幻灯片1(2).ppt

1、,An Irish writer,He is a master satirist; even today he is still regarded as a national hero in Ireland,He is one of greatest masters of English prose;,Literary position,Famous sayings,Fair LIBERTY was all his cry; for her he stood prepared to die. -On the Death of Dr. Swift Proper words in proper p

2、laces, make the true definition of a style.,生平简介,乔纳森斯威夫特（Jonathan Swift，16671745）生于爱尔兰都柏林的一个贫苦家庭。他父亲是定居爱尔兰的英格兰人，早在他出生前七个月就已去世。斯威夫特由叔父抚养长大，就读于著名的都柏林三一学院（以天主教的“三位一体”命名）。十五岁时就读于都柏林三一学院，获学士学位。 1688年，斯威夫特前往英国，做了穆尔庄园主人威廉邓波尔爵士的私人秘书，直到1699年邓波尔去世。在他担任秘书期间，阅读了大量古典文学名著。,结束 晚年的斯威夫特内心十分孤独，只限于和屈指可数的几个朋友交往。他将自己积蓄的

3、三分之一用于各种慈善事业，用另三分之一的收入为弱智者盖了一所圣帕特里克医院。斯威夫特晚景凄凉。他年幼就就患脑病，晚年耳聋头痛日益加剧，最后几年精神失常，时常昏睡。这位杰出的讽刺作家于1745年10月19日逝世。终年78岁，葬于圣帕特里克大教堂。,Swifts works,A Tale of a Tub(1679) 一只桶的故事 The Battle of the Books (1697) 书籍之战 The Drapiers Letter (1724) 布商的来信 A Modest Proposal 一个温和的建议 Gullivers Travels (1726) 格里佛游记,Pamphlets

4、 on Ireland,Swifts pamphlets on Ireland form a very important part of his works. They have now become part of classic English literature. Swifts life in Ireland gave him an intimate knowledge of the miserable condition of the Irish people. Two of the most famous ones are “The Drapers Letters”(1724)

5、and “A Modest Proposal”(1730).,Satire,A common form of the 18th Century, basically the ridiculing of any objects through laughter which will soften the blow Different types and degrees: light or harsh,satire (名) 讽刺文学, 讽刺,讽刺是一种文学手法，用于暴露对象的缺点和可笑之处，常采用夸张或反讽（irony）等方式，从而产生幽默的效果。当然也可以用拙劣模仿,作戏, 并列,对比,类似,

6、类推等也经常用于讽刺手法中。 如果说反话（反讽）就是讽刺的话，是一个很大的错误。严格来说，讽刺（satire）是一种俗称类型；而反讽（irony）则是一种比较具体的修饰手法,Gullivers Travels,By Jonathan Swift,Introduction,Swifts greatest satire Gullivers Travels, is written in 1726, the book has not lost its significance to the present day and can be justly ranked among the best nove

7、l of world literature.,Gullivers Travels serves as a biting satire, and Swift ensures that it is both humorous and critical, constantly attacking British and European society through its descriptions of imaginary countries.,Plot and Major Characters,Written in the form of a travel journal, Gullivers

8、 Travels is the fictional account of four extraordinary voyages made by Lemuel Gulliver, a physician who signs on to serve as a ships surgeon when he is unable to provide his family with a sufficient income in London.,Gulliver makes voyages, which are described in the four parts of the book.,小人国,马国,

9、飞岛,大人国,(5) Gullivers Travels格林佛游记1726,Lilliput (小人国),a satire on the Tories simple, direct and precise prose; a master satirist; Deadly irony; powerful satire.,What is the moral attributes of the story?,Moral attributes,Swift was a man of great moral integrity and social charm. He had a deep hatred

10、for all the rich oppressors and a deep sympathy for all the poor and oppressed.,How did think of human nature?,Human nature,His understanding of human nature is profound. In his opinion, human nature is seriously and permanently flawed. To better human life, enlightenment is needed, but to redress it is very hard. So, in his writings, although he intends not to condemn but to reform and improve human nature and human institutions, there is often an overtone of helplessness and indignation.,Questions for discussion,1.In what ways are Ya