ERP企业资源计划(PPT 37)英文.ppt

1、TSL School of Business and Information Technology Dr. Zhonghui Ouyang,2006年4月,Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) 企业资源计划,2020/10/18,2,推荐教材和参考书： ERP应用教程，许建钢、王新玲、张清华、武兴兵、周晓红等，电子工业出版社2004年1月出版 ERP 原理.设计.实施(第2版)，罗鸿 王忠民，电子工业出版社2004年6月出版； Maximizing Your ERP System: A Practical Guide for Managers, Scott Ha

2、milton, McGraw-Hill,The Position of ERP in Your 4YR Study,A type courses,Economics,Biz English,Management,HR,Behavior of Consumer,Accounting,Market,B2B,TSBITs Graduate Student,B2C,SCM,CRM,ERP,Electronic Commerce,Linear Algebra,Calculus,SeCM,Graduate Schools,Public Sectors,Companies,Business,Informat

3、ion,2020/10/18,4,The Position of ERP Within CIP,Comprehensive Information Platform (CIP, 大信息平台）,Electronic Commerce (EC, 电子商务）,PDM,OA (办公自动化）,MIS (管理信息系统）,3C (CAD/CAPP/CAE）,ERP,CRM,SeCM,SCM,KNOWLEDGE BASE,B2C,B2B,B2G,B2M,2020/10/18,5,Chapter 2: The Formation of ERP Theory (ERP理论的形成) 2.1 Basic MRP (基

4、本MRP) 2.2 Closed-loop MRP (闭环MRP)* 2.3 Manufacturing resource planning （MRP-II） (制造资源计划)* 2.4 Enterprise Resource Planning（ERP）(企业资源计划)* Chapter 3: Basic Concepts (基本概念) 3.1 Item number (物料编码 ) 3.2 Bill of Materials（BOM）(物料清单) * 3.3 Work Center（工作中心） 3.4 Lead Time and Planning Expectation (提前期与计划展望期

5、 ) 3.5 Routing (工艺路线) 3.6 Independent Demand and Dependent Demand (独立需求与相关需求) 3.7 Shop Calendar (工作日历),Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) (Week 1),2020/10/18,6,Chapter 2: The Formation of ERP Theory (ERP理论的形成),60s: Safe inventory (to meet the req. between requirement and order lead time) 70s: Materi

6、al requirements planning (MRP) 80s: Closed-loop MRP (闭环MRP) 80s: Control production and inventory - Manufacturing resource planning (MRP-II) 90s: Enterprise Resource Planning（ERP） 00s: Union Resource Planning (URP) or Comprehensive Information Platform (CIP, 大信息平台）,2.0 Formation History of ERP,2020/

7、10/18,7,Chapter 2: The Formation of ERP Theory (ERP理论的形成),2.1 Basic MRP (基本MRP),What is MRP? MRP calculates and maintains an optimum manufacturing plan based on master production schedules, sales forecasts, inventory status, open orders and bills of material Computerized Inventory Control Production

8、 Planning System Management Information System Manufacturing Control System,2020/10/18,8,Chapter 2: The Formation of ERP Theory (ERP理论的形成),2.1 Basic MRP (基本MRP),When to use MRP Job Shop Production Complex Products Assemble-to-Order Environments Discrete and Dependent Demand Items 中国最大的资料库下载,2020/10/

9、18,9,Chapter 2: The Formation of ERP Theory (ERP理论的形成),2.1 Basic MRP (基本MRP),Reduce Inventory Levels Reduce Component Shortages Improve Shipping Performance Improve Customer Service Improve Productivity Simplified and Accurate Scheduling,Reduce Purchasing Cost Improve Production Schedules Reduce Man

10、ufacturing Cost Reduce Lead Times Less Scrap and Rework Higher Production Quality,What can MRP do?,2020/10/18,10,Chapter 2: The Formation of ERP Theory (ERP理论的形成),2.1 Basic MRP (基本MRP),What can MRP do?,Improve Communication Improve Plant Efficiency Reduce Freight Cost Reduction in Excess Inventory,R

11、educe Overtime Improve Supply Schedules Improve Calculation of Material Requirements Improve Competitive Position,2020/10/18,11,Chapter 2: The Formation of ERP Theory (ERP理论的形成),2.1 Basic MRP (基本MRP),Three Basic Steps of MRP,Identifying Requirements Running MRP Creating the Suggestions Firming the S

12、uggestions,2020/10/18,12,Chapter 2: The Formation of ERP Theory (ERP理论的形成),2.1 Basic MRP (基本MRP),Step 1: Identifying the Requirements,Quantity on Hand Quantity on Open Purchase Order Quantity in/or Planned for Manufacturing Quantity Committed to Existing Orders Quantity Forecasted,2020/10/18,13,Chap

13、ter 2: The Formation of ERP Theory (ERP理论的形成),2.1 Basic MRP (基本MRP),Step 1: Important InformationMRP is.,Company Sensitive Location Sensitive Date Sensitive,2020/10/18,14,Chapter 2: The Formation of ERP Theory (ERP理论的形成),2.1 Basic MRP (基本MRP),Step 2: Running MRP Creating the Suggestions,Critical Ite

14、ms Expedite Items Delay Items,2020/10/18,15,Chapter 2: The Formation of ERP Theory (ERP理论的形成),2.1 Basic MRP (基本MRP),Step 3: Firming the Suggestions,Manufacturing Orders Purchasing Orders Various Reports,2020/10/18,16,Overview of the MRP System,Product Structure File,Master Production Schedule,Invent

15、ory Master File,Material Requirements Planning,Manufacturing Orders,Purchase Orders,Various Reports,2020/10/18,17,Chapter 2: The Formation of ERP Theory (ERP理论的形成),2.1 Basic MRP (基本MRP),MRP Inputs,Product Structure File Master Production Schedule Inventory Master File,2020/10/18,18,Chapter 2: The Fo

16、rmation of ERP Theory (ERP理论的形成),2.1 Basic MRP (基本MRP),Product Structure File,Bill of Materials,2020/10/18,19,Chapter 2: The Formation of ERP Theory (ERP理论的形成),2.1 Basic MRP (基本MRP),Master Production Schedule,Schedule of Finished Products Represents Production, not Demand Combination of Customer Ord

17、ers and Demand Forecasts What Needs to be Produced,2020/10/18,20,Chapter 2: The Formation of ERP Theory (ERP理论的形成),2.1 Basic MRP (基本MRP),Inventory Master File,On-Hand Quantities On-Order Quantities Lot Sizes Safety Stock Lead Time Past-Usage Figures,2020/10/18,21,Chapter 2: The Formation of ERP Theo

18、ry (ERP理论的形成),MRP Process,Schedules the Production of all items using an MRP Matrix,2020/10/18,22,Chapter 2: The Formation of ERP Theory (ERP理论的形成) 2.1 Basic MRP (基本MRP) 2.2 Closed-loop MRP (闭环MRP)* 2.3 Manufacturing resource planning （MRP-II） (制造资源计划)* 2.4 Enterprise Resource Planning（ERP）(企业资源计划)*

19、 Chapter 3: Basic Concepts (基本概念) 3.1 Item number (物料编码 ) 3.2 Bill of Materials（BOM）(物料清单) * 3.3 Work Center（工作中心） 3.4 Lead Time and Planning Expectation (提前期与计划展望期 ) 3.5 Routing (工艺路线) 3.6 Independent Demand and Dependent Demand (独立需求与相关需求) 3.7 Shop Calendar (工作日历),Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP

20、) (Week 1),2020/10/18,23,Chapter 3: Basic Concepts (基本概念),3.1 Item number (物料编码 ),Figure 1.,Figure 2.,Tech Info of Material Inventory Info of Material Plan Management Info of Material Procurement Management Info of Material Sales Management Info of Material Financial Management Info of Material Qual

21、ity Management Info of Material.,2020/10/18,24,Chapter 3: Basic Concepts (基本概念),3.2 Bill of Materials（BOM）(物料清单),The basic info of MRP, the bridge between MPS and MRP The routing can be the total routing of production based on BOM The backflushing inventory of JIT, 100% accurate is necessary The bas

22、ic info for contracting project The basic info for shop material The basic info for cost calculation The basic info for selling price,2020/10/18,25,Chapter 3: Basic Concepts (基本概念),3.2 Bill of Materials（BOM）(物料清单),2020/10/18,26,Chapter 3: Basic Concepts (基本概念),3.2 Bill of Materials（BOM）(物料清单),Contra

23、ctors,MPS,Cost info,Inventory info,BOM,Routing,Prod materials,MRP,Sales price,Relationship between BOM and other dada,2020/10/18,27,Chapter 3: Basic Concepts (基本概念),3.5 Routing (工艺路线),A routing is an order set of operations that are carried out to produce a material. For example, the operations for

24、assemble a bicycle might be setting up 2 tires into frame, installing saddle, etc. The operation is a resource consumer that necessary time and cost is recorded in the operation. Each operation of routing is operated in work center and consumes its capacities.,2020/10/18,28,Chapter 3: Basic Concepts

25、 (基本概念),3.3 Work Center（工作中心）,A work center contains a set of capacities that are required to perform an operation concurrently. The category of capacity can be Labor or Machine. Contrary to the operation, capacity category is a resource provider that average available time and processing formula is

26、 assigned to calculate their necessary processing time.,2020/10/18,29,Chapter 3: Basic Concepts (基本概念),3.4 Lead Time and Planning Expectation (提前期与计划展望期 ),Lead time is the time between the decision to start a project and the completion of the work.Lead time can be categorized as: Lead time for prepa

27、ring production Lead time for procurement Lead time for production Lead time for configuration Cumulative lead time = 1) + 2) + 3) + 4) Total lead time is the life cycle of the production (design, preparing, production, configuration, test, out of shop, etc),2020/10/18,30,Chapter 3: Basic Concepts (

28、基本概念),3.6 Independent Demand and Dependent Demand (独立需求与相关需求),Inventory can be classified in two ways: independent demand inventory, which is not dependent on other components; dependent demand inventory, which covers items or components used in the assembly of final products. Dependent demand inven

29、tory can be managed by use of materials requirement planning. MRP relies on production plans to propose a timetable for when materials orders are required. Consequently the resulting stocks of materials depend on a known demand. The MRP inventory control system requires a great deal of information a

30、bout components and products and is therefore computerised. The main information comes from three files: the master production schedule, the bill of materials and inventory records.,2020/10/18,31,Chapter 3: Basic Concepts (基本概念),3.7 Shop Calendar (工作日历),Shop calendar is also called as production cal

31、endar due to its relationship with production. Production date Vacation date Equipment testing Shop calendar needs info on: code of the shop, code for WC, date, status, available days, cumulative available days,2020/10/18,32,Q&A Thanks!,2020/10/18,33,Chapter 2: The Formation of ERP Theory (ERP理论的形成)

32、,60s: Safe inventory (to meet the req. between requirement and order lead time),Safe inventory,Order point,Max inventory,Lead time,Materials consuming speed,2020/10/18,34,Chapter 2: The Formation of ERP Theory (ERP理论的形成),80s: Closed-loop MRP (闭环MRP),REQ INFO OF PROD PLANNING,MASTER PRODUCTION SCHEDULE,ROUGH-CUT CAPACITY PLANNING,MATERIAL REQ PLANNING,CAPACITY REQ