Unit2-Sailing-the-oceans--period1-Warming-up-and-reading.ppt

1、Sailing the oceans,Unit 2,Words,minimum pole overhead offshore outward secure magnetic,adj. 最小的; 最低的 n. 地极; 柱; 杆 adj. 在头上的 adv. 在头顶上; 在空中 adj. 离岸的; 海面上的 adj. 外面的; 向外的 adv. 向外; 在外 adj. 安全的; 可靠的 adj. 磁的; 有磁性的,awkward reference precise simplify portable shortcoming updated tendency reliable,adj. 难使用的;

2、笨拙的 n. 参考 adj. 精确的; 准确的 vt. 单一化; 简单化 adj. 轻便的; 手提的 n. 缺点; 短处 vt. 更新 n. 趋向; 倾向 adj. 可靠的; 可信赖的,1 What is a navigator? 2 What is the difference between a navigator and an explorer?,Warming Up,In pairs discuss these questions:,A navigator explores new routes across the sea.,A navigator explores the sea;

3、 an explorer discovers new places on land.,3 Look at these famous people. Are they navigators or explorers? What do you know about them?,Zheng He, in the year between 1405 and 1433, seven large treasure fleets sailed westwards on voyages of trade and exploration. Under the command of Zheng He, the f

4、leets set sail from the South China,Sea across the Indian Ocean to the Red Sea, and then traveled further south, discovering the eastern coast of Africa. He renewed relations with the Kingdoms of the East African.,When Marco Polo was still very young, he decided to travel together with his father. I

5、t took them more than three years to travel to China. After nearly seventeen years travel in the East, Marco and his father wanted to return home.,Marco Polo,Marco Polo was born in Venice in 1254. He was the most famous foreigner to visit Asia during the Middle Ages.,James Cook (1728-1779) was the g

6、reatest Britain navigator. Cook enlisted in the Royal Navy,in 1755. In 1768 he was promoted and sent to the Pacific where he surveyed Tahiti, New Zealand, and Australia. On his famous 2nd expedition (1772-75) he explored Antarctica. In 1776 in his third and final voyage, he explored the West coast o

7、f North America and discovered the Hawaiian Islands.,SAILING THE OCEANS,Reading,Now read about what navigation was like before modern instruments were used.,1 What is the use of a bearing circle, astrolabe, quadrant or sextant? ( ) What is the use of a compass? ( ) A to set the course of the ship B

8、to measure the position of the ship C to measure the speed of the ship D to tell the time,B,A,Comprehending,1 Read the passage and answer the following questions.,SAILING THE OCEANS,Using nature to keep alongside coastline Part1,Using navigational instruments to help Part 2,Using celestial bodies,Us

9、ing the wildlife,Finding longitude,Using the sea,Finding latitude,Using the weather,3 What would you do if you came across the following problems during your voyage? Read the chart below and fill in your plans of action to deal with them.,wait till the storm is over, and then find your new position

10、and return to your original course,use knots to find your speed and work out your approximate longitude,use the compass and the astrolabe, quadrant or sextant to find out your position, return to your former course,follow nesting birds to shore; look for special cloud formations or fog over streams

11、to find land,use a compass,measure your position using the sun or stars; look for sea birds, cloud formations, fog or seaweed to show that land is nearby,To find the ships position at sea a sailor used the North Star and the sun.,4 Read the passage again and use the information to analyse the naviga

12、tional skills. Write the answers in your own words.,Using nature,2 A sailor knew that land was nearby if he saw _ _ . 3 Sailors used _ _ to increase their speed.,Using instruments 4 There were two methods to find longitude: 1 _ 2 _ _ .,measuring time and speed,compass and complicated mathematical ta

13、bles,5 Write down the working principles of the following instruments: Beating circle: _ _ . Astrolabe:_ _ .,to compare the height of the sun now with the position of the sun at midday,to compare the position of the ship in relation to some stars or the sun,Quadrant: _ .,a more precise form of the a

14、strolabe, to measure how high stars are above the horizon, and compare that measurement with previous measurements (using the ship as one of the fixed points to find its position),Sextant: _ .,an updated version of the quadrant and so it was more accurate, to measure the angle between two fixed poin

15、ts outside the ship (using two mirrors to find the ships position),5 Imagine you are on a boat with twenty-nine other people. You have a small box for your personal things but it can only hold ten items. What would you need for a weeks journey across the North Sea to England?,shirt, trousers,waterpr

16、oof boots,soap,scissors, knife,blanket,sea-sick tablets, cold medicine,cards, chess,novels, essay collections,1. at the mercy of 听任摆布，在面前无能为力,They were lost at sea at the mercy of wind and weather.,have / show mercy on sb. 宽恕或怜悯某人；,without mercy 毫不容情地,Language points,Avoid (making ) any reference to

17、 his illness . 千万别提起他的病。,2. reference n., 提到; 说到; 涉及, 附注; 旁注,check your references 要核对引证的资料,【知识拓展】 refer v . 提到，说起，涉及；参考， 查询，常与to 连用。,When I said some people are stupid I wasnt referring to you. 当我说某个人很愚蠢的时候，我没有提到你。 If you dont know what this means, please refer to the dictionary. 如果你不知道这是什么意思，请查看字典

18、。,She simplified the instructions so that the children could understand them. 她简化了指令以便于儿童理解。,3 simplify v. 简化; 使单纯,That will simplify my task. 那可简化了我的工作。,1. The data should be updated once a week. 这些数据应该每星期更新一次。 2. Maps need regular updates. 地图需要经常修订。 3. I updated the committee on our progress. 我向委员

19、会报告了我们的进展情况。,4 update v. 更新; 补充最新资料,S subject 主语 P predicate 谓语 O object 宾语 Att attribute 定语 Adv adverbial 状语 Com complement 补语 Pre predicative 表语 C clause 从句,Short forms 缩略语,Difficult sentences analysis,1 The number of knots that were counted during a fixed period of time gave the speed of the ship in nautical miles per hour,一定时段得出的绳节数显示航船的海哩时速。,S,Att C,P,O,Adv,2.