兖矿考试化学(内部模拟题).doc

高中一年级期末测试化学(必修1)相对原子质量：h1 c12 o16 na23 s32 cu64 fe56 al27 mg24 zn65 n14 cl35.5一、选择题(每小题均有一个选项符合题意，每小题2分，共48分)1如果你家里的食用花生油混有水份，你将采用下列何种方法分离 a过滤 b蒸馏 c分液 d萃取2以下是一些常用的危险品标志，装运乙醇的包装箱应贴的图标是 a b c d3下列说法正确的是 a易溶于水的物质一定是电解质 b液态氯化氢能导电c液态氯化钠能导电 d熔融的液态钠是电解质4下列反应中，铁元素被氧化的是 afes+2hcl9fecl2+2h2s bfe+h2s049fes04+h2 cfeo+2hcl9fecl2+h20 dfe203+3co92fe+3c025下列物质中既能跟稀h2so4反应，又能跟氢氧化钠溶液反应的是 nahco3 a12o3 al(oh)3 al a b c d全部6除去na2co3固体中少量nahco3的最佳方法是 a加入适量盐酸 b加入naoh溶液 c加热 d配成溶液后通人co27只用一种试剂可区别na2so4、mgcl2、fecl2、al2(so4)3、(nh4)2so4五种溶液，这种试剂是 aba(0h)2 bh2s04 cnaoh dagno38下列物质中，不属于合金的是a硬铝 b黄铜 c钢铁 d金箔9下列试剂能贮存在磨口玻璃塞的试剂瓶里的是 ahf溶液 bkoh溶液 c盐酸 d水玻璃10下列叙述正确的是 a1mol的h2o的质量为18g/mol bch4的摩尔质量为16g c3.01lo23个so2分子的质量为32g d标准状况下，lmol任何物质体积均为22.4l11漂白粉的有效成分是 a次氯酸钙 b氯化钙 c次氯酸 d次氯酸钙与氯化钙12下列物质中的主要成分不是二氧化硅的是 a硅胶 b水晶 c玛瑙 d硅石13氢化钙中的氢元素为-l价，它可用做生氢剂，反应的化学方程式是：cah2+2h2o9ca(0h)：+2h2。该反应中，水的作用是 a溶剂 b还原剂 c氧化剂 d既是还原剂又是氧化剂14下列反应的离子方程式书写正确的是 a钠和冷水反应：na+2h2o9na+20h-+h2 b金属铝溶于氢氧化钠溶液：al+20h-9alo2-+ h2 c金属铝溶于盐酸中：2al+6h+92al3+3h2 dfe(0h)3跟盐酸反应：oh-+h+9h2015患甲状腺肿大是边远山区常见的地方病，下列元素对该病有治疗作用的是 a钠元素 b氯元素 c碘元素 d铁元素16新制氯水与久置的氯水相比较，下列结论不正确的是 a颜色相同 b前者能使有色布条褪色 c都含有h+ d加agno3溶液都能生成白色沉淀17能证明硅酸的酸性弱于碳酸酸性的实验事实是 aco2溶于水形成碳酸，sio2难溶于水 bco2通人可溶性硅酸盐中析出硅酸沉淀 c高温下sio2与碳酸盐反应生成c02 dco2是气体，sio2是固体18向mgso4和al2(so4)3的混合溶液中，逐滴加入naoh溶液。下列图象中，能正确表示上述反应的是(横坐标表示加入naoh溶液的体积，纵坐标表示反应生成沉淀的质量)19已知反应2bro3-+cl29br2+2clo3- 5c12+i2+6h2o92hio3+10hcl clo3-+5c1-+6h+93cl2+3h2o，下列物质氧化能力强弱顺序正确的是 aclo3-bro3-io3-c12 bbro3-c12clo3-io3- cbro3-clo3-c12io3- dc12bro3-clo3-io3-20下列关于so2的叙述，正确的是 aso2既可以是含硫物质的氧化产物，又可以是含硫物质的还原产物 bso2是硫酸的酸酐 c大气中so2的主要来源是汽车排出的尾气 dso2具有漂白性，因而可以使石蕊试液褪色21(普)为除去feso4溶液中的fe2(so4)3和cuso4杂质，可选用的试剂为 anaoh b铁粉 c氨水 d氯水21(重)将fe、cu、fe2+、fe3+和cu2+盛于同一容器中充分反应，反应后fe有剩余，则容器中其它存在的单质或离子只能是acu、fe3+ bfe2+、fe3+ ccu、cu2+ dcu、fe2+22(普)将na2o2投入fecl2溶液中，可观察到的现象是 a生成白色沉淀及气泡 b生成红褐色沉淀及气泡 c仅有气泡产生 d无变化22(重)某溶液中含有hco3-、so3 、co32-、co32-、ch3coo-等4种阴离子。向其中加入足量的na2o2固体后，溶液中离子浓度基本保持不变的是(假设溶液体积无变化) ach3coo- bso32- cco32- dhco3-23(普)稀硫酸中插一块铜片，加入下列物质后，可使铜片迅速发生反应的是 a稀盐酸 b硫酸钠晶体 c硝酸钾晶体 d氯化钠晶体23(重)将3.20 g铜跟50.0ml l0.o moll-1的hno3溶液充分反应，还原产物为no和no2。若反应后溶液中有x mol h+，则此时溶液中含no的物质的量为 a mol b(x+0.1)mol c2x mol d0.1x mol24(普)为了除去氯气中混有的少量水蒸气，可使含杂质的氯气通过某特定的干燥管，此干燥管中装有下列药品的 a五氧化二磷粉末 b浓硫酸 c饱和食盐水 d碱石灰24(重)下图是一套检验气体性质的实验装置。向装置中缓慢地通人气体x，若关闭活塞k，则品红试液无变化，而澄清石灰水变浑浊；若打开活塞k，则品红试液褪色。据此判断气体x和洗气瓶内液体y可能是b二、填空题(共21分)25(8分)如右图所示a、b、c、d分别是几种常见漏斗的上部，a、b、c、d是实际操作中各漏斗的下部插入容器中的示意图，请指出a、b、c、d分别与a、b、c、d相匹配的组合及其组合后装置在实验中的应用，例如：c和a组合，用于制取气体。 a与_组合，用于_， b与_组合，用于_， b与_组合，用于_，d与_组合，用于_，26(1)(普通)(3分)实验室制取fe(0h)3胶体的方法是：取一个小烧杯，加入25ml蒸馏水。将烧杯内蒸馏水加热至_，向_中逐滴加入12mlfecl3溶液。继续_至溶液呈红褐色，停止加热，即得到fe(0h)3胶体。 (2)(重点)(3分)据媒体报道社会上曾有不法分子，以黄铜(铜、锌合金)假冒黄金进行诈骗活动。请你设计实验，鉴别黄铜和黄金。27(4分)写出下列物质问反应的离子反应方程式：(普通中学做1、2；重点中学做3、4)(1)硫酸钠溶液与氯化钡溶液_(2)硝酸银溶液与氯化钾溶液_ (3)盐酸与碳酸钠溶液_(4)防治碘缺乏病的碘添加剂是kio3，(如加碘盐)，可用盐酸酸化的ki淀粉混合液检验食盐是否加碘，其反应的离子方程式为：_28(6分)甲、乙两相邻的化工厂，排放的污水经处理后，仍然各溶有以下八种离子(ag+、fe3+、ba2+、na+、cl-、so42-、no3-、oh-)中各不相同的4种，若单独排放，则造成环境污染，如果将甲、乙两厂的污水按适当比例充分混合，再经沉淀后，排放的污水转变为无色澄清的nano3溶液，污染程度大为降低，又经测定，甲厂污水的ph大于7，试推断：(1)甲厂污水中含有的4种离子是_；(2)乙厂污水中含有的4种离子是_。三、推断题(10分)29(重点)(10分)已知有以下物质相互转化试回答：(1)写出b的化学式_；d的化学式_。(2)写出由e转变成f的化学方程式_。(3)写出用kscn鉴别g溶液的现象_；向g溶液加入a的有关离子反应方程式_。29(普通)(10分)有x、y、z三种元素：(1)x、y、z的单质在常温下均为气体；(2)x单质可以在z的单质中燃烧，生成物为xz，火焰呈苍白色；(3)xz极易溶于水，在水溶液中电离出x+和z-，其水溶液能使蓝色石蕊试纸变红；(4)每2个x2分子能与1个y2分子化合成2个x2y分子，x2y常温下为液体；(5)z单质溶于x2y中，所得溶液具有漂白性。试写出其元素符号：x_，y_，z_，以及化合物的分子式：xz_，x2y_。四、实验题(共12分)30为了验证木炭可被浓h2so4氧化成co2，选用下图所示仪器(内含物质)组装成实验装置：(1)如按气流由左向右流向，连接上述装置的正确顺序是(填各接口字母)： _接_，_接_，_接_；(2)仪器乙、丙应有怎样的实验现象才表明已检验出c02?乙_，丙中_；(3)丁中酸性kmno4溶液的作用是_；(4)写出甲中反应的化学方程式_。五、计算题(本题包括2小题，共9分)31(3分)计算o.5l 1mol/l fecl3，溶液与0.2l 1mol/l kcl溶液中的cl-的数目之比。32(普通)(6分)把5.4g al放人足量naoh溶液中完全反应，计算生成氢气的体积(标准状况)。32(重点)(6分)铁粉和氧化铁粉末的混合物共48.8g，加入到700ml的稀硫酸中，恰好完全反应，得到氢气o.1mol，向反应后的溶液中滴人nh4scn溶液，搅拌均匀，溶液未见红色。求：(1)混合物中铁和氧化铁的质量。(2)原稀硫酸的物质的量浓度。20082009学年度第一学期期末调研测试高中一年级化学(必修1)参考答案一、选择题(每小题均有一个选项符合题意，每小题2分，共48分)题号123456789101112选项cdcbdccdccaa题号131415161718192021222324选项cccabdca普b重d普b重a普c重b普a重b二、填空题(共21分) 25(8分，每小题2分)c，制备气体 b，分液 d，过滤 d向酒精灯添加酒精 26(1)(普通)(3分)沸腾，沸水，煮沸 (2)(重点)(3分)分别取样放人稀硝酸中，能溶解的是黄铜，无反应的是黄金27(4分)(1)so42-+ba2+9baso4 (2)ag+cl-9agcl (3)2h+co32-9h2o+co2 (4)io3-+5i-+6h+93i2+3h2o 28(6分)(1)(3分)na+、cl-、so42-、oh-； (2)(3分)ag+、fe3+、ba2+、no3-。三、推断题(10分) 29(重点)(10分，每空2分) (1)fecl2 kcl (2)4fe(oh)2+o2+2h2o94fe(oh)3 (3)出现血红色溶液2fe3+fe93fe2+ 29(普通)(10分，每空2分)x：h y：o z：cl xz：hcl x2y：h2o四、实验题(共12分) 30(12分)(1)(4分)af、e、cdb (2)(4分)乙中出现白色沉淀丙中品红未褪色 (3)(2分)吸收so2(4)(2分)c+2h2so4(浓)co2+2so2+2h2o五、计算题(本题包括2小题。共9分) 31(3分)15:2 32(普通)(6分)6.72 l 32(重点)(6分)(1)mfe=16.8g；m=32g (2)c=1mol/l w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mg an employment tribunal claimemployment tribunals sort out disagreements between employers and employees.you may need to make a claim to an employment tribunal if: you dont agree with the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you your employer dismisses you and you think that you have been dismissed unfairly.for more information about dismissal and unfair dismissal, seedismissal.you can make a claim to an employment tribunal, even if you haventappealedagainst the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you. however, if you win your case, the tribunal may reduce any compensation awarded to you as a result of your failure to appeal.remember that in most cases you must make an application to an employment tribunal within three months of the date when the event you are complaining about happened. if your application is received after this time limit, the tribunal will not usually accept it.if you are worried about how the time limits apply to you, take advice from one of the organisations listed underfurther help.employment tribunals are less formal than some other courts, but it is still a legal process and you will need to give evidence under an oath or affirmation.most people find making a claim to an employment tribunal challenging. if you are thinking about making a claim to an employment tribunal, you should get help straight away from one of the organisations listed underfurther help.if you are being represented by a solicitor at the tribunal, they may ask you to sign an agreement where you pay their fee out of your compensation if you win the case. this is known as adamages-based agreement. in england and wales, your solicitor cant charge you more than 35% of your compensation if you win the case.if you are thinking about signing up for a damages-based agreement, you should make sure youre clear about the terms of the agreement. it might be best to get advice from an experienced adviser, for example, at a citizens advice bureau. to find your nearest cab, including those that give advice by e-mail, click onnearest cab.for more information about making a claim to an employment tribunal, seeemployment tribunals.the (lack of) air up there watch mcayman islands-based webb, the head of fifas anti-racism taskforce, is in london for the football associations 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend citys premier league match at chelsea on sunday.i am going to be at the match tomorrow and i have asked to meet yaya toure, he told bbc sport.for me its about how he felt and i would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was.uefa hasopened disciplinary proceedings against cskafor the racist behaviour of their fans duringcitys 2-1 win.michel platini, president of european footballs governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referees actions.cska said they were surprised and disappointed by toures complaint. in a statement the russian side added: we found no racist insults from fans of cska.age has reached the end of the beginning of a word. may be guilty in his seems to passing a lot of different life became the appearance of the same day; may be back in the past, to oneself the paranoid weird belief disillusionment, these days, my mind has been very messy, in my mind constantly. always feel oneself should go to do something, or write something. twenty years of life trajectory deeply shallow, suddenly feel something, do it.一字开头的年龄已经到了尾声。或许是愧疚于自己似乎把转瞬即逝的很多个不同的日子过成了同一天的样子；或许是追溯过去，对自己那些近乎偏执的怪异信念的醒悟，这些天以来，思绪一直很凌乱，在脑海中不断纠缠。总觉得自己自己似乎应该去做点什么，或者写点什么。二十年的人生轨迹深深浅浅，突然就感觉到有些事情，非做不可了。the end of our life, and can meet many things really do?而穷尽我们的一生，又能遇到多少事情是真正地非做不可？during my childhood, think lucky money and new clothes are necessary for new year, but as the advance of the age, will be more and more found that those things are optional; junior high school, thought to have a crush on just means that the real growth, but over the past three years later, his writing of alumni in peace, suddenly found that isnt really grow up, it seems is not so important; then in high school, think dont want to give vent to out your inner voice can be in the high school children of the feelings in a period, but was eventually infarction when graduation party in the throat, later again stood on the pitch he has sweat profusely, looked at his thrown a basketball hoops, suddenly found himself has already cant remember his appearance.童年时，觉得压岁钱和新衣服是过年必备，但是随着年龄的推进，会越来越发现，那些东西根本就可有可无；初中时，以为要有一场暗恋才意味着真正的成长，但三年过去后，自己心平气和的写同学录的时候，突然就发现是不是真正的成长了，好像并没有那么重要了；然后到了高中，觉得非要吐露出自己的心声才能为高中生涯里的懵懂情愫划上一个句点，但毕业晚会的时候最终还是被梗塞在了咽喉，后来再次站在他曾经挥汗如雨的球场，看着他投过篮球的球框时，突然间发现自己已经想不起他的容颜。originally, this world, can produce a chemical reaction to an event, in addition to resolutely, have to do, and time.原来，这个世界上，对某个事件能产生化学反应的，除了非做不可的坚决，还有，时间。a persons time, your ideas are always special to clear. want, want, line is clear, as if nothing could shake his. also once seemed to be determined to do something, but more often is he backed out at last. dislike his cowardice, finally found that there are a lot of love, there are a lot of miss, like shadow really have been doomed. those who do, just green years oneself give oneself an arm injection, or is a self-righteous spiritual.一个人的时候，自己的想法总是特别地清晰。想要的，不想要的，界限明确，好像没有什么可以撼动自己。也曾经好像已经下定了决心去做某件事，但更多的时候是最后又打起了退堂鼓。嫌恶过自己的怯懦，最终却发现有很多缘分，有很多错过，好像冥冥之中真的已经注定。那些曾经所谓的非做不可，只是青葱年华里自己给自己注射的一支强心剂，或者说，是自以为是的精神寄托罢了。at the moment, the sky is dark, the air is fresh factor after just rained. suddenly thought of blue plaid shirt; those were broken into various shapes of stationery; from the corner at the beginning of deep friendship; have declared the end of the encounter that havent start planning. those years, those days of do, finally, like youth, will end in our life.此刻，天空是阴暗的，空气里有着刚下过雨之后的清新因子。突然想到那件蓝格子衬衫；那些被折成各种各样形状的信纸；那段从街角深巷伊始的友谊；还有那场还没有开始就宣告了终结的邂逅计划那些年那些天的非做不可，终于和青春一样，都将在我们的人生中谢幕。baumgartner the disappointing news: mission aborted. r plays an important role in this mission. starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. the balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. it will climb higher than the tip of mount everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. as he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence.the supersonic descent could happen as early as sunda.the weathethe balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet ( then, i would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an olympic diving platform.below, th