祈使句和感叹句.ppt

1、初中英语总复习： 祈使句和感叹句 主讲人：三及第李卫星,一、祈使句的概念和基本形式 二、祈使句的注意事项 三、感叹句的概念、类型和基本结构,祈使句,主语是 “you”，通常省略。句末用感叹号或句号，读的时候用降调。,定义：表示请求、命令、警告、建议等句子。以祈使句中，一般以动词原形开头。,1.肯定形式（动词原形开头） 1）be型(Be+表语+其他 ) eg. Be quiet! Be seated, please! Be careful! Dont run so fast.,2）do型（实义动词原型+宾语+其他） eg. Come in, please Please open your boo

2、ks！,3）let型（Let+宾语+动词原形+其他） eg. Let him do it by himself. Let me help you. Lets go to the park.,2.否定形式（一般在动词上否定，也可以用否定副词来表示） 1）be型（Dont be +表语） eg. Dont be sad! Never be late again next time!,2）do型（Dont +动词原形+其他） eg. Dont believe him! He is a liar. Dont worry! Everything will be OK. Never do it again

3、!,b. Dont+ let+宾语+动词原形+其他 eg. Dont let Jim do that. Dont let us go, please.,3）let型有两种否定形式 a. Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他 eg. Let her not do that. 别让她那么做。 Lets not think about it. Its only a waste of time.,3.特殊形式的祈使句 1）无动词祈使句常常用于一些表示禁止的标语牌上。 eg. No parking! No smoking!,2）加强语气的祈使句：Do+动词原形 eg. Do write to me so

4、on. 一定要快点给我写信啊。 Do let me do it by myself. 请一定让我自己处理。,4.祈使句的反意疑问句 aLets表示第一人称的祈使句，反意疑问句为“Shall we?” 如：Lets go for a walk，shall we? Lets forget it，shall we? b其它形式都用will you? 如：Pass me the book，will you? Let us go for a walk，will you? Dont tell anyone about it，will you?,5. 祈使句与条件状语从句的互相转换： 祈使句 + and +

5、一般将来时， 表示“递进”。 祈使句 + or + 一般将来时，表示“否则”。 试比较： Hurry up and youll catch the train. (If you hurry up，youll catch the train) Hurry up，or youll miss the train (If you dont hurry up，youll miss the train.),Turn left!,祈使句在标识中的应用：,Turn right!,Dont smoke! No smoking!,Dont play football,Dont park your car! No

6、parking!,Dont eat!,Dont pick the flowers!,Walk on the zebra crossing!,Go upstairs!,Go downstairs!,1. Jim, _ me a hand. A. gives B. is giving C. will give D. give 2. _ careful, Jenny! There is a tree in front of you. A. Am B. / C. Be D. Was 3. Lets _ our time. A. not waste B. no wasting C. not to was

7、te D. no waste 4. _ higher, and you will see the house. OK. A. If you stand B. To stand C. When you stand D. Stand,Exercises:,5. Please _ do it. A. he B. let him C. let he D. him 6. _ let anyone open the door. A. Dont B. Will C. Not D. No 7. Dont be late again. Sorry, _. A. I may B. I must C. I will

8、 D. I wont 8. Call me when you get home. OK, _. A. I must B. I can C. I will D. I may,The girl is very pretty.,What a pretty girl she is! How pretty the girl is!,感叹句,What a strange frog it is! How strange the frog is!,The frog is very strange.,The birds are very lovely!,What lovely birds they are! H

9、ow lovely the birds are!,Those ants are carrying food quickly/ busily How quickly those ants are carrying food!,The butterfly is having a rest in a tree comfortably. How comfortably the butterfly is having a rest!,感叹句： 1、含义：感叹句表示说话时的惊讶、喜悦、赞赏 和愤怒等情绪。 2、构成： 感叹句是由what和how引导 其句型结构为 What/How+感叹部分+主谓！,3、W

10、hat 引导的感叹句 ）What + a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主谓！ What a beautiful voice she has! 她的声音多美啊！ ）What+形容词+可数名词复数+主谓！ What kind doctors they are! 他们是多好的医生啊！ ）What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！ What good news it is!,4、How 引导的感叹句 How+形容词+主语+谓语！ How clever you are! How+副词+主语+谓语！ How well she dances! how+陈述句（主语+谓语） How he loves his

11、son! 他多么爱他的儿子啊！ 5、“What + a (an) +形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！”句型可转换为“How+形容词 +主语+谓语！”句型。 What a clever boy he is! How clever the boy is!,如何区分由 What引导的感叹句和由How引导的感叹句：,1）What an interesting story she has told us! 她告诉我们多么有趣的一个故事啊！,2）What expensive watches they are! 多贵的手表啊！,3）What terrible weather it is! 多么恶劣的天气啊

12、！,4）How cold it is! 多冷啊！,5）How hard he works! 他工作多么努力啊！,2010年南京中考卷第3题： _ beautiful day it is! Lets go and have a picnic in the park. A. How B. How a C. What D. What a,2010年常州市中考卷第8题： _wonderful news report he wrote ! A. What a B. what C. which D. weather,2010年泰州市中考卷第12题： -With the help of ORBIS doct

13、ors, the boy can see again. -_ he is! What lucky B. What a luck C. How Luck D. How lucky,2009年南京市英语中考题： _dangerous it is to ride fast on a busy road! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a,1. _ heavy traffic!,A. What a B. What,C. How a D. How,2. _ cold weather today!,A. What aB. What,C. How a D. How,3. _ fine day it is!,A. HowB. What,C. What aD. How a,4. _ fine it is today!,A. HowB. What,C. What a D. How a,5. _ beautiful the flowers look!,A. How a B. How,C. What aD. What,B,B,C,A,B,6. _ tall buildings they are!,A. How a B. How,C. What aD. What,7. _ tal