Business English Correspondence in the Role of Foreign Trade 英语专业毕业论文.doc

business english correspondence in the role of foreign tradecontentsabstract: 1 key words:1 一、 the characteristics2 （一）、language standardization2 （二）、 simple content3 （三）、courtesy3 （四）、 formats4 （五）、clarity5 （六）、 consideration5 (七）、courtesy5 （八）、statement be expressed effective5 （九）、use of simple sentences6 二、text features6 （一）、writing format liberalization6 （二）、the ritual function is formal8 （三）、the information transmission function8 （四）、cultural features9 三、pay attention to9 （一）、cultural background9（二）、potential customers10（三）、 minimize the use of negation10（四）、specification format11 conclusion11 references12摘要：商务英语函电作为商务活动交流的一种重要方式在国际商务交际中起着重要的作用。掌握好书写外贸函电的原则和技巧，是进行成功交易的基础。随着国际贸易竞争日渐激烈,商务活动日益频繁,商务函电随之显现其重要作用。本文从商务英语函电的作用、语篇等来谈其文体特征,并为商务英语函电的撰写提出建议,目的是为让了让所有从事外贸业务的人员能充分掌握商务英语函电的特点，理解商务英语函电在对外贸易中的作用，从而促进经济的发展。关键词：商务英语函电 原则 简洁 礼貌abstract as an important of communication, business english correspondence plays an important role in international business trade. to master the principles and skills of writing business letters is the foundation for successful transactions. with the increasingly competitive in the international trade, business activities have become increasingly frequent,. business english correspondence becomes more and more important in this paper, to promote the development of economy, thats come to talk about the discourse and its important of business english correspondence to anomalies its stylistic features.keywords: business english correspondence; principle ;simple;courtesy;introduction:at present, the economy of china and the world trade is increasingly frequently. business english is the international business activities, business english is not only a universal language in the international business activities with a special purpose, but also an important tool in the foreign economic activities. so business english correspondence has become an important major media. for communicating 、conducting business and establishing friendly cooperative relations between the countries and other important business activities. with the acceleration of world economic integration, the international business cooperation is increasing. after join sing the world trade organization, economic exchanges with other members is also increasing frequently, foreign economic trade and technological cooperation developed rapidly. with the growing international trade and development, business english correspondence in todays world trade flourish, is essential for international business contacts that means all aspects of foreign trade conducted mostly through correspondence. from the establishment of business relations to the deal, the implementation of the contract, and in the process of implementation of the contract disputes, mostly through letters and telegrams are resolved. thus, the modern international trade is also known as document trade. operation in international trade practice, trade exchanges between the various links of all correspondence constitutes an important legal basis. particularly when the trade disputes arise, it is possible to resolve about the results. international trade is increasingly dependent on the process of exchanging documents, the center role of business english correspondence is an increasingly significant. therefore, anomalies the language means and skills can promote the smooth development of business activities to promote business cooperation and reached the final trade.一、 the characteristics of foreign trade english correspondence（一）language standardization with the increasing foreign trade, of the language of business correspondence are more and more standardize, not only requires words, syntax, grammar, spelling and punctuation norms out of habit, and the terms of various business activities in restraint laws, regulations and practices use, there are more clearly defined.（二） simple contentbusiness correspondence is written a vivid, concrete and clear, especially to make clear response to demand letter, or reply to the request or other communication problems, or offer, promise, to write clearly, plainly .there is no hard to learn of the department, so that the recipient will not be misunderstood to write after seeing people trying to say, the text as little as possible and clearly enough to show the meaning of the expression.（三）courtesy write to rational and restrained, well-behaved, not arrogant, or rude to avoid the command. be reasonable manner, appropriately refined, not only to respect international trade practices safeguard the national interests, but also understand to take each others demands wishes and feelings into account. focuses on positive, certainly about the problem, try to avoid negative about the problems.（四） format as “habit in the long term of the development of foreign trade, international practice gradually formed and acceptedbusiness letters with its unique format, commonly used business terms, the rich trade terms, fixed formulas and abbreviations formed a unique correspondence style, and with a strong business color. its vitality is linked with the actual business activities, their language forms, language specification and so must be for specific business services, words used for the convention, in line with international practice, recognized and accepted by business people around the world.二、 writing features of business english correspondence:（一）correctnessthe content of business letters has a direct interest relation between both parties benefits, so in order to avoiding some unnecessary trouble, the expression of meaning would have to complete and accurate, even the punctuation. （二）concisenessto be accurate, thoughtful premise, applied for at least of the expression and the true meaning of the text can not be prolix.（三）completeness the business letter should be include all the necessary items,. for example, the invitation letter should indicate the time, place, etc .never to send ambiguous letters.letter to explain the matters should to be specific and clear; particular attention will need to reply or other impact on the content of bilateral relations.（四）courtesyto master the polite, decent way of expression, in order to help both sides to maintain good relations. his politeness principles, including six courtesy guidelines: 1, policy guidelines: damage to others at least, to the greatest benefit of others; 2, tolerance criteria. policy guidelines and courtesy guidelines are most fundamental criteria; strategy is not polite, courteous language strategy implies the use of language. communicative activities in the business people will inevitably make their own trade links requests and suggestions, hoping the other party to embrace. politeness strategies and from the generous standards of view, to the other party may request the other party actually suffered losses, so pay special attention to the wording of the language, choose the appropriate sentence to express our demands, otherwise it may be subject to refused. 3. recognition criteria: try to narrow derogatory to others, try to exaggerate the praise of others, modesty standards require as much praised to teach other, reducing each others derogatory. under the guidance of its principles, business writing is usually polite to take a little skill, highlighting the others standard, reflecting respect for otherness. be placed in each others positions, fully consider each others interests, needs, desires, understand the situation, truly respect, understanding, praise each other, to avoid the high pride. 4, modesty (modesty maxim): try to narrow their own praise, try to exaggerate their impairment; 5, agreed criteria (agreement maxim): try to narrow the differences between themselves and others, try to exaggerate the consistency between the self and others endorsed the criteria required to minimize their differences as much as possible. in business dealings, the inevitable differences of the two sides, such as refusing the others offer, return each others orders, claims and so on. these situations are unavoidable, also pass to the other negative information, because such information is likely to involve accusations, insults to each other produces the possibility of writing so to pay attention to language, to select the type to ease restrictions on words or less smooth fuzzy euphemism of expression, decline with thanks. 6, sympathy criteria: try to reduce their aversion to others, try to exaggerate their own compassion for others. leach made in the six guidelines, policy guidelines and norms of tolerance, recognition criteria and modest criteria were paired, and if one word follows, then it must also follow the guidelines for another one.（五）claritythe meaning of expression must be clear ,avoid using uncommon words and phrases to confuse，sentence concise capable ,effective place expression , statement structure simple primarily, little uses the compound sentence .（六）considerationwriting a letter should consider others point of view and respect for each other, rather than starting from their own. for example: you earn 2 percent discount when you pay cash. we will send you the brochure next month. is better than “we allow 2 percent discount for cash payment. we wont be able to send you the brochure this month. we can try to thinking by standing in others position .this way would help you easy access to each others identity.（七）courtesythe expression should be polite. timely reply is politeness. be reasonable manner, appropriately refined, not only to respect international trade practices, but also safeguard the national interests, at the same time, take the others requirements 、wishes and feelings into account . try to avoid t negative talking about the problems .for example: we have received with many thanks your letter of 20 may, and we take the pleasure of sending you our latest catalog. we wish to draw your attention to a special offer which we have made in it. you will be particularly interested in a special offer on page 5 of the latest catalog enclosed, which you requested in your letter of 20 may.（八）statement condensed elite, sought to express and effectiveconcise statement is lean and effective choice of words expression of concise, grammatically correct, use appropriately. the same word in different registers in different stylistic effects. if we are in a position to offer you 50 long tons of tins foil sheets. (we can report to your 50-ton aluminum foil), offer translation opened, offer has business characteristics of english language and fine secluded style of writing which is different from its literal meaning. our order is subject to your acceptance of our terms of payments by d/p.（our acceptance of your order with payment by the conditions i subject) in the subject to is the condition . was intended.（九）statement structure to complex long sentences with little use of simple sentencesclause sets of clauses of the dendrites structure common, often only after a row a few lines to an end. however, for such a complex and lengthy sentences, as long as a careful analysis of the original text and translation of dynamic equivalence theory, be able to properly translate the original, so that the conception of the audience asked a clear understanding of the original in order to obtain more accurate feelings. 例如：any controversy under this contract or arising between the parties or out of or for breach of or in relation to this contract sha11 be determined by arbitration to be held in the city of new york pursuant to the arbitration law of the state of new york and under the rules of the american arbitration association. this is a common international trade arbitration clause. any controversy in the sentence after the continuous use of the five prepositional phrases, the five prepositional phrases are used to modify and limit the controversy at the same time, and for such a complex sentence, the translation must first straighten out the statement that the level of components and their relationships, contact the context, accurately grasp the connotation of words, accurately grasp the context meanings according to the characteristics of chinese sentence dynamically reconstruct the original message. to any other parties or both, or breach of or related to this contract dispute, by arbitration under the auspices of the united states on the new york arbitration law decision.三、text features：（一）writing format liberalizationbusiness correspondence official letter, format, a variety of its writing style, professional style, simple style and solemnity. correspondence format liberalization is mainly embodied in the letter head, calling the letter addresses language and so on. business contacts with both the increase in trade and trade relations to strengthen mutual understanding and communication between the more in-depth, personal letters the contents of the trend of infiltration, which also contributed to the liberalization of its format.simplicity of language style: in the process of writing business correspondence, in addition to changes due to the liberalization of concise format, the simplicity of their language use also of the. on the one hand, those polite correspondence should be omitted, the extra point to negotiate directly discourse theme, mainly for concise, easy to read on the other hand, electronic data interchange, telegram and other terms and phrases used are so simple of a language style. business english is an important genre of international trade activities, involving consultation purchase, replies and quotations, subscription and confirmation, insurance, packing, transportation, letter of credit and other payment methods, and processing of complaints, agency and other international affairs and trade all links. translation errors occur, such as correspondence, will inevitably lead to the almost error opportunities both misunderstanding. the high quality of translation is to achieve win-win effect. based on business discourse analysis, there are four main features of business english correspondence.one purpose of function business english is usually around a specific business purpose written. through the facts, the column data, reason to persuade the other party to accept the partys offer or counteroffer, the parties agreed on the payment, shipping, insurance and other matters of policy, take measures to compensate for the other reasons to bring this fangled yi damage, etc. in business english letters often appear. to achieve this, writer must pay attention to speaking skills, not straight to the point, should give each other some leeway, more tactful tone, standing on each others point of view the problem as far as possible, between the lines reflects the interests and difficulties of each others concern and proposed positive solution to the other side willing to take cooperative measures progress, which is commonly known as the adoption of your point of view. this requires the translator to letters of representation in the translation of these intentions, in order to achieve cooperation, and realize the value of translation. as the goods you ordered have been ready. please let us know when we can expect to receive the covering l/c, upon receipt of which, we will effect shipment without delay. sir 1: set your goods have been ready, please let us know as soon as possible to open your letter of credit for a specific time delivery. mr. 2: we want you all ready; please let us know in the end when you can receive credit. we ship after receipt of the letter of credit the translation of the wording and the two pragmatic effect there is great difference, asked two sides stressed the everything humanly possible and indifferent to each other, between the lines reveals the meaning of blame, may give the other side brought displeasure and refuse to take positive action; asked one not blame the other party does not act, but once again patiently convey objective goods are ready message, and reveal each others cooperative behavior on the expectations, promises to bring bilateral cooperation will benefit both sides.（二）the ritual function of communication ordinary correspondence compared business english correspondence courtesy level higher stylistic more formalsuch as a letter to the other side as your, favor, your esteemed letter, your friendly note and so on, and issued their own letter as this latter, these lines, the present, our letter and so on. often use the formatting language. such as: we are pleased to inform you that our business . we have pleasure in announcing that . almost classical style is the translation of the common style of correspondence, such as we take this opportunity to inform you that we are now in apposition to make prompt shipment of the merchandise. zip informs you, shipment of the goods can be immediate. as soon as we received your specific inquire, we will cable your quotation upon receipt of your specific inquiry, we will offer cable. zip access once, and so rigorous classical body reflects the solemn style of letters, was widely used. （三）、the information transmission function in the transmission of business information to avoid misunderstandings, reduce information processing time is critical. thus, a series of busines