二轮复习之英语语法填空.ppt

1、二轮复习之语法填空,2015 - 2017年全国I卷英语语法考查项目统计,（语法填空和短文改错）,2017年高考英语全国I卷命题分析,2017年全国I卷 语法填空题型：（7比3） 语法填空题延续往年特点，考点全面，分布比较均匀。 包括：时态2题，非谓语动词2题，从句1题，冠词1题，介词1题，名词1题，副词1题，形容词1题，难度比去年略低。,2017年高考英语全国I卷命题分析,2017年全国I卷 语法填空题型：（7比3） 语法填空题延续往年特点，考点全面，分布比较均匀。 包括：时态2题，非谓语动词2题，从句1题，冠词1题，介词1题，名词1题，副词1题，形容词1题，难度比去年略低。,根据上表，我们

2、知道，语法填空的考点或考查内容是：(1)纯空格题(3-4题，只填一词)：冠词： _ 介词 ：_ it作形式主语、形式宾语。 固定句式及搭配 连词：并列连词_ 从属连词 _ 上下文语境角度，偶尔涉及 如2015全国卷 before/earlier。,泛指、特指，固定短语中的冠词。,动介搭配、形介搭配，介词基本用法，介词短语。,and, but, or, so.,what, which, that, who, when.,根据上表，我们知道，语法填空的考点或考查内容是：(2)有提示词(6-7题)提示词是动词：a. 作谓语时：_b. 作非谓语时：_c. 其他变化：_提示词是名词：_提示词是形容词：_

3、提示词是人称代词：_,时态、语态、主谓一致。,根据句子成分、固定搭配to do/doing/done 形式。,动词变名词，动词变形容词或副词。,名词单复数，名词变形容词或副词。,形容词变副词，比较级、最高级。,主格、宾格的转换，人称代词变物主代词或反身代词,第一部分,纯空格,3. the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to small town some 20 kilometers away. 4. I still remember taking _ visiting friend from Ca

4、nada to a local Black Country pub(酒店) for lunch.,考点一：冠词,名词之前,There once were a goat (山羊) and a donkey(驴). So the farmer killed _ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart. 2.When I see a child subject to(受到) this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was _ shy , nervous perfectionist(完

5、美主义者).,the,a,考查语法点: 定冠词,不定冠词的用法,考点分析,a,a,无提示词,下列情况很可能填 ： (1)_+可数n.(单数)； (2)_+形容词+可数n.(单数)。,下列情况下很可能填 ： (1)_ (+形容词)+n.+ of等介词短语 (表示特指)； (2)_ (+形容词)+n.+定语从句(表示特指)； (3)_ (+形容词)+n.+不定式短语或分词短语 (表示特指),考点分析,不定冠词,定冠词,考点二： 介词,(1)介词+宾语（名词） (2)不及物动词+介词+宾语,1. In short, I believe that it is _ great use to keep a

6、 dairy in English 2. When I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back _the girl, who was giving me the most optimistic, largest smile I had ever seen. 3. She found some good quality pipes_ sale. 4. He was very tired _doing this for a whole day,of,at,考查语法点: 介词的基本用法及惯用搭配,考点分析,on,from,无提示词：注意

7、固定搭配,be tired from 因厌倦,考点三：代词,(1)作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格,注意形容词词性和名词性物主代词的区别。 (2)指示代词,不定代词、反身代词等,考查语法点: 代词的基本用法,考点分析,1. She remembered how difficult _ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. 2. When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in my village, I wanted to reward the old w

8、oman for the trouble I had caused _ . 3. It has been said before, but experiencing it myself has made _ want to say it again: a smile,it,her,me,无提示词,无提示词：代词 在句子中作主语或宾语时，通常填代词，包括 1.人称代词(I/me/you/he/him等)、 2.指示代词(it/this等)、 3.不定代词(something/anything等)、 4.名词性物主代词(mine/yours/his/hers等)、 5.疑问代词(which/who

9、等)、 6.反身代词(不能作主语)(myself/yourself等) 在名词前作定语就只能用形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her等)。,考点分析,考点四：连词或从句引导词,两个主谓结构连接,Historically, it was famous for industry, which explains_the area is called the Black Country. 2. Jane paused in front of a counter(柜台) _ some attractive ties were on display. 3. One day, he came up

10、 with an idea _ he would pluck up (拔起)all of his crop a few inches.,why,考查语法点: 各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法,考点分析,where,that,无提示词,解题技巧,考点分析,并列句和复合句,并列句：,简单句并列连词简单句,复合句：,主句（主谓宾）从句（连接词主谓）,两个或几个简单句之间若不用句号或分号，就必须要用连词，否则，句子的结构就不完整。,语法填空题纯空格设计,纯空格,介词，连词，代词，冠词，,第二部分,有提示词,考点五：谓语动词,有提示词 与主语构成主谓结构,1. I was certain she woul

11、d like it because I _ (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food. 2. His fear of failure _ (keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon. 3. Being too anxious to help an event develop often _ (result) in the contrary to our intention.,was told,kept,考查语法点: 谓语动词的时

12、态及语态, 及主谓一致,考点分析,results,当句中缺少谓语动词时，括号中的动词就是谓语动词。此时要考虑_、_、_、_等四个方面。 【确定时态的3条依据】 (1)依据上下文时态一致。看上下文谓语动词是什么时态(过去/现在/将来)，空格要填的动词时态一般应与上下文的时态一致。这是高考语法填空中确定时态的最重要的依据。但需注意：客观事实或真理可能时态不一致；直接引语的时态会与引号外的时态不一致。 (2)依据并列谓语动词的时态一致。 (3)依据时间状语。如recently, so far, up to now, up to the present, in the past few years常与

13、现在完成时连用；by the end of, since 1980, for three years常与现在完成时连用。,时态、 语态、 语气、 主谓一致,考点六：非谓语动词,有提示词 除谓语动词以外的动词形式,1. We must also consider the reaction of the person 32_ (receive) the gift. (07广州一模) 2. I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left _ (complete) the rest! (07广二模) 3. My pupils, Donnie 40_ (in

14、clude), adored her. (08深圳二模) 4. Before the waitress could even finish describing the menu, my friend looked at me with his eyebrows(眉毛) (raise). (11广州一模),receiving,to complete,included,考查语法点: 非谓语动词及变形的使用,考点分析,raised,当句中已有谓语动词，横线前又没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。此时，就要根据非谓语动词的用法确定用具体的某种形式(doing, done, to

15、 do)。,考点七：词性转换,有提示词 介词,冠词,所有格后接名词,形容词修饰名词,副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子,1. “Thirty-five cents,” she said 36_ (rude). (07深圳一模) 2. As far as I am concerned, my 37 _ (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English within easy reach. (08惠二模) 3. This proverb is saying we have to let things go i

16、n their _ (nature) course. (08广东) 4. _ (doubt), although there is still room for improvement to this policy, I think it is still a good one which brings more good than harm to the students and the nation. (09汕头水平考试),rudely,suggestion,考查语法点: 各类词性的正确使用及转化,考点分析,natural,Undoubtedly,当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时

17、,就需要词类转换。这类题一般可根据以下5点顺利解决： （1）作主语或宾语用_形式。 （2）在形容词性物主代词、冠词(+形容词)、不定代词(some, any, a lot of等)、介词后还没有名词时，就用_形式。 （3）作定语、表语或补足语用_形式。 （4）作状语，修饰动词、形容词或另一副词，或放在句首修饰全句，用_。 （5）当所给词的词性与空格处所需词的词性相同时，无需改变词性，而可能是只改变词义但不改变词性的前缀或后缀，也可能用其比较级或最高级。,名词,名词,形容词,副词,考点八：形容词副词的级,有提示词 通常，有表示范围的in /of介词短语或形容词前有the时，一般要用最高级；tha

18、n的前面一定要用比较级,One of the 33_ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher (07广州一模) 2. We were both laughing the whole time at our complete inability to communicate in words. When it was time to leave, I said “thank you” in Korean, using some of the few words I had learned. I f

19、elt _ (lonely) than I had expected that night. (2009届江门二模) 3. Lucille Clifton is an award-winning poet and writer. Critics call her one of the _ (great) writers of our time.(双语报),worst,考点分析,less lonely,greatest,当括号中所给词是形容词或副词，且空格处需要的仍是形容词或副词时，要根据语境,理解句意，若该词意思不变，逻辑上讲得通,就很可能填该词的比较级或最高级。 注意： 要善于分析语境,辨别省略了than的隐性比较级。 若需要用与该词意义相反的意思，逻辑才通顺的，就要在该词前加表示否定或相反意义的前缀或后缀。,1. (2015卷I65) seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River which are pictured by artists in so m