觉， C.study 学习， D.live居住。他让一位无家可归的人睡在他的卡车上，故选B。55.C 考查动词词义辨析，A.paid ，支付，B.charged 索要， C.lent 借出， D.owed欠。还有一次，他借钱给朋友，让朋友买到房，故选C。56.D 考查动词词义辨析，A.observing观察， B.preparing 准备，C. designing设计， D.conducting组织，实施，执行。我正在班级里组织一个专题研讨会的时候，突然有人敲门，故选D。57.C 考查动词词义辨析，A.regretted 后悔，遗憾， B.avoided避免，C.excused原谅，宽恕， D.ignored忽视。因为当时正在上课，所以这名女子为自己的打断行为要求得到原谅，故选C。58.A 考查动词词义辨析，A.opened打开，B.packed打包， C.gave给予， D.held握住。我停止教学，打开信封，故选A。Cloze 3（2017新课标卷III）体裁文章话题词数建议时间难度自测正确率记叙文年轻人无私的精神27118分钟ATorontomanisofferingafreeround-the-worldairticket totherightwoman.But 41 apply.You must benamedElizabethGallagherandhaveaCanadian 42 .Jordan Axani, 28, said he and his then girlfriend, Elizabeth Gallagher, booked heavily discounted round-the-world air tickets in May, but their 43 ended and he did not want her ticket to 44 . The ticket had a strict no-transfer（不可转让） 45 , but since passport information was not required when 46 , any Canadian Elizabeth Gallagher can 47 it. I just want to see the ticket go to good use and for someone to 48 a lot of joy, said Axani. He posted his 49 on a social networking website, and received thousands of e-mails, including thirty from actual Elizabeth Gallaghers with the 50 passports. More 51 , there are hundreds of Canadians who are interested in 52 their name to Elizabeth Gallagher, Axani said. It was absolutely out of 53 , thousands of e-mails, people around the world 54 their stories of travel.Axani wrote in his post that he is not 55 anything in return and that the woman who uses the 56 ticket can choose to either travel with him or 57 the ticket and travel on her own.The 58 is scheduled to start on December 21 in New York City and continue on to Milan, Prague, Paris, Bangkok and New Delhi before 59 in Toronto on January 8. He said the 60 woman will be announced on the website and the trip will be shared online.41. A. benefitsB. depositsC. restrictionsD. examinations42. A. originB. passportC. accentD. friend43. A. holidayB. marriageC. dreamD. relationship44. A. go to wasteB. come to mindC. go on saleD. come into effect 45. A. policyB. orderC. paymentD. schedule46. A. applyingB. bookingC. checkingD. bargaining47. A. useB. borrowC. chooseD. buy48. A. sacrificeB. expressC. experienceD. provide49. A. answerB. adviceC. offerD. comment50. A. sameB. rightC. newD. real51. A. interesting B. annoying C. satisfying D. convincing52. A. writing B. giving C. lending D. changing53. A. touch B. question C. date D. control54. A. admiring B. advertising C. sharing D. doubting55. A. leaving B. looking for C. losing D. dealing with 56. A. single B. strange C. regular D. extra57. A. return B. take C. reserve D. hide58. A. interview B. program C. trip D. meeting59. A. ending B. calling C. repeating D. staying60. A. honored B. lovely C. intelligent D. lucky42.B 考查名词。A. origin 来源；B. passport护照；C. accent口音；D. friend朋友。根据第三段中的including thirty from actual Elizabeth Gallaghers with the 50 passports可知，申请人需要有加拿大的护照。故选B。43.D 考查名词。A. holiday假期；B. marriage婚姻；C. dream梦想；D. relationship关系。根据下文Jordan Axani转让机票可知他和女朋友关系结束了。44.A 考查动词短语。A. go to waste浪费；B. come to mind想到；C. go on sale开始销售；D. come into e ffect 开始生效。根据下文I just want to see the ticket go to good use and for someone to 48 a lot of joy可知他之所以想把票赠送给同名的人，目的是不想浪费掉机票。故选A。45.A 考查名词。A. policy政策；B. order命令；C. payment付款；D. schedule 计划，时间表。机票都是实名制，而且不可以转让，根据常识和语境可知这是一种政策。故选A。46.B 考查动词。A. applying申请；B. booking预订；C. checking核实；D. bargaining讨价还价。虽然机票不可转让，但是在预订的时候不需要护照的具体信息，因此在预订后这张机票可以给姓名相同的人使用。故选B。47.A 考查动词。A. use使用；B. borrow借用；C. choose选择；D. buy 购买。根据上文的介绍可知，因为护照信息没有登记，所以任何一个名叫Elizabeth Gallagher，而且拥有加拿大护照的人都可以用这张机票。48.C 考查动词。A. sacrifice牺牲；B. express表达；C. experience经历；D. provide提供。人们如果能免费环球旅行，当然会享受到很多的乐趣。49.C 考查名词。A. answer答案；B. advice建议；C. offer提议；D. comment评论。根据上文可知Jordan Axani在社交网站上贴出的是自己的提议，即免费赠送机票。50.B 考查形容词。A. same同样的；B. right正确的；C. new新的；D. real真的。根据空前的actual Elizabeth Gallaghers 以及文章首段对申请这张免费机票的要求可知，这里是指申请者中包括30位同名且拥有正确护照的人。53.D 考查名词。A. touch触动；B. question问题；C. date日期；D. control控制。根据后句内容可知，世界上的很多人都知道这件事，如果允许人们改名字的话，那么事情就会无法控制。54.C 考查动词。A. admiring羡慕；B. advertising 广告；C. sharing分享；D. doubting怀疑。根据上文可知Jordan Axani收到了数千封邮件，所以很多人都分享他们的旅行故事。55.B 考查动词。A. leaving 离开；B. looking for 寻找；C. losing失去；D. dealing with 对付。根据文章首段的首句可知Jordan Axani是免费送给别人他多余的票，而不求回报。58.C 考查名词。A. interview采访；B. program项目；C. trip旅行；D. meeting会面。根据第三段末句their stories of travel可知，Jordan Axani是在赠送环球旅行的飞机票。59.A 考查动词。A. ending结尾；B. calling 打电话；C. repeating 重复；D. staying停留。根据句意可知旅行是December 21从纽约出发，途经米兰、布拉格等多个城市，最后到达多伦多，结束旅行。60.D 考查形容词。A. honored 感到光荣的；B. lovely可爱的；C. intelligent聪明的；D. lucky幸运的。文章介绍了Jordan Axani免费赠送环球旅行的机票的故事，所以能选上的人是幸运的人。模拟精做Cloze 1(河北省石家庄市第二中学2017届高三下学期模拟)体裁文章话题词数建议时间难度自测正确率记叙文小提琴演奏者Fritz Kreisler 的故事31417分钟Life is to be lived. No excuses. No reservations (保留). No holding back.A story about the violinist Fritz Kreisler tells how he once 1 a beautiful instrument he wanted to acquire. When he 2 raised the money for the violin, he returned to 3 it and learned that it had already been sold to a(n) 4 .He went to the new owners home in order to try to 5 him to sell the violin. 6 , the collector said it was one of his prized possessions and he could not let it go. Kreisler felt 7 and turned to leave, but then asked a favor, May I play the instrument once more _ 8 _ it is put away? 9 was given and the great musician began to play. The 10 sang out a quality of music which was so beautiful that the collector himself could only listen in 11 . I have no 12 to keep that to myself, he said after the musician finished. The violin is yours, Mr. Kreisler. Take it into world, and let people 13 it.You and I are excellent violins-our 14 is meant to be heard.I want to live my 15 that way-to take it into the world and live it fully. Id rather burn out than rust out. Id rather be 16 than die not having done whatever I could.Im not talking about 17 ourselves by doing too much. Happiness is never found in overmuch busyness. But it is found in investing our lives in others. S