week-2-2-Chaucer-and-English---Ballads.ppt

1、1,1.King Alfred the Great encouraged _ and literature. 2. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle was a monument of _, encouraged and supervised by King Alfred the Great.,Fill in the blanks.,Old English prose,education,2,Wat Tyler and John Ball are the leaders of the Rising of_. 4. The peasants Rising of 1381 had

2、 shaken the _system in England to the root.,1381,feudal,3,5. The most prevailing kind of literature in feudal England was the _. 6. The theme of the romances is the _ to king and lord.,romance,loyalty,4,7. Malorys _ was a 15th-century masterpiece which influenced the later writers. 8. Malory used si

3、mple and idiomatic English prose to translate The Death of King Arthur from _ into_.,Le Morte DArthur,French,English,5,Choose the right answer.,9. The great majority of the romances fall into groups as matters of_. A. Britain B. France C. Rome D. A,B and C ?,D,6,10. _was written in alliterative and

4、rimed English verse. A. Layamons Brut B. Malorys The Death of King Arthur C. King Alfreds Chronicle D. Geoffrey of Monmouths History of Kings of Britain ?,A,7,11. _ marked the establishment of feudalism in England. A. Roman Conquest B. English Conquest C. Danish Conquest D. Norman Conquest ?,D,8,Eng

5、lish Ballads,9,Most of the written literature in feudal England was intended only for upper classes. The English people had a literature of their own, not written but oral - English folk songs.,10,Popular Ballads,Definition: A ballad is a narrative poem that tells a story, and is usually meant to be

6、 sung or recited in musical form. An important stream of the Medieval folk literature,11,Features of English Ballads,1. The ballads are in various English and Scottish dialects. 2. They were created collectively and revised when handed down from mouth to mouth. 3. They are mainly the literature of t

7、he peasants, and give an outlook of the English common people in feudal society.,12,1. Composed in couplets or in quatrains known as the ballad stanza, rhyming abab or abcb, with the first and third lines carrying 4 accented syllables and the second and fourth carrying 3. 2. Simple, plain language o

8、r dialect of the common people with colloquial, vivid and, sometimes, idiomatic expressions,Stylistic Features of the Ballads,13,3. Telling a good story with a vivid presentation around the central plot. 4. Using a high proportion of dialogue with a romantic or tragic dimension to achieve dramatic e

9、ffect.,Stylistic Features of the Ballads,14,Subjects of English Ballads,1. struggle of young lovers 2. conflict between love and wealth 3. cruelty of jealousy 4. criticism of the civil war 5. matters of class struggle,15,The Robin Hood Ballads,various ballads of Robin Hood,The Geste of Robin Hood (a

10、ct, deed),description of the whole life of the hero,valiant (brave) outlaw(逃犯),archery(射箭), greenwood tree, take from the rich, give to the poor, wage war, hunted by the sheriffs, outwits(智胜),16,1. Origin of the Robin Hood Ballads,the perpetual (continuous) struggles of the peasants,the landlords ag

11、ainst the local official the kings judges,robbed only the rich, invincible archers (弓箭手) tireless (不屈不挠的) idol of the country folk saintlike hero,17,2. Character of Robin Hood,strong, brave, clever, tender-hearted, affectionate, humorous, hearty laugh,hatred for the nobles love for the poor,devout(虔

12、诚), orthodox(正统) in religion,reverence (respect) for the King,fighting spirit, indomitable courage, revolutionary energy,18,The Ballads,The most important department of English folk literature is the _. What is a ballad? A ballad is a story told in _, usually in _ stanzas, with the _ and _lines _.,b

13、allad,song,4-line,second,fourth,rhymed,19,Geoffrey Chaucer 杰弗里乔叟,the representative writer of the Medieval English Literature,20,Geoffrey Chaucer (13431400),21,I. Chaucers Life Story,1343born into an affluent wine merchants family in London at the age of 19-took part in the Hundred Years War and was

14、 taken prisoner On his return-married Philippa, a maid of honor to the queen and relative of the Duke of Lancaster,22,Sent to the Continent (Italy short portraits with personal view coming through (Prioresss entourage随从) Some not very good; Chaucer is just a little negative (Shipman) Hardened sinner

15、s, all of them religious officials (Friar男修士, Pardoner卖免罪符者, Summoner召唤者),33,Chaucer,34,35,36,3. The General Prologue Occasion Time Sketches of the pilgrims Purpose Motivation Satire,37,4. The Tales,The stories are well suited to the different characters of the pilgrims. Sometimes the pilgrims tell

16、stories against each other; sometimes the stories form a group.,38,5. The famous ones are the stories of : 1) the wife of Bath（巴斯妇人） 2) the Knight（骑士） 3) The Oxford Scholar,39,The Wife of Bath,Has married five husbands and expects one or two more Husband is old and ugly and she young and beautiful A

17、lways gets the upper hand,Evokes her husband to beat her and pretends to be dead,40,The Wife of Bath （巴斯妇人）,She is the owner of a cloth factory, light-hearted, merry, somewhat vulgar, and exceedingly talkative. It shows Chaucers keen observation and his unsurpassed talent for characterization. It is

18、 a vivid sketch of a woman of the middle class, and a colorful picture of the domestic life of that class in Chaucers day.,41,Chaucers language:,His language is full of humor and satire. 2. His language is vivid, exact and smooth, a master of word-pictures. 3. He is the first great poet who wrote in

19、 the English language, making the dialect of London the standard for the modern English speech.,42,Comment on Chaucer:,Chaucers The Canterbury Tales is a panorama of the 14th century England. His 30 pilgrims, coming from all walks of life, stand for all classes of his time. As a pioneer of humanism,

20、 Chaucer affirms men and womens pursuit of their happiness on earth and opposes the dogma of asceticism preached by the church.,43,Chaucer is the first important poet who writes in the English language. He is a great master of English. His language, known as Middle English now, is vivid and exact. H

21、e makes English the language of literature and London dialect the standard English. Chaucers contribution lies chiefly in his introduction of Heroic couplet, or lines of iambic pentameter in rhymed couplets, into English poetry.,44,What is “heroic couplet”?,Heroic couplet: the rhymed couplet of iamb

22、ic pentameter; a verse form in epic poetry, with lines of ten syllables and five stresses, in rhyming pairs. 英雄诗体/英雄双韵体：用于史诗或叙事诗，每行十个音节，五个音部，每两行押韵。,45,meter: A generally regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in poetry.,iambic pentameter: A poetic line consisting of five Verse feet (penta- is from a Greek word meaning “five”), with each foot an iamb- that is, an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable.,couplet: Two consecutive lines of poetry that rhyme.