外研版高中英语必修4短语

Module 1 1.have no alternative but (=have no choice but) 除外别无选择; 只要 2.alternative energy 可代替能源 3.an alternative plan 替代方案 4.load with sth. 给 装某物 load the truck with coal 给汽车装上煤 5.be on fire 着火(强调状态) 6.catch fire 失火(强调动作,无被动语态) 7.set fire to sth 放火烧某物 8.command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事 9.command that (that 从句中要用 should+动词 原形, should 可省略) 10.free of charge 免费,不花钱 11.in charge of 负责，管理 12.in the charge of 由负责 13.take charge of 负责管理,负责照顾 14.be charged with 充满 15.attach sth to sth 把某物固定/附在某物上 16.attach oneself to 参加;和在一起,缠着 17.be attached to 连在上; 附属于.; 系在上 18.attach importance/value to sth. 认为某事很重要/有价值 19.for sure 肯定地,有把握地 20.sb. is sure to do sth 某人一定/肯定做某事 21.be sure + that-clause 确信,相信 22.make sure of /about sth 确保 23.make sure + that-clause 确保 24.sb. run out of sth 某人用完了某东西 25.sth. run out 某物用完了(没有了) 26.rely on/upon 依靠,信赖;取决于 27.rely on it that 指望,对不怀疑 28.get rid of =ridof 摆脱,丢掉;除去,赶走,消灭 29.with + 复合宾语结构,常用的结构形式有: with+宾语+现在分词(强调宾语是现在分词动作 的发出者或某状态、动作正在进行) with+宾语+过去分词(强调宾语是过去分词动作 的承受者或动作已经发生) with+宾语+形容词(强调宾语的特性和状态) with+宾语+副词 with+宾语+不定式(不定式动作尚未发生) with+宾语+介词短语 30.place an order 订购 31.carry out an operation 做手术 32.be optimistic about .对乐观的 33.be optimistic that 对乐观 34.in shape 处于良好状态,在形状上 35.in the shape of 以.形状;呈形 36.out of shape 变形,走样 37.look out of 向外看 38.look out！ 小心，当心 Watch out! ; Be careful! Take care! 39.for a start 首先 40.to start with = to begin with 首先, 第一 41.from the start = from the beginning 从开头, 从开始 42.on the way out 即将被淘汰; 即将过时 43.on the way n./pron./to doing 即将,来到,接近 44.canttoo 或 nevertoo “不可能太.”, “再怎么.也不过分” 45.Not all=Allnot 并非所有的 Module 2 1.be on display 展览 be on show be on exhibition 2.permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 3.permit doing sth 允许做某事 4.provide sb with sth 为某人提供某物 provide sth for sb 5.sth impress sb 某物给某人留下影响 sb be impressed by 6.impress sth on sb 使某人铭记 = impress sb with sth 7.sth is impressed on ones mind 某事被印在脑海里 8.have/leave/make/ a impression on sb 给某人留下的印象 9.be convenient to sb 对某人方便 10.It is convenient for sb 对某人方便 11.It is convenient to do sth 做某事方便 12.be convenient for sth 对某事方便 13.get around=get about 到处旅游; 四处走动 14.be connected to/with 与相连, 接通 15.be stuck in 困住,动不了 16.get dressed 穿衣 get washed 洗脸 get lost 迷路 get married 结婚 get charged 充电 get separated 被分散 17.in no time 马上,一会儿 18.on time 按时 in time 及时 19.once upon a time 从前 20.at the same time 与此同时 at one time 曾经, 一度,从前有个时期 at no time 决不,在任何时候都不 21.be worth doing 值得做 be worth + n. = be worthy of + n sth. is worth doing = sth is worthy of being done = sth is worthy to be done 22.“祈使句 + and +简单句”可以改为 if 条件句 Think hard, and youll have an idea. 使劲想，你就 会有主意。 = ? 23.“祈使句 + or +简单句”也可以改为 if 条件句 Listen to me, or you wont understand. = ? 24.under construction 正在建设之中 25.be limited to 局限于 26.in rush hours 处于交通高峰期 27.react to 对产生反应 react with sth. 与某物起（化学）反应 28.occur to sb (主意或想法突然)浮现与脑中, 被想起,被想到 29.It occurs to sb to do sth 某人想到 It occurs to sb that 30.have sth done 请别人做某事 31.keep cool 保持冷静 keep quiet 保持安静 keep still 不动 keep silent 保持沉默 32.no way 肯定不, 没门儿 （用于句首时，句子要倒装） Module 3 1.vary in 在方面不同 2.vary fromto 从到变化 3.vary with 随着.而变化,因.而不同 4.involve sb in 允许某人参与 5.involve oneself in 积极参与 6.be/get involved in 被卷入到.之中 7.more than 不仅仅 more than 100 = over 100 , 超过 100 more than surprised 十分/非常 吃惊 more than 与其说不如说(强调前者) He was more an artist than a writer. 8.on guard (保持)警惕;值班,站岗 9.on holiday 度假 on leave 休班 on duty 值班 10.hold up 举起,抬起,承受住,支撑 11.hold back 阻挡 hold on 等会儿, 坚持 hold down 限制 hold out 维持 12.give away 泄露,出卖,暴露,让步,赠送,捐赠 13.give off 发出(烟、光、热、气味等) 14.give out 发出;放出(消息、声音等);用完,耗尽 15.mind reader 能看透别人心思的人 16.make a deal 达成协议,做成交易 17.communicate with sb 和某人交流 18.be busy with sth 忙于某事 19.shake hands with sb 和某人握手 20.stare at sb/sth 注视着某人/某物 21.stare into the distance 凝视着远方 22.request sb to do sth 要求某人做某事 23.request that sb (should) do 要求某人做某事 24.make a request for 要求 25.at the request of sb 应某人的请求 = at sbs request 26.by request(of) 按要求 27.do sb a favour 帮某人一个忙 28.ask sb a favour 请某人帮个忙 29.in favour of 赞成 30.do sb a favor = do a favor for sb 帮某人的忙 31.lift up 举起;太高;吊起 32.up and down 上上下下 up and down 前前后后 = back and forth = backwards and forwards up and down 处处 = here and there up and down 来来往往 = to and from 33.by accident 偶然地,无意地 Module 4 1.experiment with sth. 用某物实验 2.experiment on sth. 对某物进行实验 3.carry out perform conduct an experiment 做实验 do make 4.make a breakthrough 取得重大突破(进展) 5.convert A into/to B 把 A 转换成 B 6.take the place of = replace 取代,代替 7.in place of 取代,代替(介词短语) 8.instead of 代替,而不是(介词短语) 9.a quantity of + 不可数名词,谓语动词用单数 10.quantities of+可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数 quantities of+不可数名词,谓语动词用复数 11.bring up 抚育;教养,呕吐,提出(话题等) 12.bring down 降低 bring about 导致,引起 bring back 归还;恢复;回想 bring in 赚(钱);带进;传入 13.search for 寻找 14.search sb/sp 搜查某人或某地 15.in search of 寻求/寻找 16.as a result of 由于的结果 as a result 因此,结果 17.owing to thanks to 由于 due to because of 18.the key to 的关键 the answer to the question 问题的答案 notes to the text 课文注释 an end to the meeting 会议的结束 the entrance to the building 大厦的入口 19.export sth to 出口某物到 20.the second most important 第二重要的 21.be interested in 对感兴趣 22.graduate from 从(地方)毕业 23.escape from (out of)+sp. 从某地逃脱;逃走 escape from reality 逃避现实 24.have a narrow escape 九死一生 25.a fire escape 紧急出口;安全门 26.clear up (天气)放晴;整理;收拾 27.be known for 因而出名/闻名 be known an 以而知名,著称 be known to 为所知 28. earn ones living 谋生 = make a living get/gain a living 谋生 比较：live/lead alife 过着的生活 29.come to power 掌权;执政 30.take power 取得政权 in power 当权,执政 out of ones power 不能胜任,力所不及 = beyond ones power 31.It is possible that. 可能 32.Its certain that. 一定. =sb/sth is certain to do Its certain that youll succeed. = ? 33.Its likely that 可能 =sb/sth is likely to do Its likely that he is doing his homework. = ？ 34.It seems that 好像 =sb/sth seems to do It seems that he knows the secret. =? 35. at war 在交战中 36. be diagnosed with 被诊断出, 患有 37. become the voice of 成为的代言人 38. partly because of 一部分因为 Module 5 1.surround sb with sb 用某人包围某人 be surrounded by sb 被某人所包围 in the surrounding 在周围环境 2.a narrow escape 九死一生 3.in the distance 在远处,在远方 from a distance 从一定距离,从远处 at a distance 在一定距离处,隔一段距离 keep sb at a distance 对某人冷淡; 与某人保持距离 4.at the edge of 在的边缘（侧重于在边 缘点上） on the edge of 在边缘上（侧重在边缘较 广阔的地域） 5.at least = at the least 至少 6.not in the least = not all 一点也不 7.at most = at the most 至多 8.be heavy with 有大量的 9.make a detour 绕道而行 10.have four weeks off 休四周假 11.go through 穿过;经历 12.forbid sb to do sth 禁止某人做某事 13.forbid doing sth 禁止做某事 14.require to do sth 要求去做某事 15.require sb to do sth 要求某人去做某事 16.require that sb (should) do sth 要求某人做某事 17.sth require doing 某物需要被做 = sth require to be done 18.on a spot 在现场,当场 19.rip off 敲竹杠;敲诈 20.rip sth off 偷窃,盗取 21.get a kick out of 从中得到乐趣 22.enjoy doing 喜欢干 23.be fond of 喜欢 24.go in for 爱好,从事 Module 6 1.attack sb with sth 用某物攻击某人 2.be attacked with a disease 患/害病 3.make an attack on/upon 对发动攻击 4.a heart attack 心脏病突发 5.come into existence 开始存在;形成;成立 6.a struggle for existence 生存竞争 7.calm down (使)安静下来 8.sb. is unlikely to 某人不可能 9.It is unlikely that 不可能 be likely to. 可能 10.be related to 与有关,与有联系 11.relate sth to sth 把与联系起来 12.There happens to be 碰巧有 13.There appears to be 似乎有 14.There seems to be 好像有 15.have the fortune (luck) to do sth 幸好(幸运)做某事 16.make a fortune 发财 17.try ones fortune 碰碰运气 18.die out (家族、物种)灭绝;灭亡; (习俗等)渐渐消失 (火)逐渐熄灭 19.throw light on 帮助弄清楚;阐明某事 20.come to light 暴露,被发现,表现出来 21.bring to light 让人知道,公布于世 22.come straight to the point 谈正题;开门见山 23.beside/off the point 不切正题,无关紧要 24.to the point 切题,中肯 25.be on the point of 正要 26.go for 适用于,应用于;喜欢,偏爱 27.adapt oneself to 使自己适应于 28.according to 根据 29.be connected with 与有关系 30.in order to = so as to 为了 本模块重点语法 一 情态动词 + have + p.p. 用法归纳 1.must have done sth. 肯定做了某事 (表示对过去的某事做出肯定的判断) He knew the film. He must have seen it. 2. may/might have done 可