中考英语专项复习 被动语态（十五）导学案 人教新目标版

1、被动语态（十五）【复习目标】被动语态的基本用法及各时态的被动语态。【导学过程】一、被动语态概述语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用“被”、“受”、“给”等词来表示被动意义。如：He opened the door他打开了这扇门（主动语态）The door was opened这扇门被打开了。（被动语态）二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。被动语态的时态

2、变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。被动语态的时态较常见的有八种:1一般现在时：S+amisare+P.P（过去分词） 2一般过去时：S+waswere+P.P3一般将来时：S+will be+P.P 4现在进行时：S+amisare+being+P.P5过去进行时：S+waswere+being+P.P 6现在完成时：S+havehas been+P.P7过去完成时：S+had been+P.P 8过去将来时：S+would/should+be+P.P含有情态动词的被被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词； 如：Tables can be made of s

3、tone三、被动语态的用法：1不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。 如：The bridge was built last year2当更加强调动作的承受者时。此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后，不需要时可以省略。 如：The room hasnt been cleaned yet3当动作的执行者不是人时，多用被动语态。 如：The window was blown by wind 4表示客观的说明常用“It is + 过去分词”型。 如：It is said that Lucy has gone abroad 其它常见的“It is + 过去分词+ that”句型还有：It is

4、 reported that据报道 It is said that据说It is believed that大家相 It is suggested that有人建议四、主动语态变为被动语态1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：(1)将主动句的宾语变为主语, 注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。如：Tom killed him He was killed by Tom(2)将动词改为“be+过去分词”。They held a meeting yesterday A meeting was held by them yesterday(3)将主动语态的主语改为by放在谓语动词后。注意：如

5、果原主语是代词，则应由主格变为宾格。如：He sang a song A song was sung by him2主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：(1)主动句中的主语如果是people, we, you, they, somebody等含糊地表示“人们”、“大家”的单词，变为被动句时，通常删去“by”，但原主语被强调时除外。如：They set up this hospital in 1975This hospital was set up in 1975(2)含有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。如Jack t

6、old us the truth We were told the truth by JackThe truth was told (to) us by Jack五、动词的主动形式表示被动之意以主动形式表示被动之意的动词多为连系动词，如：look，feel，smell等。下列动词没有被动式：happen，cost，have如An accident happened yesterday The flower smells sweet一、自主复习试着做下列题，不会的，快速阅读所给教材相关部分，继续完成。1Do you often clean your classroom? YesOur class

7、room _ every dayAclean Bcleans Cis cleaned Dis cleaning 2A talk on developments technology _ in the school hall next weekAgiven Bwill be given Chas been given Dgive 3His new book_ next monthAwill be published Bis publishing Cis being published Dhas been published4Did you go to Jacks birthday party?

8、No, I_Aam not invited Bwasnt invited Chavent invited Ddidnt invite 5Mum, can I go to the zoo with Jack? When your homework_, you canA.is done B.was done C.does D.did 二、合作学习（由前后4人组成的大组内合作：把你的答案说出来与同学交流，不同意见进行讨论，小组内达成共识，并将你的困惑提出来让同学帮助解决或求助老师）。【在学生学习过程中，教师巡视，了解学情，都会做的题不用再一个一个的提问，提问意见不一致的题】三、展示交流（教师组织提问

9、,4人小组派代表发言,向全班展示交流学习成果,小组间进行互评纠错、补充）四、互讲巩固（2人小组分别将上述问题答案的原因复述一遍，同位之间进行互讲）。【精讲点拨】根据学情确定所讲内容，重点讲那些学生讨论交流后还弄不明白的问题以及需要拓展的知识【中考链接】6Twentyyearolds should not _to drive in China A. allow B. be allow Cbe allowed Dallowed7Seeing him rush into the room with tears in his eyes, I asked him what_Awould happen B

10、had happened Chappened Dwas happened8The book Businessthe Speed of Thought _in 1999Awrites Bis written Cwrote D. was written9Trees and flowers _every year to make our country more beautifulAis planted Bwas planted Care planted Dwere planted10Chinas sports stars Yao Ming _Good Will Ambassadors(亲善大使)f

11、or Shang haiAhas been named Bhave been named Chas named Dhave named【达标测评】（4人小组大组长组织评价，2人小组互改，大组长检查,组内交流、达成共识；各组代表与全班交流做题情况，教师讲评）。【拓展延伸】填空。先独立做，后小组内交流。11The earth is our homeIt _well Amust be protected Bshould protect Cneed protect Dshould protected12In recent years, many children are made _ what they are not_Ato do, interested inBto do ,interested Cdo , interested Ddo , interesting13._a