大学英语泛读试题及答案.doc

大学英语泛读期末考试试题及答案1 ( 1 ) (1 )Georges case is not unique. In the last fifteen or twenty years, quite a number of men and women have chosen to drop out of the working world to try a different kind of life. Most of them are in their thirties and forties, often well educated, although all ages and backgrounds can be found among them. A variety of reasons have led them to give up their work and the security it provided.Some, like George, have given up a career that was demanding too much from them. Others couldnt stand the pressure and the competition. A thirty-five-year-old woman, who had a high position in her company, decided to leave when she found herself suffering from allergies that made her life miserable. She had two children and no savings; but even her anxiety about the future couldnt spoil her feeling of relief and her new peace of mind. Her health improved. She may never work again; if she does, she says that she will take small temporary jobs.Some people, on the contrary, have quit jobs that were boring or meaningless to them. An office employee who has been pushing papers (has been doing paperwork) for years may start wondering whether those papers are achieving anything. An engineer in a large company, aware that he could be replaced by any man with the same training, may come to feel unimportant as an individual. Such people leave their work in the hope of finding stronger interests and a sense of personal worth.There are also people who leave their work to fulfill an old dream, such as writing books, painting, sailing to remote islands, or growing fruit trees. An army officer left the service at thirty-eight to build doll houses, and another one, who had always been interested in archaeology,（考古学） did the same at forty-five to dig ancient Indian sites. His wife was delighted-instead of keeping house, she was going to satisfy her own dream of learning to make paper.But most of the men and women who drop out of the working world have no special interest and no desire to take up any occupation. They want only to enjoy their freedom, their independence, and their leisure. No more rushing to catch a morning train, no more commuter（通勤者）traffic, no more anxiety to please a boss, no more meetings, no more obligations to behave and dress according to the rules. This endless vacation does not necessarily bring happiness; many of those who have chosen it as a style of life admit that leisure, too, can become boring. But they still prefer it to their former existence(But they like it more than working for a living). The main problem remains the lack of financial security, for, with few exceptions, the dropouts（退出世俗社会的人）are not wealthy. And so they survive by selling their possessions, by borrowing from friends and family, and by taking an odd job(a small temporary job) now and then for a short time when it becomes absolutely necessary.Sam would never have understood their attitude. In the first place, he had never been unhappy with his occupation, and he had never felt any conflict between his work and his personal life. Neither had he ever dreamed of doing anything but selling groceries and chatting with Fred. And there was yet another factor. Todays dropouts can always find some small job to do when they are in need of money, or perhaps they can get unemployment compensation（补偿）from the government for a while. But Sam had lived through the 1930s, when work of any type was almost impossible to find. In those days a job, no matter how unpleasant or poorly paid, was a mans most precious possession. Losing it was a disaster; not looking for another one, a shame. As for not wanting to work at all, it was unthinkable, for society was not used to loafers（流浪者）then. A nonworking family man would have lost the respect of his friends and his place in the community of responsible men.George might have tried to explain to his father the new point of view, to tell him that people have a right to be free, independent, and to watch birds all day if they want to. But he would not have convinced Sam, for whom independence and leisure were luxuries that had to be deserved through hard work. Sam himself had enjoyed a vacation once in a while, and he had been happy to rest in the sun without his tie. But that was only because, having earned his fun, he could enjoy it with a good conscience（良心）.It would have shocked Sam to learn that those shameless people who choose to live in unearned idleness （懒惰）have a good conscience too.1. In the last fifteen or twenty years, people like George have chosento drop out of the working world because _.A. they have earned enough money to spend for the rest of their lives B. they are not well paid at workC. they want to live a more leisurely life D. all of them have work that is too demanding2. After leaving her position the thirty-five-year-old woman felt _.A. relieved and peaceful, though worried about her security B. bored, without friends and companionsC. that she needed another job D. the pressures and burdens of life3. According to the text, people would probably not drop out of the work force if they _.A. often worry about their work B. work without any complaintsC. find it very easy to do their jobs D. dont mind being controlled by others4. According to Sam, a mans value lies in _.A. reaching a higher position in society B. enjoying full freedom and independenceC. working hard and having a good relationship with his communityD. earning money and sending his children to colleges and universities5. Which of the following statements might cause Sam and George to argue?A. To be either a shopkeeper or a geologist will give one satisfaction.B. Happiness can be obtained only through hard work.C. Dropouts live a happier life than anyone else.D. Dropouts live a miserable life if they have no financial security. ( 2 )When young people get their first real jobs, they may face a lot of new, confusing situations. They may find that everything is different from the way things were at school. It is also possible that they will feel uncomfortable and insecure in both professional and social situations. Eventually, they realize that university classes cant be the only preparation for all of the different situations that arise in the working world.Perhaps the best way to learn how to behave in the working world is to identify a worker you admire and observe his behavior. In doing so, you will be able to see what it is that you admire in this person. For example, you will observe how he acts in a crisis. Perhaps even more important, you will be able to see what is his approach to day-to-day situations.While you are observing your colleague, you should be asking yourself whether his behavior is like yours and how you can learn from his responses to a variety of situations. By watching and learning from a model, you will probably begin to identify and adopt good working habits.1. The young people just graduated from school may not behave well in the working world, because _.A. what they learned in university classes is not adequate for their new life B. they are not well educatedC. the society is too complicated to adapt to D. they failed to work hard at school2. In the last line of the first paragraph, the word arise means _.A. bring about B. come into being C. occur to D. cause to happen3. The best way to learn how to behave in the working world is _.A. to find a worker and follow him closely B. to find a person you admire and make friends with himC. to find a person you respect and watch carefully how he acts in different situationsD. to make the acquaintance of a model you admire4. In the last line of the second paragraph, the word approach means_.A. means of entering B. speaking to someone for the first timeC. way of coming nearer to D. manner of doing something5. The passage could be best entitled _.A. Learn from a Model B. Learn, Learn and Learn Again C. Learn Forever D. One Is Never Too Old to Learn01级泛读期末试题(B 卷) 1、fill in the brackets with the words given below the passage. Kenneth and Isabel were both South African born . They got married in London . When they (1) by ship at their homeland ,their entry was barred when the immigration (2) found that Kenneth was (3) The offical began to (4) them . When asked about the reasons (5) their (6) , Kenneth simply replied that they came (7) because they were South Africans. The senior offical had to (8) them to proceed but he warned them that they would be committing a crime if they (9) together . This shows that the law in South Africa forbids a (10) between the white and the coloured . (3 )The first English window was just a slit in the wall. It was cut long, so that it would let in as much light as possible, and narrow, to keep out the bad weather. However, the slit let in more wind than light. This is why it was called the winds eye. The word window itself comes from two Old Norse words for wind and eye.Before windows were used, the ancient halls and castles of northern Europe and Britain were dark and smoky. Their great rooms were high, with only a hole in the roof to let out the smoke from torches and cooking fires.As time went on, people wanted more light and air in their homes. They made the winds eyes wider so as to admit air and light. They stretched canvas of tapestry across them to keep out the weather.1. The first window was a _.A. large hole in the wall B. hole covered with canvas C. slit in the wall D. slit with a piece of paper over it2. The word window meant _.A. opening to look through B. light given C. wind D. winds eye3. The window got its name because it _.A. kept out the wind B. blew out the smoke C. let in more wind than light D. let in mostly light4. In the ancient castles, smoke went out through _.A. the windows B. the doors C. the chimney D. a hole in the roof5. It seems true that the larger, canvas-covered windows _.A. were not as good as the first windows B. let in more light and kept out more wind C. did not let any air in D. were as good as todays windows ( 3 )It was once believed that a person was in great danger when he sneezed-people imagined that the soul could escape from the body at the moment of sneezing. God bless you was a prayer for assistance in keeping the soul where it belonged.The German word Gesundheit (good health) is a variation of this prayer; the Irish deiseal and the Italian felicita are similar prayers. The Hindus say a word that means live, and when a Mohammedan sneezes, he praises God.The Zulus of South Africa, far from being afraid of sneezes, believe that a sneeze signifies a friendly spirits blessing. Whenever a child sneezes, they shout Grow! hoping the friendly spirit that stimulated the sneeze will help the child grow tall and strong. The ancient Hebrews also believed that a sneeze was good-a sneeze indicates life; the dead never sneeze.The Japanese say that if you sneeze once, someone is saying good things about you; if you sneeze twice, bad things are being said about you; if you sneeze three times, you have caught a cold.1. People once thought that anyone who sneezed was _.A. sick B. in danger C. in good health D. evil2. God bless you was said in order to _.A. make children grow tall and strong B. insure good health C. keep the soul in the body D. prevent someone from saying evil things about the sneezer3. Gesundheit is a sneezing prayer most like _.A. the Zulu prayer B. God bless you C. the Japanese prayer D. a warning4. The Zulus believe that sneezing is caused by _.A. a good spirit B. a bad spirit C. illness D. children5. It would be reasonable to conclude that _.A. many people say prayers when they sneeze B. a prayer keeps the soul where it belongsC. all peoples were afraid of sneezes D. the moment of sneezing is very dangerousGiven words: A for B question C colored D returning E officals F arrived G marriage H lived I allow J back 2、Choose the best answer to each question。 1）In the Childrens Ballet of Warsaw Nina was A the star, or prime ballerina B the youngest dancer. C still a beginner 2) Of the following events,the first to occur was A the German invasion of Poland . B Ninas European tour. C the Worlds Fair in New York. 3) Nina spent the last part of the war A dancing in Warsaw night spots. B working with a small Polish troup. C in prison. 4) Nina began her work in ballet again A while she was still in prison. B as soon as the war was over. en she arrived in New York. 5) Nina refused to dance at the theater taken over by the Germans because she A wanted to dance in a large theater. was no longer interested in dancing. C did not want to dance for the Germans. 3、Fill in the blank in each sentence with a suitable collective noun from the following list。 A fleet B herd C ball D cluster E flight F swarm G deck H flock I board J bouquet 1) The kitten plays happily with a _of knitting wool . 2）The First Lady was presented with a _ of flowers after she had given away the prizes 3) The magician took out a _of cards and performed several card tricks. 4) The little boy slipped and fell down a _of steps. 5) The school is managed by a _of eight directors . 6) After they changed to the southeastern course, a _of fishing boats came into view. 7) He had one black lamb in his _ of sheep and he liked it best. 8) The teacher pointed to a _of islands on the map and asked the class for the name. 9) The boy plunged into the river to escape from the _ of bees pursuing him . 10) Every morning he drives his small _ of cattle to the hill to graze. 4 、 Passage One Dogs are social animals and without proper training, they will behave like wild animals. They will spboil your house, destroy your belongings, bark excessively,fight other dogs and even bite you. Nearly all behavior problems are perfectly normal dog activities that occur at the wrong time or place or are directed at the wrong thing. The key to preventing or treating behavior problems us learning to teach the dog to redirect its normal behavior to outlets that are acceptable in the domestic setting. One of the best things you can do for your dog and yourself is to obedience train (驯服) it. Obedience training doesnt solve all behavior problems, but it is the foundation for solving just about any problem.Training opens up a line of communication between you and your dog. Effective communication is necessary to instruct your dog about what you want it to do. Training is also an easy way to establish the social rank order. When your dog o beys a simple request of come here, sit, it is showing obedience and respect for you. It is not necessary to establish yourself as top dog or leader of the dog pack (群) by using extreme measures. You can teach your dog its subordinate (从属的)role by teaching it to show submission to you. Most dogs love performing tricks for you to pleasantly accept that you are in charge. Training should be fun and rewarding for you and your dog.It can enrich your relationship and make living together more enjoyable. A well |trained dog is more confident and can more safely be allowed a greater amount of freedom than an untrained animal. 1） Behavior problems of dogs are believed to _. A) be just part of their nature B) worsen in modern society C) occure when they go wild D) present a threat to the community 2） The primary purpose of obedience training is to _. A) teach the dog to perform clever tricks B) make the dog aware fo its owners authority C) provide the dog with outlets for its wild behavior D) enable the dog to regain its normal behavior 3） Effective communication between a dog and its owner is _. A) essential to solving the dogs behavior problems B) the foundation for dogs to perform tasks C) a good way to teach the dog new tricks D) an extreme measure in obedience training 4） Why do pet dogs love performing tricks for their masters? A) To avoid being punished. B) To show their affection for their masters. C) To win leadership of the dog pack. D) To show their willingness to obey. 5）. When a dog has received effective obedience training, its owner _. A) can give the dog more rewards B) will enjoy a better family life C) can give the dog more freedom D) will have more confidence in himself Passage Two Engineering students are supposed to be examples of practicality and rationality, but when it comes to my college education I am an idealist and a fool. In highschool I wanted to be an electrical engineer and, of course, any sensible student with my aims would have chosen a college with a large engineering department,famous reputation and lots of good labs and research equipment. But thats not what I did. I chose to study engineering at a small liberal |arts(文科) university that doesnt even offer a major in electrical engineering. Obviously, this was not a practical choice; I came here for more noble reasons. I wanted a broad