Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars 语言点（教师版）

1、Book3 Unit 4学案 Warming upLanguage points【原句1】In our solar _ eight planets circle around the sun. 在我们的太阳系中有八颗行星围绕着太阳转。1). _ n.c 系统；体系；制度；方法 _ adj 有系统的; 有条理的Eg: He introduced us a well-designed railway system. The economic system affects the whole countries.Under the new system, people love our countr

2、y.(1) The _ _ (教育系统) operates very differently in the US and China.(2)太阳系包括太阳和它的八颗行星。_(3) 在新制度下，农民工(migrant workers)将受益很多。_systematic educational system The solar system includes the sun and its eight planets.Under the new system, migrant workers will benefit a lot. Reading一语法填空（根据课文内容完成短文） No one k

3、nows how the earth began, as it happened so long ago. However, according to a 1._(wide) accepted theory, the universe began 2. _ a Big Bang that threw matter in all directions. After that, atoms began to form and combine to create stars and other bodies. For several years after the Big Bang, the ear

4、th was still just a cloud of dust. What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe. The earth became so violent 3. _it was not clear whether the shape would last or not. It exploded loudly with fire and rock. They were in time

5、to produce carbon, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases, 4._ were to make the earths atmosphere. 5._ is even more important is that as the earth cooled low, water began 6._ (appear) on its surface. Water had also appeared on other planets like Mars but, 7._ the earth, it had disappeared later. It

6、was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the 8._(develop) of life. What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas. This produced 9._ chain reaction, which made 10._ possible fo

7、r life to develop. widely, with, that, which, What, to appear, unlike, development,a, it2 Language points: 【原句1】However, according to a widely accepted theory, the universe _ a Big Bang that threw matter in all directions. 然而，一种普遍为人们所接受的理论是：宇宙起源于一次大爆炸，这次大爆炸将物质投射到四面八方。1). _ 从/以开始Eg:The party began/st

8、arted with a song. He began/started the party with a song. To begin/start with, we must apologize to our teacher for being late.搭配归纳：_从/以开始 _以/从开始_ 首先，第一点(1) _, pets are good friends of many lonely people, especially the old.(2)His speech _ a poem. 他以一首诗开始他的演讲。(句型转换)= _begin/start with begin/start s

9、th with to begin/start with To begin with began/started with He began/started his speech with a poem.【原句2】The earth became so _ that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.2) . _ 猛烈的，激烈的，暴力（引起）的 _ n. 暴力行为，暴行 _ adv. 强烈地，激烈地Eg：There was a violent wind. Students were involved in violent c

10、lashes with the police.Whatever happens, we will never use violence.(1) The robbers bit them_, and they couldnt bear it any more so they decided to answer _ with _ and began their _ fight back.(2) 孩子不被允许看暴力电影。_violent violence violently violently violence violence violent Children are not permitted

11、to watch violent movies.【原句3】 They were in time to produce carbon, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases, which were to make the earth s atmosphere.它(地球)巨大的爆炸喷出了烈火与岩石。最终产生了水蒸气、二氧化碳、氧、氮和其他多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。3). _ 及时；最终；迟早 _ 按时，准时 Eg: He will come on time even though it rains. The naughty boy play tric

12、ks on the old man all the time. We are glad that we can finish the task ahead of time. He tells lies at times. 归纳搭配： _ 一直；始终；老是 _提前 _ 有时 (1) I have kept on thinking about that _.(2) The bus is usually_, but it was late this morning. (3) We were just _ for the bus.(4) _I make mistakes when I speak En

13、glish.(5) According to the rule, you cant leave school _on time all the time, ahead of time, at times, all the time ,on time, in time, At times, ahead of time【原句4】Water had also appeared on other planets like Mars but, _ the earth, it had disappeared later. 水也出现在像火星那样的其他行星上，但和地球不同，其他行星上的水后来都消失了。4).

14、_ prep./adj.不像,与不同 adj._不太可能的，未必发生的Eg: Unlike her sister, she is lazy. Its unlikely that it will rain tomorrow. She dislikes dogs, so she has a violent dislike for dogs.搭配归纳：_ vt./n. 不喜欢，讨厌(1) They are so _ that nobody believes they are sisters.(2) We _ being talked about.(3) 和他哥哥不一样，他不喜欢冒险。_unlike

15、unlike dislike unlike dislike Unlike his brother, he dislikes taking a chance. 【原句5】This produced a chain reaction, which _ for life to develop.这就产生了一系列的反应，使得生命有可能开始发展了。5)Eg: We made/consider/believe it our duty to support good leaders. 我们觉得支持好的领导是我们的职责。 I find/feel/think/ it difficult to solve the

16、problem. 归纳: find/consider/believe/find/feel/think + _(形式宾语) +_/_(宾语补足语）+ 动词不定式, 真正的宾语是后面的_。(1)My father _ (发现很奇怪）to dress up as a clown.(2)I _ (认为好）to keep a balanced diet.(3)We _ (规定）to get up at 6 oclock every morning.(4)我觉得和他友好相处是一个大问题._made it possible it n./adj. it 不定式 found it strange feel/th

17、ink/find/consider it good make it a rule I feel/think/consider/find it a big problem to get along well with him. 【原句6】They laid eggs too and _ on the earth for more than 140 million years.它们也生蛋，在地球上生存了1.4亿年。6). _ vi. 存在；有 _ n.Eg: Its impossible for them to exist on such a small income. The earth exi

18、sts in the universe. Do you know when the earth come into existence?归纳搭配：_ 靠某物生存 _ 存在于某地方_ 出现，产生, 开始存在(1) They cant _ the money hes earning.(2) This hole _ since ancient times.(3) 这个问题也存在农业里。_exist existence exist on exist + prep. come into existence exist on has come into existence This problem exi

19、sts in agriculture as well.【原句7】Thus they have, in their turn, become the most important animals on the planet.于是他们接着成为这个行 星上最重要的动物。 7 ). _ 轮到某人；接着 Eg: We clean the classroom in turn. = We take turns to clean the classroom. It is my turn to clean the classroom. The little boy laughed and cried by tu

20、rns. 搭配归纳：_轮流；一个接着一个 _轮流（做某物）_轮到某人做某事了 _轮流；一阵一阵 (1)My mother went hot and cold _ _.(2)我们轮流着开车。_(3)今天轮到谁发了?_ in turn take turns (to do sth.) Its ones turn to do sth. by turns by turns We drove the car by turns / in turn. = We took turns to drive the car. Whose turn is it to give a speech today?【原句8】H

21、ow life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles that scientists found hard to solve. 地球上的生命是如何起源的,这是科学家们觉得最难解决的一个谜团。8). _ n.谜；难题 vt.&vi. (使)迷惑；(使)苦思 _adj.感到困惑的(心理变化） _adj.令人费解的（物的特点）Eg: The question puzzles us. They try their best to solve a puzzle. He is puzzling about/over a math problem.归纳搭配

22、：_ 某事使某人迷惑/为难 _解决一个难题_对某事感到迷惑或苦苦思索（以便理解） (1)She listened with a _ (puzzle) expression on her face.(2)He felt _ because of the _the situation.(3)I spent hours _ the theme of the poem .(4) 她的回答把我弄糊涂了。_ puzzle puzzled puzzling sth. puzzles sb. solve a puzzle puzzle about/over sth. puzzled puzzled puzzl

23、ing puzzling over Her reply puzzled me. Using language【原句1】As the rocket rose into the air, we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the_ of the earths gravity. 1). _ vt. 拉（力）；拖；n. 牵引力，拉力 Eg: Horseswere used to pull the plough(拉犁)in this village. A pull on the rope will ma

24、ke the bell ring.(1)I cant have him _ my hair all the time.(2)The tides depend on _(月亮引力作用）.pulling the pull of the moon【原句2】I_ immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger. 我立刻感到很高兴，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，我望着（身后的）地球越来越小，而（前方的）月球越来越

25、大。2) . _ (使)高兴起来，（使某人）感到高兴Eg: Your visit has greatly cheered him up.(1) When I promised to help him, _(他立即高兴起来）。(2) 这个消息使他的父母感到高兴。_he cheered up at once. The news made his parents cheer up. /the news cheered his parents up./ his parents cheered up at the news.【原句3】But when I tried to step forward, I

26、 found I was carried _ far _ on the earth and fell over.而当我试着向前迈步的时候,我发觉我被送出去很远,步子的跨度竟是地球上的两倍，因而3). _ 是的两倍Eg: My swimming pool is twice as large as his. 我的游泳池是他的两倍。My swimming pool is twice larger than his. 我的游泳池比他的大两倍。（是他的三倍）My swimming pool is twice the size of his. 我的游泳池的规模是他的两倍。归纳：英语常见倍数的表示句型：倍数+ _ + _+ as 是的几倍倍数+ _+ than 比(多/大)几倍倍数+ _ +表示长度/高度/宽度等的名词+ _ 是的长度/高度/宽度几倍注意：此结构中常用的名词有：size, height, weight, length, width depth等。其中“两倍”用_, 三倍或三倍以上用_ 词+ times表达。(1) The library is so big that it contains _(两倍的书）as that one.(2) The room is _ (比宽四倍）than the