综合教程4课后习题及答案.doc

Unit 1Vocabulary exercises. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.  1. . I came down here at your Head Master's kind invitation in order to cheer myself.2. . can anyone sitting here this afternoon . not feel deeply thankful for what has                          happened in the time that has passed and for the very great improvement in the position of our country and our home?3.  We had the unmeasured menace of the enemy and their air attack still beating upon us.4. 。They do not always expect that each day will bring up some noble chance of war.5.  There was no flinching and no thought of giving in.6.  I want to do so last year, but I did not venture to. KEY:  1.encourage  2.situation, circumstance  3.threat  4.good  5.a sudden small movement because of pain or fear  6.dare to express at the risk of denial.Fill in the blanks with appropriate forms of the given words.  1. By the end of 2002, the corporation had to sell all products cheaply, price had fallen _(catastrophe), as advanced economies had under gone a profound transition.  2. Johnson isn't tired of Tokyo, it seems, but appearance can be _(deceive).  3. Although a step forward had been taken, their religious _(convict) prevented them from taking up arms.  4. Many young man are not allowed to go out, _(apparent) because of fears that they may join the army in exile.  5. The ability of _(persevere) despite of obstacles and setbacks is the quality people most admire in others.  6. Now these are people who have lived with war for no more than two decades, and nobody_(flinch) when when they hear gunfire unless it's very close.  7. Few Europeans who_(venture) beyond the Himalayas have returned to tell the tale.  8. Whoever this woman is, she made of_(stern) than a man is when facing unpredictable hardships.KEY:  1.catastrophically   2.deceptive   3.convictions   4.apparently  5.perseverance     6.flinches    7.ventured     8.sterner. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word or a phrase taken from the box in it's appropriate form.  ups and down     go through                  close an account           misfortune      put through       throw one's mind back to       address oneself to         yield to  1. She wouldn't want to _ them _ the suffering of a huge ceremony.  2. The famous orator _ the public to his newly-published book which could add to his reputation.  3. At that period, South Africa _ a period of unchangeable events as the Black were fighting for equality.  4. _ 1978, we should not be surprised about some of Mrs. Thatcher's comments, bearing in mind the party she belong to.  5. Parley _ general pressure from the society and bitterly took the child to a specialist.  6. The world is changing rapidly, our plans must change accordingly. Otherwise, we should _ with the harsh market economy.  7. Martin's upbringing shaped his whole life, with so many _ every now and then.  8. Julia has been made to undergo physical and psychological _ for her inability in having childrenKEY:  1.put . Through             2.addressed himself to  3.was going through          4.throwing our minds back to  5.yielded to                 6.close an account  7.ups and downs             8.misfortune Explain the meaning of the underlined word or phrase in each sentence.  1. After a molecule has lost an electron, it has a positive charge  2. It has not until almost the end of the nineteenth century that a virus was proven to be the cause of a disease.  3. Pure feldspar is a colorless transparent mineral, but impurities commonly make it opaque and colorful.  4. I've been a bit down this week, especially after our team lost in game.  5. Because you have not found the summer job yet, you have to step up your efforts.  6. She is a good student and absorbs new idea quickly.KEY:  1.current   2.shown   3.frequently   4.depressed   5.try harder   6.takes inGrammar exercise . Note the use of parallel construction in the following sentences.  1.We were poorly armed. We are not so poorly armed today; but then we were very poorly armed.  2. We had the unmeasured menace of the enemy and their air attack still beating upon us, and you yourselves had had experience of this attack.  3.But we must learn to be equally good at what os short and sharp and what is long and tough.  4. They do not expect to move from crisis to crisis; they do not always expect that each day will bring up some noble chance of war.  5. Never yield to force; never yield to apparently overwhelming might of the enemy.  6. All this tradition of ours, our songs, our schools history, this part of the history of this country, were gone and finished and liquidated.KEY:  Omitted . Improve the following sentence.  1. Skateboarding is both exciting and there is danger in it too.  2. The school teaches shorthand, bookkeeping and to use business machines.  3. The nurse wrote down my name, my address, and how old I was.  4. The sentence is difficult to understand not because of the technical vocabulary but because the syntax faulty.  5. Marian could not decide wether she should start college right after high school or to get job first,  6. The Allies decide to invade Italy and then that they would launch a massive assault on the Normandy coast.  7. The actor was not only stunned by the noise of booting but also by the sight of flying tomatoes.  8. Smoking cigarettes can be as dangerous as to play Russian roulette.KEY  1. Skatebording is both exciting and dangerous.  2. The school teaches short hand, bookkeeping and the use of business machines.  3. The nurse wrote down my name, address and age.  4. The sentence is difficult to understand not because of the technical vocabulary but because of the faulty syntax.  5. Marian could not decide wether to start college right after high school or to get a job first.  6. The Allies decide to invade Italy and then to launch a massive assault . Combine the sentence in each of the following sets into a compound sentence, using parallel construction if possible.  1.   A. Heidi Ross was rich.                      B. Heidi Ross was powerful.  2.   A. Most of the floggings and lynching occur at harvest time.      B. At harvest time, fruit hangs heavy and ripe.      C. At harvest time, the leaves red and gold.      D. At harvest time, nuts fall from the trees.      E. At harvest time, the earth offers best.  3.   A. I have nothing to offer.                    B. I can offer blood.      C. I can offer toil.                           D. I can offer tears.      E. I can offer sweat.  4.   A. Black people in America have been neglected for years.      B. Black people in America have been underestimated for many years.      C. Their recent accomplishments in variety of fields have made "black power" a reality.      D. Their recent accomplishments in a  variety of fields have made black pride possible.KEY  1. Heidi Ross was both rich and powerful.  2. Most of the floggings and lynchings occur at harvest time, when fruit hangs heavy and ripe, when the leaves are red and gold, when nuts fall from the trees, when the earth offers its best.  3. I have nothing to offer but blood, tears, and sweat.  4. Black people in America have been neglected and underestimated for many years, but their recent accomplishments in a variety of fields have made "black power "real and black pride possible. Put the following into the negative.  1. Don't let us speak of dark days.  2. Don't miss your appointment without letting the doctor know in advance.  3. Don't use more water than necessary.  4. Don't let the children go swimming alone.  5. Don't cross the street without looking carefully.  6. Don't drive your car without a license.KEY  1. Let us speak of the darker days.  2. Miss your appointment without letting the doctor know in advance.  3. Use more water than necessary.  4. Let the children go swimming alone.  5. Cross the street without looking carefully.  6. Drive your car without a license. Make sentences of your own after the sentences given below, keeping the underlined structures in your sentences.    1. .to many countries it seemed that our account was closed, we were finished.  2. .and by what seemed almost a miracle to those outside these island, though we ourselves never doubted it, we now find ourselves in a position where I say we can be sure that we have only to persevere to conquer.KEY  1. It seemed that nobody knew what had happened.    It seems to me that I have been neglecting my duty.  2. She seems an unusually clever girl.    It seems to me a marvelous book.Translation . Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrase given in the bracket.  1.我安排他们在小酒吧见面，但那小伙子一直都没有来。（turn up）  2.你无法仅凭表象判断形势是否变得对我们不利。（tell from appearance)  3.那个士兵每次打仗都冲锋在前，从而赢得了最高荣誉。（stand in the gap主席讲话很有说服力，委员会其他成员都听从他的意见。（yield to）  5.他们现在生活富裕了，但也曾经历坎坷。(ups and down)  6.这次演讲我说明两个问题。(address oneself to)  7.我们正在筹划为你举办一次盛大的圣诞聚会。(in somebody's honour)  8.听到那个曲子，我回想起了而同时代。(throw one's mind back)KEY  1. I had arranged for them to meet each other at the pub but the young man never turned up.  2. You cannot tell merely from appearance whether things will turn out unfavourable to us or not.  3. The soldier, who stood in the gap in every battle, gained the highest honors if the country.  4. The chairman spoke so forcefully that the rest of the committee yielded to his opinion.  5. They are well-to-do now, but along the way they had their ups and downs.  6. There are two questions to which I will address myself in this lecture.  7. We are planning a big Christmas party in your honor.  8. Hearing that tune threw my mind back to my childhood. Translate the following sentence into Chinese.     They tell us that we are weak, unable to cope with so formidable an adversary. But when shall we be strong? Will it be the next week, or the next year? Will it be when we are totally disarmed? Shall we gather strength by irresolution and inaction? Shall we acquire the means of effectual resistance, by lying supinely on our backs, and hugging the delusive phantom of hope until our enemies shall have bound us hand and foot? Sir, we are not weak, if we make a proper use of means which the God of nature hath placed in our power. Three millions of people, armed in the holy caused of liberty, and in such a country as that which we possess, are invincible by any force which our enemy can send against us. The battle is not to the strong alone it is to the vigilant, the active, the brave,. Sir, we have no selection. If we were base enough to desire it, it is now too late to retire from the contest. There is no retreat, but in submission and slavery! The war is inevitable -and let it come! I repeat, sir, let it come!KEY     他们告诉我们，我们很弱小，无法对付如此强大的敌人。但是，我们什么时候才能够强大一些呢？是下个星期吗？是明年吗？还是我们完全被解除武装之时吗？犹豫不决、无所作为就能使我们积聚力量吗？难道只有仰面而卧，心存幻想，直至让敌人捆住我们的手脚，我们才能找到有效的抵御办法吗？先生们，假如我们适当的运用造物主赋予我们的力量，我们就不弱小。我们拥有300万为争取神圣自由而武装起来的人民，我们拥有这样的国家，这是敌人可能派遣来的任何军队都无法战胜的。战争的胜利不仅仅是属于强者，胜利还属于警觉的人、主动的人、无畏的人。先生们，我们已别无选择。即使我们卑躬屈膝，指望从战争中脱身，也为时已晚。除了屈服、沦为奴隶，我们没有退路！战争已迫在眉睫让它到来吧！先生们，请允许我重复一遍：让它到来吧！Unit 2Vocabulary exercises. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.  1. . I was standing in a line snaking around some tired velvet ropes.  2. The phrase "personal space"has a quaint, seventies ring to it.  3. Or perhaps the proliferation of coffee bars in Manhattan . is infusing so much caffeine into the already jiangling locals.  4. "Don't tread on me" could have been coined only by someone with a spread.  5. .anything less than a hug may come across as chilliness.  6. I've also noticed an increase in the ranks of what I think of as space invaders.KEY   1. loose                2. tone           3. the already             4. invented              5. unfriendliness   6. the people who belong to a group  . Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part in each sentence without changing its original meaning.  1. The drawbacks here are that the customer has to deposit a minimum of $100 monthly.      A. invest         B. reserve    C. lay down    D. place for safekeeping  2. Some of the ideas are very complicated and sound intuitively plausible.      A. instinctively    B. directly   C. frankly     D. Reasonably  3. Expertly he zigzagged his way across the grassland, avoiding the deeper gullies and making good time.     A. tramped        B. trod     C. traveled    D. piloted.  4. Relentless in his pursuit of quality, his technical skill was remarkable.     A. pitiless         B. merciless  C. ruthless   D. unrelenting  5. Why are the contents the next person's shopping trolley always more alluring than one's own.     A. dissuasive      C. allusive    C. attractive  D. seductive  6. I believe that people should live in houses that allow them to shrink from the harsh realities of life.     A. wither         B. retreat     C. hide      D. avoid KEY  1. D        2. A          3. B           4. D           5. C            6. B. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a phrase taken from the box in its appropriate form.  1. As I was about to leave the restaurant, a young man _ to me and said, "May I help you ?"  2. Not satisfied with the present position in the company, he is trying to _a much greater role for himself.  3. Women rend to _their success _external causes such as assistance from friends.  4. Ronald's success _for his place in Germany's world championship team.  5. My job is to challenge, but not threaten them. So I must be careful not _their toes.  6. A young lady and her little son were seriously injured when a car _them on a crossing.  7. Loss of weight _directly _the rate at which the disease is progressing.  8. In contemporary society, most farmers have bank managers _in order to secure their financial banlance.KEY  1. sidled up      2. carve out     3. attribute to      4. staked a claim  5. to tread on     6. plowed into  7. is proportional to  8. breathing down their necks. Explain the meaning of the underlined word or phrase in each sentence.  1. The National Research Council, initiated during World War ,was continued  after the  war for the encouragement of research in the natural sciences.  2. In the tropics, bumblebee last for many years, but in temperate regions the workers and the drones die in the fall.  3. Sakajawa, a Snosneone Indian woman, readily agreed to act as interpreter and guide for the Lewis and Clark expeditions across the North America continent.  4. The hockey match was off because of the heavy rain.  5. He doesn't have much money, but that's not the point.  6. The constant sunshine and mild climate of southern California made it an ideal site for shooting motion pictures.KEY  1. promotion                2. endure                     3. willingly  4. canceled                  5. the most important thing     6. warmer than usualGrammar exercise. Note the use of can, could may in the following sentence.  1. Like the twelve - mile limit around our national shores, personal space is our individual border motion beyond which no stranger can penetrate without making us uneasy.  2. T - shirt weather can make proximity more alluring.  3. Or perhaps the proliferation of coffee bars in Manhattan -the number seems to double every three months - is infusing so much caffeine into the already jangling locals that people can no longer keep to themselves.  4. " Don't tread on me " could have been coined only by someone with a spread.  5. To an Englishman, a handshake can seem like trespassing, whereas to a Brazilian, anything less than a hug may come across as chilliness.  6. In the same way that the breeze from a butterfly's wings in Janpan may eventually produce a tidal  wave in California, I have decided to expand the contracting boundaries of personal space. KEY  1. is able to            2. possibly                    3. are able to  4. possibly            5. (logically) possibly, possibly    6. is possible to. Rewrite the following sentences, using can, could, may or might.  1. He is in poor health. It is possible for him to fall ill at any time.  2. John looks pale today. It is possible that he is ill.  3. John was able to swim then he was five.  4. Visitors were to allowed to take photos of the castle.  5. Am I allowed to borrow your phone?  6. Nobody knows where he is. Maybe is in the library, or maybe he is in the lab.  7. It is possible that John has read Hamlet.  8. I looked everywhere but I failed to find my dictionary.KEY1. He can fall ill at any time.2. He may be ill.3. John could swim when he was five.4. Visitors could take photos of the castle.5. Could/Can/Might/May I use your phone.6. He can be in the library or in the lab.7. John may have read Hamlet.8. I looked everywhere but I couldnt find my dictionary. Complete the sentences with so, do, one or not.  1. A: Are you going to have a test tomorrow? B: I think _.  2. A: Will your flight be cancelled because of the bad weatherB: I hope _.  3. A: You don't like dishonesty, do you?B: Of course not. Actually, nobody _.  4. A: Are cats colour -blind?B: I believe _.  5. A: What about going there in your car?   &nbs