美国诗人Robert Frost的诗歌赏析.ppt

1、Appreciation of Frosts Poetry,Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both. And be one traveler, long I stood And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent in the undergrowth; Then took the other, as just as fair, And having perhaps the better claim, Because it was

2、 grassy and wanted wear; Though as for that the passing there Had worn them really about the same.,黄叶林中分出两条小路，可惜我一人不能同时涉足, 我在路口伫立良久，向着其中一条翘首极目，直到它消失在丛林深处。 但我选择了另一条路，芳草待踏，分外幽寂 同样显得诱人、美丽，虽然这两条路是如此相似, 都几乎没有旅人的足迹。,The Road Not Taken,(from Mountain Interval ),视频,And both that morning equally lay In leave

3、s no step had trodden black. Oh, I kept the first for another day! Yet knowing how way leads on to way, I doubted if I should ever come back. I shall be telling this with a sigh Somewhere ages and ages hence: Two roads diverged in a wood, and I I took the one less traveled by And that has made all t

4、he difference.,那天清晨落叶满地， 两条都是未经脚步践踏的小径， 呵，留下一条路等下次再走 但我知道路径延绵没有尽头, 恐怕一走就再难回首。 也许多年后在某地， 我回首往事轻声叹息， 两条道路分散在树林里 而我选择的那条更少人迹， 从此决定了我人生的迥异。,Poem Analysis,This poem seems to be about the poet, walking in the woods in autumn, hesitating for a long time and wondering which road he should take since they ar

5、e both pretty. In reality, this is a meditative poem symbolically written. It concerns the important decisions which one must take in the course of life, when one must give up one desirable thing in order to possess another.,The theme:,The poem has 4 stanzas and each has a rhyme scheme of abaab. The

6、 poem is a monologue（独白） by one who is uncertain about his choice some time ago.,Poem Analysis,In the first stanza he talks about the choice before him: 2 roads diverged in a yellow wood. In the second stanza the choice has been made because he is courageous and independent. In the third stanza the

7、speaker talks of the untrodden road and his uncertainties about the limits of life.,Then in the last stanza the speaker becomes convinced about the truth in life: “I took the one less traveled by,/And that has made all the difference”. The poem presents the process of making choice and having doubt,

8、 vividly revealing the truth in a metaphoric way.,The structure:,无限美景在险峰 世上本没有路，走的人多了便成了路。 路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索。 “人，最宝贵的是生命。生命对每个人只有一次。这仅有的一次生命应当怎样度过呢？每当回忆往事的时候，能够不为虚度年华而悔恨，不因碌碌无为而羞耻；在临死的时候，他能够说：我的整个生命和全部精力，都已经献给了世界上最壮丽的事业为人类解放而进行的斗争.”,由此诗所引起的哲思,Whose woods these are I think I know. His house is in the v

9、illage, though; He will not see me stopping here To watch his woods fill up with snow. My little horse must think it queer To stop without a farmhouse near Between the woods and frozen lake The darkest evening of the year.,我想我认识树林的主人 他家住在林边的农村； 他不会看见我暂停此地， 欣赏他披上雪装的树林。 我的小马准抱着个疑团： 干嘛停在这儿，不见人烟， 在一年中最黑

10、的晚上， 停在树林和冰湖之间。,Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening,（from New Hampshire）,He gives his harness bells a shake To ask if there is some mistake. The only other sounds the sweep Of easy wind and downy flake. The woods are lovely, dark, and deep, But I have promises to keep, And miles to go before I slee

11、p, And miles to go before I sleep.,它摇了摇颈上的铃铎， 想问问主人有没有弄错。 除此之外唯一的声音 是风飘绒雪轻轻拂过。 树林真可爱，既深又黑， 但我有许多诺言不能违背， 还要赶多少路才能安睡， 还要赶多少路才能安睡。,Frost uses the kind of familiar New England details that constitute this poetry for more than descriptive purposes.,The form is regular iambic tetrameter (four-beat lines);

12、 the rhyme scheme is a fairly complex one, aaba, bbcb, ccdc, and dddd.,Although Frosts strategy is to talk about particular events and individual experience, his poems evoke universal issues. Frosts New England landscapes are the occasion rather than the ultimate focus of this poem.,Poem Analysis,So

13、mething there is that doesnt love a wall 有一点什么，它大概是不喜欢墙， That sends the frozen-ground-swell under it, 它使得墙脚下的冻地涨得隆起， And spills the upper boulders in the sun; 大白天的把墙头石块弄得纷纷落： And makes gaps even two can pass abreast. 使得墙裂了缝，二人并肩都走得过。 The work of hunters is another thing: 绅士们行猎时又是另一番糟蹋： I have come a

14、fter them and made repair 他们要掀开每块石头上的石头， Where they have left not one stone on a stone, 我总是跟在他们后面去修补， But they would have the rabbit out of hiding, 但是他们要把兔子从隐处赶出来，,Mending Wall,(from North of Boston),To please the yelping dogs. The gaps I mean, 讨好那群汪汪叫的狗。我说的墙缝 No one has seen them made or heard them

15、 made, 是怎么生的，谁也没看见，谁也没听见 But at spring mending-time we find them there. 但是到了春季补墙时，就看见在那里。 I let my neighbour know beyond the hill; 我通知了住在山那边的邻居； And on a day we meet to walk the line 有一天我们约会好，巡视地界一番， And set the wall between us once again. 在我们两家之间再把墙重新砌起。 We keep the wall between us as we go. 我们走的时候

16、，中间隔着一垛墙。 To each the boulders that have fallen to each. 落在各边的石头，由各自去料理。,And some are loaves and some so nearly balls 有些是长块的，有些几乎圆得像球 We have to use a spell to make them balance: 需要一点魔术才能把它们放稳当： Stay where you are until our backs are turned!“ “老实呆在那里，等我们转过身再落下！” We wear our fingers rough with handli

17、ng them. 我们搬弄石头把手指都磨粗了。 Oh, just another kind of out-door game, 啊！这不过又是一种户外游戏， One on a side. It comes to little more: 一个人站在一边。此外没有多少用处： There where it is we do not need the wall: 在墙那地方，我们根本不需要墙： He is all pine and I am apple orchard. 他那边全是松树，我这边是苹果园。,My apple trees will never get across 我的苹果树永远也不会踱

18、过去 And eat the cones under his pines, I tell him. 吃掉他松树下的松球，我对他说。 He only says, Good fences make good neighbours.“ 他只是说：“好篱笆造出好邻家。 Spring is the mischief in me, and I wonder 春天在我心里作祟，我在悬想 If I could put a notion in his head: 能不能把一个念头注入他的脑里： Why do they make good neighbours? Isnt it “为什么好篱笆造出好邻家？是否指着

19、 Where there are cows? But here there are no cows. 有牛的人家？可是我们此地又没有牛。 Before I built a wall Id ask to know 我在造墙之前先要弄个清楚，,What I was walling in or walling out, 圈进来的是什么，圈出去的是什么， And to whom I was like to give offence. 并且我可能开罪的是些什么人家， Something there is that doesnt love a wall, 有一点什么，它不喜欢墙， That wants i

20、t down. I could say Elves to him, 它要推倒它。”我可以对他说这是“鬼”。 But its not elves exactly, and Id rather 但严格说也不是鬼我想这事还是 He said it for himself. I see him there 由他自己决定吧。我看见他在那里 Bringing a stone grasped firmly by the top 搬一块石头，两手紧抓着石头的上端， In each hand, like an old-stone savage armed. 像一个旧石器时代的武装的野蛮人。,He moves i

21、n darkness as it seems to me, 我觉得他是在黑暗中摸索， Not of woods only and the shade of trees. 这黑暗不仅是来自深林与树荫。 He will not go behind his fathers saying, 他不肯探究他父亲传给他的格言 And he likes having thought of it so well 他想到这句格言，便如此的喜欢， He says again, Good fences make good neighbors. 于是再说一遍，“好篱笆造出好邻家”。,“Mending Wall” is

22、a metaphorical（隐喻性的） poem written in blank verse, published in 1914. It is set in the countryside and is about one man questioning why he and his neighbor must rebuild the stone wall dividing their farms each spring. It is perhaps best known for its line spoken by the neighbor: Good fences make good

23、 neighbors. The line is listed by the Oxford Dictionary of Quotations as a mid 17th century proverb, which was given a boost in the American consciousness due to its prominence in the poem.,Poem Analysis,After Apple-Picking,My long two-pointed ladders sticking through a tree 我那长长的双柱梯子穿过一棵树Toward hea

24、ven still, 还在指向天堂 And theres a barrel that I didnt fill 有一只桶就在一旁Beside it, and there may be two or three 我还没有装满；而在树枝某处，Apples I didnt pick upon some bough. 也许还有没摘的两三个苹果。But I am done with apple-picking now. 但摘苹果这活儿算告一段落。Essence of winter sleep is on the night, 夜晚已经弥漫着冬眠的气息，The scent of apples: I am

25、drowsing off. 苹果的香味：我正在昏昏欲睡。,(from North of Boston),I cannot rub the strangeness from my sight 我今天早上从饮水槽里捞起I got from looking through a pane of glass 一大块的玻璃。透过这块东西 I skimmed this morning from the drinking trough 我把这草枯霜冻的世界琢磨 And held against the world of hoary grass. 我视线里是挥之不去的怪异。 It melted, and I l

26、et it fall and break. 冰化了，我让它掉下、摔在地上。 But I was well 但我其实 Upon my way to sleep before it fell, 在它掉下之前就已渐有睡意， And I could tell What form my dreaming was about to take. 我也明知我的梦境会是什么样的形状。,Magnified apples appear and disappear, 巨大苹果，这边浮现，那边淡出， Stem end and blossom end, 有蒂的一端，有花的一端 ， And every fleck of r

27、usset showing clear. 每个红褐色的斑点都很清楚 ， My instep arch not only keeps the ache, 我的脚弓不仅还残留着痛伤 ， It keeps the pressure of a ladder-round. 它也残留着梯子横杠的挤压 。 I feel the ladder sway as the boughs bend. 树枝一弯，我能感到梯子一偏 。 And I keep hearing from the cellar bin 我还不断听到地窖里有声音The rumbling sound 轰轰作响 Of load on load of

28、apples coming in. 那是一筐一筐的苹果在送进 。,For I have had too much 因为我摘苹果 Of apple-picking: I am overtired 已经摘得太多：我已累得太过 Of the great harvest I myself desired. 因自己曾经期望的巨大收获 。 There were ten thousand thousand fruit to touch, 有十万万只水果需要我去摸 Cherish in hand, lift down, and not let fall. 手里小心握，扯落，但不能松掉 。 For all That struck the earth, 只要砸到地皮 ， No matter if not bruised or spiked with stubble, 不管是否碰伤，不管是否刺破 ，,Went surely to the cider-apple heap 肯定要归到用来造酒的那堆 ， As of no worth. 似乎一钱不值 。 One can see what will trouble 谁都能看出这次睡眠，This sleep of mine, whatever sle