2019电大人口与家庭专业优生优育试题及参考答案.doc

电大人口与家庭专业优生优育试题及参考答案班级_ 姓名_ 得分_一、单选题（每题2分，共40分）。1、下列不符合常染色体显性遗传的特点是（ ）。A、 男女发病机会均等 B、系谱中呈连续传递现象 C、患者都是纯合体发病，杂合体为携带者 D、患者双亲中往往有一个也是患者2、某种多基因遗传病男性发病率高于女生发病率，女性患者生育的后代（ ）。A、 易患性平均值低 B、发病风险高 C、遗传率高 D、发病率低3、关于连锁隐性遗传病，下列说法中错误的是（ ）。A、 系谱中往往只有男性患者 B、女儿有病，父亲也一定是同病患者C、双亲无病时，子女均不会患病 D、有交叉遗传现象4、应进行染色体检查的疾病为（ ）。A、21三体综合征 B、地中海贫血 C、苯丙酮尿症 D、假性肥大型肌营养不良症5、妇女妊娠期理想的声强环境是（ ）。A、 10分贝以下 B、1035分贝 C、4050分贝 D、5060分贝6、噪声对人在心理、生活、工作效率等方面造成不良影响，不包括（ ）。A、 听力损伤 B、运动系统功能的损伤 C、心脏血管系统功能障碍 D、对生殖机能和妊娠的影响7、弓形虫感染者需治愈（ ）后才能怀孕。A、 3个月 B、半年 C、10个月 D、2年8、孕妇自（ ）传播巨细胞病毒给胎儿，有时造成流产、早产和死胎。A、 唾液 B、胎盘 C、生殖道 D、汗液9、中华人民共和国婚姻法规定可以结婚的是（ ）。A、 直系血亲 B、三代以内旁系血亲C、一方患有重度智力低下 D、精神病病情稳定满2年10、婚前医学检查中完成采集病史的内容不包括（ ）。A、双方是否存在血缘关系 B、家庭史 C、以往妊娠分娩史 D、双方家庭经济情况11、出生缺陷发生的高危期在（ ）。A、受精后1至2周 B、受精后3至8周C、受精后8至12周 D、受精后3至6周12、为预防神经管畸形，服用叶酸的最佳时间为（ ）。A、 孕前1个月至怀孕头3个月 B、孕前3个月至怀孕头3个月 C、怀孕头3个月 D、怀孕头6个月13、出生缺陷一级干预的目的是（ ）。A、防止出生缺陷的发生 B、减少出生缺陷儿的出生C、及时进行新生儿疾病筛查和诊治，减轻致残的程度 D、减少生育子女数14、不属于产前诊断的是（ ）。A、羊水检查 B、染色体检查 C、超检查 D、口腔检查15、根据新生儿疾病筛查管理办法，目前我国新生儿疾病筛查病中不包括（ ）。A、苯丙酮尿症 B、 听力障碍 C、先天性白内障 D、先天性甲状腺功能减低症16、（ ）是衡量婴幼儿体格生长和营养状况最常用的指标。A、体重 B、身长C、头围 D、面色17、（ ）是保证婴幼儿生长发育的物质基础。A、阳光 B、营养 C、空气 D、水18、营养因素主要是指营养物质的充分供给和合理的 （ ）。 A、喂养方式 B、喂养时间 C、喂养次数 D、喂养工具19、1至岁婴幼儿粗大动作发展的主要特征是（ ）。A、 以移动运动为主 B、从移动运动向基本运动技能过渡C、以基本运动技能为主 D、以跑跳动作为主20、在（ ），婴幼儿进入情感联结的固化阶段。A、 6个月至2岁 B、0至6个月 C、 2岁以后 D、0至12个月二、多选题（每题3分，共30分）。、语言能力的发展包括（ ）。A、语音 B、语义 C、语法 D、语用2、智力异常的情况常被分为（ ）功能层次。A、轻度 B、中度 C、重度 D、极重度3、婴幼儿体格生长发育的一般规律有（ ）。A、连续性 B、阶段性C、个体差异性 D、顺序性4、孕前风险评估包括（ ）。A、年龄 B、家庭经济状况 C、患病用药史 D、营养5、三代以内旁系血亲包括（ ）。、兄妹 B、 堂兄弟 C、表兄弟 D、同父异母的姐妹6、孕前优生健康教育的内容（ ）。、心理准备 B、经济准备 C、营养 D、行为方式7、婚前医学检查一般包括（ ）。、询问病史 B、体格检查 C、女性阴道分泌物检查 D、血、尿常规检查8、致畸因素包括（ ）。、染色体变异 B、风疹病毒 C、重金属 D、电离辐射9、检查包括（ ）。、风疹病毒 B、巨细胞病毒C、弓形虫 D、单纯疱疹病毒10、婴幼儿体格生长发育常见的疾病有（ ）。A、甲状腺功能减退症 B、垂体性侏儒症 C、特纳综合征 D、克氏综合征三、判断题（每题2分，共10分）。、母亲是红绿色盲的患者，父亲正常，他们应选择生女儿。（）、多基因遗传病是由多对基因控制的，不受环境因素的影响。（）、男女双方各为先天性聋哑和后天性聋哑可以结婚。（）、精神病经治疗已稳定满1年，应出具“暂缓结婚”的建议。（）、染色体病最常见的是21三体综合征。（）四、简答题（每题5分，共20分）。、现代优生学主要包括哪些领域？、基因突变的主要类型有哪些？、试述巨细胞病毒对孕妇和胎儿的影响？、婴幼儿情绪行为异常的表现有哪些？答案：一、单选题. . . . . . . . . .11.B 12.B 13.A 14.D 15.C 16.B 17.B 18.A 19.B 20.A 二多选题1.ABCD 2.ABCD 3.ABCD 4.ACD 5.ABCD 6.ABCD 7.ABD8.ABCD 9.ABCD 10.ABCD三判断题、对、错、对、错、对请您删除一下内容，O(_)O谢谢！2015年中央电大期末复习考试小抄大全，电大期末考试必备小抄，电大考试必过小抄Shanghais Suzhou Creek has witnessed much of the citys history. Zhou Wenting travels this storied body of water and finds its most fascinating spots. Some lucky cities can boast a great body of water, like London with the river Thames and Paris with the river Seine. Shanghai is privileged enough to have two great bodies of water: Huangpu River and Suzhou Creek.Huangpu River became famous when colonists established clusters of grand buildings on its banks on what became known as the bund. Today, the bund overlooks the breathtaking skyline of Lujiazui financial district. Shanghais other body of water, however, Suzhou Creek, has been somewhat overshadowed. Suzhou Creek links the inland cities of Jiangsu province with Shanghai. When the British colonists, who arrived in the city after it was opened as a commercial port in 1843 found they could reach Suzhou, Jiangsu province, via the creek, they named it Suzhou Creek. Thanks to its location, a large amount of cargo and travelers were transported via the creek before rail links were established. But after a century of being utilized as a waterway to transport goods and labor, the creek grew dark and smelly. Industrial factories were established along the banks. In the 1990s it became a key task of the city government to clean the creek. Suzhou Creek, which snakes 17 km from the iconic Waibaidu Bridge downtown to the outer ring road in west Shanghai, maps the changing periods of the citys history, including the imprints of the concessions, the beginning of industrialization and the improvement in peoples living conditions. Where the Bund began In-between the shopping street of East Nanjing Road and the Bund, are a cluster of streets that give me the illusion that I am no longer in modern Shanghai. The streets are narrow and old and criss-cross each other. Any old residential house may turn out to be a former office of the British, constructed in the 1880s. Pawnshops and hardware stores that are hard to find elsewhere, are plentiful here. This area, at the confluence of Huangpu River and Suzhou Creek, is called the Bund Origin. Countless tour buses stop at the site every day and visitors from around the world get off to see this place, the starting point of the concessions in the city. It all started in 1872, when the former British Consulate General was constructed and the Bund began its transformation into an the financial street of the East. Now the site of the former consulate is called “No 1 Waitanyuan”, which translates to “the Bund Origin”, to honor its beginnings. The entire complex of this historical site comprises of five buildings, the former British Consulate General, the official residence of the consul, the former Union Church, the church apartments and the former Shanghai Rowing Club. The size of the courtyard is equivalent to that of four standard soccer fields. The building of the former consulate is a two-storey masonry building on an H-shaped plan in typical English renaissancestyle. The building is designed with a five-arch verandah on the ground floor with a raised terrace facing the garden, while the facade features an entry portico beneath a colonnaded loggia. It has been turned into a caf where dinner and afternoonteaare available. Visitors can choose to sit indoors or outdoors to enjoy the magnificent gardens with nearly 30 ancient trees.Yuanmingyuan Road behind the complex is also a historical site. The road has been revamped as a pedestrian shopping street and high-end brands have seized the best spots. Altogether, 14 old buildings, including those used for offices and residences constructed during 1920s and 1930s, remain. Today, it is a popular location for commercialfashionphoto shoots. New Tianan Church, or Union Church, stands at the intersection of Yuanmingyuan Road and Suzhou Creek. The church, designed in the style of the English countryside, has a capacity of 500 people. It was very popular during the concession period but was converted into factory offices after 1949. The church we see today is a replica, the original burned down in 2007. There used to be an outdoor swimming pool, the first of its kind in Shanghai, beside the church but has been filled-in and is now a small garden. Bridge of romance There is perhaps no other place thats more representative of Shanghai than this bridge, which appears in quite a lot ofmovies about the city. Dozens of couples visit every day to pose for their pre-wedding photos on the bridge where Suzhou Creek begins and interconnects with Huangpu River. This is Waibaidu Bridge, or the Garden Bridge. The soon-to-be-wed couples pose in splendid attire on the bridge, leaning against the railing or sitting on the wooden floor. Some even risk walking into the middle of the road to get the perfect shot.Colorful lights illuminate the bridge throughout the night, making it a picturesque place for pre-wedding portraits and lovers to meet. Constructed in 1873 and designed by a British company, the 106-meter-long bridge was the first-ever major bridge in Shanghai. In 1856, the first large wooden bridge, Wells Bridge, was built over Suzhou Creek but the bridge toll led to complaints from citizens. So 17 years later, another wooden bridge, which did not require tolls, was built. People called it Waibaidu, which means “going across for free”. The bridge was renovated as a steel truss structure in 1907. Because nearly 40 bridges have now been built over Suzhou Creek, the bridge is no longer a traffic artery but is more of an observation deck for tourists. It is a tradition in Shanghai for a grandmother to walk across a bridge with their grandchild when he or she reaches one month. This represents that the newborn has overcome all the twists and turns and its journey will be safe and smooth throughout his or her life. Waibaidu Bridge is always the best option because its the icon of Shanghai. The picture of my daughter when she was a baby held by her grandmother was also taken here. Its like a family tradition, says Wang Xuefen, a Shanghai native who has a newborn grandson. Changning Riverside There is a 5-km stretch of waterfront by Suzhou Creek in Changning district on Changning Road from the intersection of Hami Road to Jiangsu Road. It has become a popular place to take a walk and sunbathe on the lawn. There is an overpass at the intersection of Changning Road and Gubei Road for people to enjoy the view of the creek and a 3-km plastic runway on both sides of Changning Road, which attracts people of all ages, Chinese and expat. Jogging on the two sides gives a different feeling because the north side is next to the creek, and the south side is adjacent to the residential highrises, which is like jogging in the jungle, says Xiao Xu, a 27-year-old woman who lives nearby. The riverside used to be completely different. Dozens of textile mills, chemical plants and machine manufacturing factories were set up along the creek in the 1920s. They brought industrialization but also pollution. From the 1930s the creek could no longer be used as a source for tap water, and no living fish or shrimp could be found. Suzhou Creek in my memory is dark and smelly. I used to go to the riverbank to watch the sewage disposal running out from the chemical plants when I was a little girl. We didnt know it was pollution. We thought it was a red waterfall, says Huang Qi, a 57-year-old Shanghai resident. So the residential houses along the creek were unpopular, and only migrants with low incomes would live in that area, she says. However, things have changed. The plants were closed and turned into riverside parks and the apartments in the new highrises, especially those facing the creek, are much sought after. East China University of Political Science and Law This is the famous former Saint Johns University, Chinas first-ever modern institution of higher education established by missionaries from the United States in 1879. The buildings combine Chinese and Western elements. Address: 1575 Wanhangdu Road, Chan