Stylistic Features of Poetry.pptx

1、Stylistic Features of Poetry,20091101104 游晓玲 20091151113 朱一舟 20091151115 李华一,5 parts,Musical Quality Rhetorics Diction Foregrounding and Deviation Chinese Poetry b And musing there an hour alone, a I dreamed that Greece might still be free; b For standing on the Persians grave, c I could not deem my

2、self a slave. c iambic tetrameter 炙热而火辣的言语激励着希腊人民为反抗土耳其的奴役和争取民族解放而斗争,声声慢-李清照,寻寻觅觅，冷冷清清，凄凄惨惨戚戚。乍暖还寒时候，最难将息。三杯两盏淡酒，怎敌他、晚来风急！雁过也，正伤心，却是旧时相识。 满地黄花堆积，憔悴损，如今有谁堪摘！守著窗儿，独自怎生得黑！梧桐更兼细雨，到黄昏、点点滴滴。这次第，怎一个愁字了得！ 九对叠词，双声叠韵，哀怨之情油然而生，成就一曲千古绝唱,Rhetorics,Common rhetorics in poetry: Repetition Hyperbole Parallel structu

3、re Metaphor/Simile Oxymoron Rhetorical question Metonymy illusion Etc.,One Word is Too Often Profaned -Percy Bysshe Shelley,ONE word is too often profaned For me to profane it, One feeling too falsely disdaind For thee to disdain it. One hope is too like despair For prudence to smother, And Pity fro

4、m thee more dear Than that from another. 重复出现的这些词给人以更深刻的印象，同时声音的回荡能产生一种愉悦和谐的音响效果,沙扬娜拉-徐志摩,最是那一低头的温柔， 像一朵水莲花不胜凉风的娇羞， 道一声珍重，道一声珍重， 那一声珍重里有蜜甜的忧愁 沙扬娜拉！ 比喻要抓住相似性，徐捕捉到女人与花在情态和神韵上的相似性（温柔，娇羞），再融入拟人手法（花有娇羞的神态），造成了花是人人是花香色俱美的画面，生动活泼足以让读者所有感觉瞬间打开,Diction,Concrete and General Formal and Informal Denotation and

5、Connotation,General and Concrete,Particularity is a highly valued quality in poetry For Ezra Pound-poets should go in fear of abstraction T.S. Eliot appreciates poetry which can represent thoughts as directly as the odour of a rose W.C. Williams tries to catch the “thingness” of objects No matter wh

6、at depth a poem has , or how profound its thoughts are, it will need to communicate them through physical details and solid objects,Formal and Informal,Traditional belief-poetry should have a special vocabulary In the English neoclassical period(the 18th century), “poetic diction” led many poets to

7、exclude common and everyday words from their work. They would prefer to use words which are noble, dignified or of a general significance.,Sheep? -No ! Fleecy care -Right ! Wine?-not noble enough! Bacchus(罗马神话中的酒神巴克斯)-Bingo! God rest his soul?-Not dignified! Eternal blessings on his shade attend-Goo

8、d ! Uncork the bottle and pour out the wineNo！ Apply time engine to the spongy door Set Bacchus from his glassy prison free.-OMG！,Formal and Informal,In the Romantic period(the 19th century), Williams Wordsworth proposes to use common speech Early 20th century English poetry has made another attempt

9、 to break the shackles of the “poetical ” and to bring poetry yet closer to common speech Today, poets almost have no restrictions on what words they use.,Linguists have found at least 4 levels of usage according to the degree of formality: vulgate, colloquial , general English and formal English No

10、 one level is exclusively proper for poetry One can not blame the author of Paradise Lost for being formal, dignified and Latinate Nor can we censure the author of the “Lucy poems” for using common speech actually used by men in their everyday life.,Miltons epic on heaven and hell requires a grand s

11、tyle and Wordsworths description of the country girls life and death requires a more homely diction.,Denotation and Connotation,Denotation: a words dictionary definition Connotation: a words suggestions and associations Skeletonsupporting structure of an animal or its bony framework. death, war, pai

12、n, disease and anatomy A used car-the car was owed by someone before the car is dirty , old and full of engine problems,More examples on connotation,Home -comfort, safety, warmth and shelter Maiden-purity , beauty and innonence Knight-braveness, nobleness,Foregrounding and Deviation,Foregrounding(前景

13、化)： To foreground is to bring something into prominence, to make it dominant in perception. - A Glossary of Literary Terms foregrounding是文学，音乐，绘画中常用的术语，指将一种具有文学，艺术价值的东西前景化，或从背景中突出的技巧 -英语文体分析,The language is a set of rules , and foregrounding is to violate this set of rules. It is a deviation( 偏离) fo

14、r arts sake. Deviation is relative. The common language used in poetry is deviated from the poetry language, but from another perspective, the poetic language used in colloquial language is also deviated from colloquial language.,诗歌通过偏离正常的语言来表现朦胧，跌宕的情意和别出心裁的构思。在短小的篇幅中密集的偏离冲击读者的听觉和视觉，以期产生奇特效果。,Deviat

15、ion,词汇偏离 书写偏离 语法偏离 图形效果,词汇偏离-Love is More thicker than Forget by E.E.Cummings,Love is more thicker than forget More thinner than recall More seldom than a wave is wet More frequent than to fail It is most mad and moonly And less it shall unbe Than all the sea which only Is deeper than the sea Love i

16、s less always than to win Less never than alive Less bigger than the least begin Less littler than forgive It is most sane and sunly And more it cannot die Than all the sky which only Is higher than the sky,书写偏离-40-Love by Roger McGough,40-Love Middle aged couple playing ten- nis when the Game ends

17、and they go home the net will still be be Tween them,The Red Wheelbarrow by William Carlos Williams,so much depends upon a red wheel Barrow glazed with rain water beside the white chickens.,语法偏离-温庭筠商山早行,鸡声茅店月，人迹板桥霜 连用了六个名词，故意不用任何动词和系词，省俭地勾画出拂晓时分乡村景象，也突出了晨行之早，用语精炼不同凡响,图形效果,A Christmas Tree-威廉鲍福德,Star

18、, If you are A love compassionate, You will walk with us this year We face a glacial distance, who are here Huddled At your feet,Comparison between Chinese and English poem,Similarity,English modern poem concept is influenced a lot by Chinese ancient poems, they are both connotative, emotional and t

19、erse(精练的), sometimes their moods are similar, too.,陶渊明 饮酒 The Lake Isle of Innisfree by William Butler Yeats,饮酒,结庐在人境，而无车马喧。 问君何能尔，心远地自偏。 采菊东篱下，悠然见南山。 山气日夕佳，飞鸟相与还。 此中有真意，欲辨已忘言。,I will arise and go now, and go to Innisfree, And a small cabin build there, of clay and wattles made; Nine bean-rows will

20、I have there, a hive for the honey-bee, And live alone in the bee-loud glade. And I shall have some peace there, for peace comes dropping slow Dropping from the veils of the morning to where the cricket sings; There midnights all a glimmer, and noon a purple glow, And evening full of the linnets(红雀)

21、 wings. I will arise and go now, for always night and day, I hear the lake water lapping with low sounds by the shore; While I stand on the roadway, or on the pavements gray, I hear it in the deep hearts core.,Differences,Chinese: 以景衬情，言有尽而意无穷, connotative English: the inner reaction of the scenery,

22、 ebullient(热情奔放),Differences,Butterfly,Chinese: 梁山伯与祝英台 English: What a beautiful butterfly! The nature is amazing!,Love,Chinese: 才下眉头，却上心头 衣带渐宽终不悔，为伊消得人憔悴 English: You are my sunshine! The love fire burned me balabala .,天净沙秋思 A Red Red Rose,红红的玫瑰 呵，我的爱人像朵红红的玫瑰 六月里迎风初开； 呵，我的爱人像支甜甜的曲子， 奏的合拍又和谐 我的好姑娘，

23、多么美丽的人儿！ 请看我，多么深挚的爱情！ 亲爱的，我永远爱你， 纵使大海干涸水流尽。 纵使大海干涸水流尽， 太阳将岩石烧作灰尘， 亲爱的，我永远爱你， 只要我一息犹存。 珍重吧，我唯一的爱人， 珍重吧，让我们暂时别离， 但我定要回来， 哪怕千里万里！,A Red Red Rose o my luves like a red,red rose thats newly spring in june: o my luves like the melodie thats sweetly playd tune. as fair art thou,my bonnie lass. so deep in l

24、uve am i: and i will luve thee still,my dear, till athe seas gang dry. till athe seas gang dry,my dear, and the rocks melt withe sun; o i will luve thee still, my dear, while the sands olife shall run. and fare thee week,my onlu luve! and fare thee awhile! and i will come again,my luve, thoit were ten thousand mile.,Metrics,China,Chinese charac