9A U5 Period 5 Grammar1 lydia 09

1、Unit 5 Grammar A. Past perfect tense,1) 我最近受到了Lily的来信。 2) 他交作业了吗？ 3) 他刚刚去了北京。 4) 他们从未去过美国。 5) 我们已经在这儿住了10年了。,I have received a letter from Lily recently. Has he handed in his homework yet? He has just gone to Beijing. They have never been to the USA. We have lived here for ten years.,Review the pres

2、ent perfect tense,have / has + the past participle,1.We started to learn English 5 years ago.,一般过去时表示在过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。,2. We have learned English for 5 years.,现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响，与现在有关。其结构为：“助动词 have（has）+过去分词”,5 years ago now,5 years ago have learned now,Revision,We had learned Englis

3、h for 4 years by last year.,5 years ago last year now,had learned,过去完成时表示在过去某个时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作或存在的状态 即“过去的过去（ past-in-the-past ）”。,past in the past,past,now,过去完成时的概念与结构特点:,had + done,What had Audrey Hepburn done before she became a Hollywood superstar? She had been a model before she became a Hool

4、ywood superstar. 比较 She _ (be) a superstar since last year.,has been,Which happened first?,Which happened first?,When they got to the bus stop, the bus had already gone. Millie got off the bus because she had left her bag at home. Simon had lost his football, so he went to look for it. Amy felt sick

5、 because she had eaten too much ice cream.,had already gone,had left,had lost,had eaten,Do Part A1 (Page 87),Sum up: 过去完成时的构成,由助动词 had +(过去分词)P.P.,We use it when we talk about an action that happened before another action in the past., the past past past now future （before the past）,By the time we g

6、ot there, the bus_ _(go ). When I got to the check-out, I realized I _ _(leave) my purse at home. Before his mother got home, he_ _(finish) cooking.,had,gone,had,left,had,finished,Form had + past participle of verb,want- try- stop- like- stay-,buy- give- get- make come-,wanted tried stopped liked st

7、ayed,bought gave got made come,Finish Part A2, A3 P88,Part A3 on P88,1. arrived 2. had bought 3. came 4. had gone 5. arrived 6. had finished 7. entered 8. had started,过去完成时与when, before, after连用,We fed the dog. Then we took it for a walk. The film started. Then I arrived at the cinema.,After we had

8、fed the dog, we took it for a walk.,When/ Before I arrived at the cinema, the film had started.,I arrived at the cinema after the film had started.,Before we took the dog for a walk, we had fed it.,By the time I arrived at the cinema, the film had started.,主语过去完成时 when引导的从句(注：从句为过去时) by the time引导的从

9、句(注：从句为过去时) before引导的从句(注：从句为过去时) 主语过去时after 引导的过去完成时,More practice,1. Millie finished her homework. Then she watched a film on TV. 2. Chow Yun Fat was famous in Asia for many years. Then he went to America. 3. Jim finished playing football. He went home.,After Millie had finished her homework, she

10、watched a film on TV.,When/ Before/ By the time Chow Yun Fat went to America, he had been famous in Asia for many years.,After Jim had finished playing football, he went home.,Rewrite the sentences He had stood up before he cleaned the window. _ he had stood up, he cleaned the window. His father wen

11、t to Beijing. He arrived home. (用before合并句子) His father_ _ _ Beijing before he _ home.,After,had gone to,arrived,Question and negative forms,I had been here before he came here.,一般疑问句： Had you been here before he came here? Yes, I had. No, I hadnt. 即: Had +主语过去分词？,否定句 I hadnt been here before he cam

12、e here. 即: had not +过去分词,1. _ you ever _(be) to Shanghai before you came here in 2007? 2. _ they _(do) their homework before they watched TV? 3. _ she _ (go) to school already when her house was broken into this morning? 4. _ he _(visit) the museum before it was torn down? 5. The interview _(not end

13、) before I arrived.,Had been,Had done,Had gone,Had visited,Exercise: Part A4 Page 89,hadnt ended,Fill in the blanks,I _ (clean) the clothes before you came back. 2. She_ (leave) already when you arrived. _they _ (know) this before you told them? 4. We _ (not tell) you before you knew it. 5. She came

14、 after we_ (wait) for her for half an hour.,had cleaned,had left,Had known,hadnt told,had waited,Translations,1.当我们到电影院时，电影已经开始了,他在离开之前把灯全关了,The film had already begun when we arrived at the cinema.,He had turned off all the lights before he left.,He said he had finished his homework.,What happened

15、first?,A: He said,B: He had finished his homework.,在宾语从句当中，也要注意时态的变化。 主语的动词是过去，从句要变成相应的过去的时态。,Fill in the blanks,1. I said I _ (have) lunch already. 2. She told us she _(not be) to Beijing yet. 3. I wondered if they _ (live) in Nanjing for three years. 4. Did you say I _(pass)the exam already? 5. He

16、 asked how many books I_ (read) already?,had had,hadnt been,had lived,had passed,had read,Translations:,1.他说他已经到了,2.我告诉她我还没吃过晚饭,He said he had already arrived .,I told her I hadnt had supper yet.,We had learned two units by last month. 2. We had won two matches by the end of last month. 3. By the ti

17、me they got to the bus stop, the train had already gone.,1.by+ past time (过去时间) 2.by the end of+past time (过去时间) 3.By the time + a sentence with the past tense （过去时的从句）,过去完成时标志性时间状语：,# We have already learned three units by now.,过去完成时使用小结,主语过去完成时 when引导的从句(注：从句为过去时) by the time引导的从句(注：从句为过去时) before

18、引导的从句(注：从句为过去时) 主语过去时after 引导的过去完成时 主语+过去完成时+by 短语 主句(过去式) +从句 (过去完成时),Fill in the blanks,1. We (learn) 3000 words by last term. 2. you (live) here for 20 years by 2004? 3. They _ (work) for 10 years by the end of last year. 4. I _ (teach) you for two years by the end of last term.,had learned,h,Had

19、,lived,had worked,had taught,Translation,1.截止到2003年，我们已经看过40电影了,2.截止到九月底，他们已经去过美国十二次了,We had already seen 40 films by 2003.,They had already been to the USA ten times by the end of September.,过去完成时和现在完成时的区别,现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响，与现在有关，其结构为: “have/ has + done”。 过去完成时所表示的动作不仅发生在过去，更强调“过去的过去”，只有和过去某时或某种动作作相比较时才用到它。,For example,I have learned 1000 English words so far. I had learned 1000 English words till then. “Im sorry to keep you waiting.” “Oh, not at all. I have been for here only a few minutes. ” (等的动作表示从过去一直持续到